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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid-phase thermal square-planar-to-octahedral isomeric transformation of nickel(II) complexes containing 1,2-cyclohexanediamines (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 26 (1987), S. 3745-3750 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00269a025
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentiation of principal cells of the rat lateral geniculate body into two groups; fast and slow cells (1973)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 17 (1973), S. 242-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Past and slow principal cells ; Recurrent inhibition ; Lateral geniculate body ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In urethane-anesthetized albino rats studies were made on mass potentials and/or unit activities of the lateral geniculate body (LGB) in response to single shock stimulation of optic tract (OT) and visual cortex (VC). The previous finding that LGB mass responses to stimulation of the optic nerve comprise at least two postsynaptic waves (r1 and r2) with different peak times was confirmed by OT stimulation. It was found that the r1 wave had a lower threshold and a more rapid recovery process than the r2 wave. Unit responses of principal (P) cells to maximal OT stimulation consisted of short-latency, single spikes (initial spike, IS), followed by long-latency, grouped discharges (late discharge, LD) repeated more than twice (LD1, LDr2 and so forth). Spontaneous discharges were almost completely suppressed after IS and each LD, suggesting that following these evoked discharges P cells underwent a phase of depressed excitability. The latency histogram of IS based upon 212 P cells had two peaks well-corresponding in time to the peaks of the r1 and r2 waves of the mass response, respectively. P cells were divided into the fast and slow groups according to whether their ISs occurred earlier or later than the trough separating the r1 and r2 waves. Typically, the fast cells had lower thresholds than the slow cells. The duration of the post-excitatory depression following IS and LD1 were shorter in the fast cells than in the slow cells. This same was found true with regard to the duration of depressed excitability following the antidromic firing. Examining the response patterns to OT stimulation of weak intensities, one characteristic difference between the two groups of P cells was found; the fast cells showed the IS without the succeeding LDs whereas the slow cells showed the LDs without the preceding IS. A discussion was made on functional significance of the differentiation of P cells into two types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234664
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Receptive-field properties of adult cat’s retinal ganglion cells with regenerated axons (1999)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 124 (1999), S. 383-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Retinal ganglion cells ; Axonal regeneration ; Single-unit activity ; Receptive field ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Receptive-field properties of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that had regenerated their axons were studied by recording single-unit activity from strands teased from peripheral nerve (PN) grafts apposed to the cut optic nerve in adult cats. Of the 286 visually responsive units recorded from PN grafts in 20 cats, 49.7% were classified, according to their receptive-field properties, as Y-cells, 39.5% as X-cells, 6.6% as W-cells, and 4.2% were unclassified. The predominant representation of Y-cells is consistent with a corresponding morphological study (Watanabe et al. 1993a), which identified α-cells as the RGC type with the largest proportion of regenerating axons. Among the X-cells, we only found ON-center types, whereas both ON-center and OFF-center Y-cells were found. As in intact retinas, the receptive-field center sizes of Y-cells and W-cells were larger than those of X-cells at corresponding displacements from the area centralis. Within the 10° surrounding the area centralis, the receptive fields of X-cells with regenerated axons were larger than those in intact retinas, suggesting that some rearrangement of retinal circuitry occurred as a consequence of degeneration and regeneration. Receptive-field center responses of Y-, X-, and W-type units with regenerated axons were similar to those found in intact retinas, but the level of spontaneous activity of Y- and X-type units was, in general, less than that of intact RGCs. Receptive-field surrounds were weak or not detected in more than half of the visually responsive RGCs with regenerated axons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050635
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-destructive Visible/NIR Spectroscopy for Differentiation of Fresh and Frozen-thawed Fish (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 70 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nondestructive visible/near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was evaluated to investigate whether fish has been frozen-thawed. Fresh or frozen-thawed red sea bream Pagrus major (n= 108) were scanned using a NIRSystems 6500 spectrophotometer equipped with a surface interactance fiber-optic accessory then discriminated by soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on principal component analysis (PCA) scores. The major effect of freeze-thawing treatment involves a gross change in total reflectance after freezing and thawing; this arises from changes in light scatter presumably arising from alterations in the physical structure of at least the surface layer of fish. Untreated original absorbance spectra achieved much better (100%) classification accuracy for the prediction samples while the same figures for multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) treated spectra are considerably worse, indicating that scattering is the major information that makes classification work. No incorrect type of classification at all and also there are no samples classified to both groups either. This faster technique has the potential to differentiate fresh and frozen-thawed fish and could be applied for online or at-line processing control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb11509.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear cataract caused by a lack of DNA degradation in the mouse eye lens (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 424 (2003), S. 1071-1074 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The eye lens is composed of fibre cells, which develop from the epithelial cells on the anterior surface of the lens. Differentiation into a lens fibre cell is accompanied by changes in cell shape, the expression of crystallins and the degradation of cellular organelles. The loss of organelles ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01895
