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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle beam LC/MS screening of polar compounds of contaminated ground water samples from a former gas plant (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 359 (1997), S. 288-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A commercial particle beam interface coupled to a single quadrupole mass spectrometer has been used for a nontarget screening of highly contaminated water samples from a former gas plant. A liquid chromatographic system has been used to separate hydrophilic compounds with a high percentage water gradient without any loss of efficiency in the MS interface. The ground water showed a high pollution burden in the total ion current chromatogram. Full scan EI mass spectra have been obtained for identification of unknown compounds which could be assigned to oxidation products of heterocyclic aromatic compounds, some known constituents of coal tar. The identification of 6(5H)-phenanthridinone has been confirmed by comparison with a corresponding standard. The difficulties of an unequivocal identification of isoquinolinone and methyl derivatives of quinolinone based on their EI mass spectra are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050575
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of headspace GC/MS screening and general parameters for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in groundwater samples (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 360 (1998), S. 820-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Groundwater samples from a former gas plant site were investigated by headspace GC/MS and general parameters with regard to organic pollution. The contamination plume was distinguished from background with GC/MS headspace and dissolved organic carbon analyses. Headspace GC/MS analyses of these samples revealed the presence of several aromatic and heterocyclic compounds typical to coal tar leachates. Selected ion monitoring GC/MS was used to establish the relative contamination level of seven selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from 9 sampling wells. Three wells showed a high contamination level and therefore, they could be attributed to the vicinity of contamination sources. Well samples downgradient from the pollution source showed decreasing contamination levels for all compounds except acenaphthene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050817
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Speciation of As(III), As(V), MMA and DMA in contaminated soil extracts by HPLC-ICP/MS (2000)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 367 (2000), S. 51-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A method to separate and quantify two inorganic arsenic species As(III) and As(V) and two organic arsenic species, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), by HPLC-ICP/MS has been developed. The separation of arsenic species was achieved on the anionic exchange column IonPac®AS11 (Dionex) with NaOH as mobile phase. The technique was successfully applied to analyze extracts of two contaminated soils, sampled at a former tannery site (soil 1) and a former paint production site (soil 2). The soils were extracted at pH values similar to the natural environment. Extractions were performed at different pH values with 0.3 M ammonium oxalate (pH = 3), milli-Q water (pH = 5.8), 0.3 M sodium carbonate (pH = 8) and 0.3 M sodium bicarbonate (pH = 11). No organically bound arsenic was found in the extracts. As(V) was the major component. Only up to 0.04% of the total arsenic contained in soil 1 were mobilized. The highest amount of extracted arsenic was found at the highest pH. In the milli-Q water extract of soil 1 As(III) and As(V) were found. High amounts of As(V) were found in the extracts of soil 2. Up to 20% of the total arsenic bound to soil 2 constituents were released. The results show that the mobilization of arsenic depended on the pH value of the extraction solution and the kind of extracted soil. Dramatic consequences have to be expected for pH changes in the environment especially in cases where soils contain high amounts of mobile arsenic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051597
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid by liquid-liquid extraction and ion chromatography (2000)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 366 (2000), S. 244-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An extraction technique using MTBE (methyl tert. butyl ether) and reagent water in combination with ion chromatography and conductivity determination was developed to quantify dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) concentrations in raw water after chlorination. The detection limit of the method was 0.45 and 1.50 μg/L for DCAA and TCAA, respectively. Mean values of recovery ranged from 90 to 96% for DCAA and 95 to 108% for TCAA. The evaluation of recovery and precision of the method indicates that the performance characteristics are comparable with gas chromatographic (GC) methods reported in literature. In addition, the procedure is simple, fast, and does not need any derivatization step. Application of the analytical method to the determination of DCAA and TCAA in real samples is shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050048
