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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of an in vitro screening test to evaluate the in vivo bioaccessibility of ingested mine-waste lead (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 27 (1993), S. 2870-2877 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00049a030
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Decreased Oxygen on In Vitro Release of Endogenous 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethylamine from Mouse Striatum (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 47 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The effects of hypoxia on release of endogenous 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (DA, dopamine) were investigated in mouse striatal slices. Following a 60-min pre-incubation, potassium increased DA release 12 times between zero and 1 min. By 10 min, uptake processes exceeded release and DA levels in the media decreased. Hypoxia (low oxygen) and anoxia (no oxygen) increased DA in the media by 120 and 205%, respectively, but did not alter dihydroxyphenylacetic acid concentrations. Under similar conditions, anoxia increased [3H]DA uptake eightfold. For the uptake studies, the amount of DA added to the media was critical; in the presence of high concentrations of DA, anoxia reduced reuptake. Regardless of exogenous DA, hypoxia and anoxia increased extracellular DA, which may play a role in ischemic cell damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb13109.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoamine Neurotransmitter Metabolism and Locomotor Activity During Chemical Hypoxia (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 46 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The effects of hypoxia on metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT or serotonin) and 3,4-dihydroxy-phenylethylamine (DA or dopamine) were compared with those on open-field activity in male CD-1 mice. Chemical hypoxia was induced with NaNO2. Hypoxia did not alter striatal concentrations of DA, 5HT, Trp, Tyr, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, or homovanillic acid. However, NaNO2 (75 mg/kg) reduced the rates of conversion of [3H]Tyr to [3H]DA (−41%) and [3H]Trp to [3H]5-HT (39%). Hypoxia also reduced dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels (−27%) and DOPAC/DA ratios (−20%). Open-field behavior, as measured in an automated activity monitor, decreased in a dose-dependent fashion with 75–150 mg/kg of NaNO2 (−35 to −90%). Comparison with previous studies suggests that the syntheses of dopamine, serotonin, and the amino acids are equally vulnerable to hypoxic insults but may be less sensitive than the synthesis of acetylcholine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb13033.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopamine, Acetylcholine, and Glutamate Interactions in Aging Behavioral and Neurochemical Correlates (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 515 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb32984.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential alteration of dopamine, acetylcholine, and glutamate release during anoxia and/or 3,4-diaminopyridine treatment (1987)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 12 (1987), S. 1019-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Acetylcholine ; glutamate ; dopamine ; release ; 3,4-diaminopyridine ; anoxia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The potassium-stimulated release of acetylcholine (ACh), glutamate (GLU) and dopamine (DA) from mouse striatal slices was studied during anoxia and/or 3,4-diaminopyridine (DAP) treatment. Anoxia, in the presence of calcium, increased DA and GLU release, but depressed ACh release. Omission of calcium from an anoxic incubation further stimulated GLU and DA release and impaired ACh release. Under normoxic conditions, DAP (100 μM) increased the release of all three neurotransmitters; the sensitivity of the slices to DAP changed with the presence or absence of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor in the preincubation media. During an anoxic incubation, DAP did not ameliorate the anoxic-induced, K+-stimulated impairment of ACh release, but significantly reduced the K+-stimulated release of GLU and DA. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that hypoxia induces a presynaptic deficit that may underlie postsynaptic ischemic-induced changes. Amelioration of these presynaptic alterations in neurotransmitter release may be an effective approach to preventing hypoxic-induced damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00970931
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective damage in striatum and hippocampus with in vitro anoxia (1988)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 13 (1988), S. 329-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Hippocampus ; striatum ; anoxia ; ischemia ; acetylcholine ; oxidation ; calcium ; selective vulnerability ; cell death
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An in vitro model of anoxia-induced brain damage was utilized to help elucidate the biochemical basis of cell damage due to reduced oxygen availability. Previous studies suggest that anoxia-induced damage may vary presynaptically, post-synaptically or in the cell body. Thus, the consequences of an anoxic treatment incubation were examined with hippocampal slices, which contain cholinergic nerve terminals but not cell bodies, and with slices from whole striatum or its subregions, which contain both cholinergic cell bodies and nerve terminals. Slices were preincubated with either oxygen or nitrogen (treatment incubation) and the persistent effects of this treatment on [14C]acetylcholine and14CO2 production from [U-14C]glucose were assessed in a subsequent incubation under optimal conditions (test incubation). An anoxic treatment incubation reduced the subsequent test incubation production of CO2 about 40% in the hippocampus and striatum, The anoxic treatment incubation diminished ACh production by 46% in the striatum, but only minimally affected that in the hippocampus. Anoxic treatment incubations of synaptosomes did not alter test-incubation ACh synthesis or CO2 production. Omission of calcium from the anoxic treatment incubation increased striatal ACh synthesis by 88% and CO2 production in both regions. These results suggest that anoxia produces persistent changes in postsynaptic processes or cell bodies (in this model cholinergic ones) that differ from those in nerve terminals and that calcium is important in the production of these deficits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00972482
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