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HPAE-PAD – a sensitive method for the determination of carbohydrates (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 360 (1998), S. 827-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract High performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAE-PAD) was used for the determination of eleven monosaccharides. Three analytical columns with different selectivities were tested, and the resulting separations were compared calculating precision and detection limits. The monosaccharides could be separated on CarboPAC PA10 in one analysis run with the lowest detection limits and a high precision. For the determination of polysaccharides and humic bound carbohydrates in natural organic matter, an hydrolysis step had to be carried out. With the exception of fructose, the recoveries varied between 56% and 83%. The described methods were applied for the determination of bound carbohydrates in a bog lake water and a soil extract without preconcentrating the samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050819
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between natural organic matter (NOM) and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) – comparison of fluorescence quenching and solid phase micro extraction (SPME) (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 364 (1999), S. 313-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The interaction of phenanthrene and 9-aminophenanthrene with natural organic matter (NOM) of different origin was investigated using the fluorescence quenching approach and the solid phase micro extraction method. The results of both methods are compared in terms of the influence of the concentration of the polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) as well as the concentration of the NOM on the observed binding constant. Due to the combination of steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence techniques it could be concluded that the observed fluorescence quenching was caused by a static interaction like a complex formation. While for phenanthrene both analytical methods showed no long term effects and the reaction equilibrium between NOM and phenanthrene was established within the first hour, for 9-aminophenanthrene a slow reaction kinetics (within days) was found indicating specific interactions between NOM and the amino group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051342
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence Decay of Natural Organic Matter (NOM)—Influence of Fractionation, Oxidation, and Metal Ion Complexation (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of fluorescence 8 (1998), S. 309-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Natural organic matter ; humic substances ; time-resolved fluorescence ; distribution analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Time-resolved fluorescence measurements of aquatic natural organic matter (NOM) derived from different origins were performed using the time-correlated single-photon counting technique. The obtained experimental data were analyzed with nonlinear least-squares (NLLS) algorithms. The results of a global analysis with three exponential decay terms were compared with the results obtained in a distribution analysis (exponential series method; ESM). Fulvic acid fractions from a bog lake water, from a brown coal production effluent, and from a soil seepage water as well as NOM from a municipal waste water were investigated. The influence of the emission wavelength on the NOM fluorescence decay was monitored. Furthermore, the influence of fractionation using size exclusion chromatography, of ozonation, and of metal ion complexation on the fluorescence decay of the NOM samples was investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020564229825
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photometrische, chromatographische und atomspektroskopische Phosphorbestimmung in Fließgewässerproben (1987)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 327 (1987), S. 11-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00474518
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A liquid chromatographic system with multi-detection for the direct analysis of hydrophilic organic compounds in natural waters (1992)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 342 (1992), S. 198-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A combined analytical LC/HPLC system was developed which allows the direct and continuous determination of organic carbon (OC), inorganic carbon (IC), UV-Vis, fluorescence, and organically bound nitrogen in aqueous solutions in the low μg/l concentration range. The arrangement is well suited as detector for the direct chromatographic characterisation of organic constituents in natural surface- and groundwaters without any sample pretreatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00321726
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of liquid chromatography-particle beam mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the identification of metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (1994)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 38 (1994), S. 781-788 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Particle beam MS detection ; Polycyclic aromatic metabolites ; Biodegradation in water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Two liquid chromatography-particle beam mass spectrometry (LC-PBMS) systems have been used for analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in water samples from a biological decomposition model experiment. The results were compared with those obtained by classical gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Evaluation of spectral data indicated the presence of six main metabolites; 1H,3H-naphtho [1,8-cd]pyran-1,3-dione, 1-(hydroxymethyl)naphthalene, and 1,2-acenaphthenedione were identified by use of standard substances and spiking experiments. Enrichment of the investigated water samples with online pre-column (C18) concentration, freeze-drying, and solvent extraction led to similar results with only slight differences. The application of microbore separation columns proved to be a promising tool in particle beam LC-MS measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02269637
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