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subtype-specific coupling with ADP-ribosyl cyclase of metabotropic glutamate receptors in retina, cervical superior ganglion and NG108-15 cells (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 85 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADP-ribose) is a putative second messenger or modulator. However, the role of cADP-ribose in the downstream signals of the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) is unclear. Here, we show that glutamate stimulates ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity in rat or mouse crude membranes of retina via group III mGluRs or in superior cervical ganglion via group I mGluRs. The retina of mGluR6-deficient mice showed no increase in the ADP-ribosyl cyclase level in response to glutamate. GTP enhanced the initial rate of basal and glutamate-stimulated cyclase activity. GTP-γ-S also stimulated basal activity. To determine whether the coupling mode of mGluRs to ADP-ribosyl cyclase is a feature common to individual cloned mGluRs, we expressed each mGluR subtype in NG108-15 neuroblastoma × glioma hybrid cells. The glutamate-induced stimulation of the cyclase occurs preferentially in NG108-15 cells over-expressing mGluRs1, 3, 5, and 6. Cells expressing mGluR2 or mGluRs4 and 7 exhibit inhibition or no coupling, respectively. Glutamate-induced activation or inhibition of the cyclase activity was eliminated after pre-treatment with cholera or pertussis toxin, respectively. Thus, the subtype-specific coupling of mGluRs to ADP-ribosyl cyclase via G proteins suggests that some glutamate-evoked neuronal functions are mediated by cADP-ribose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01751.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bemerkungen über Thermochromie von Kobalt(II) chloridlösungen in organischen Medien, 1. Mitt.: Lösungen in verschiedenen Alkoholen (1976)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 107 (1976), S. 271-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The thermochromism of solutions of cobalt(II) chloride in methanol, ethanol, n- and iso-propyl, n-, iso- and sec. butyl alcohol was studied spectrophotometrically. The blue color of these solutions fades with decreasing temperature, solutions in primary alcohols being especially variable, becoming pink at sufficiently low temperature. Solutions in secondary alcohols are, on the other hand, much less variable. The thermochromism can be ascribed, in general, to the shift of the equilibrium $$[CoL_2 Cl_2 ] + (3 - 4) L\begin{array}{*{20}c} \to \\ \leftarrow \\ \end{array} ([CoL_5 Cl]^ + or [CoL_6 ]^{2 + } ) + (1 - 2) Cl^ - $$ (L: solvent molecule). In the case of methanol, however, the two equilibria $$[CoLCl_3 ]^ - + 4 L \begin{array}{*{20}c} \to \\ \leftarrow \\ \end{array} [CoL_5 Cl]^ + + 2 Cl^ - $$ and $$[CoL_5 Cl]^ + + L\begin{array}{*{20}c} \to \\ \leftarrow \\ \end{array} [CoL_6 ]^{2 + } ) + Cl^ - $$ seem to be shifted one after another. The significance of the difference between primary and secondary alcohols is briefly discussed in connection with some related effects, i.e. the pressure effect studied byKitamura andOsugi 7 and the water effect found byKato et al.10.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00909102
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myelination of regenerated optic fibers in peripheral nerve graft of adult cats (1994)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 98 (1994), S. 39-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Optic nerve regeneration ; Myelin sheath Electron microscopy ; g value ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Retinal ganglion cells of adult cats have the potential to regenerate their axons into autografted peripheral nerve. Two months after transplantation of the sciatic nerve to the axotomized optic stump, regenerated axons were labeled anterogradely with biocytin, and myelin formation by Schwann cells was examined electron microscopically. Both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers were labeled with biocytin. Among 511 axons labeled in three grafts, 96 fibers (18.8%) were myelinated and 415 (81.2%) were unmyelinated. Mean diameter with SD of myelinated fibers was 1.28 ± 0.39 μm (range 0.71–2.47) and that of unmyelinated fibers was 0.76± 0.38 μm (range 0.18–2.46). The ratio of inner to outer diameters of the myelin sheath (g value) was 0.82, which is close to the value (0.8) for the optic fibers of intact adult cats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229107
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glomerular basement membrane outpockets and glomerular growth in the postnatal development of the rat kidney (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 10 (1996), S. 461-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words: Postnatal development ; Rat ; Glomeruli ; Glomerular basement membrane ; Outpocket ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Distribution of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) outpockets and dimensional growth of glomeruli were studied in the maturing stage of rat glomeruli after completion of nephrogenesis. We observed the postnatal rat glomeruli from 5 to 60 days of age by transmission electron microscopy and estimated the structural development of glomeruli by computerized morphometry. On day 5, the GBM was double in structure, possessing an epithelial and endothelial lamina densa. After day 10, the lamina densa of the GBM was single and sent branches toward the epithelial side making outpockets. There is no change in the distributional pattern of the outpockets, at least from day 10 to day 60, although they decreased considerably in number between days 20 and 40. They were found almost exclusively on the peripheral surface of the glomerulus. The rat glomeruli increased in volume constantly in this period, and the capillary volume increased more significantly than the mesangial volume. The GBM surface area increased in parallel with the glomerular tuft volume. The growing mode of capillaries was different before and after day 40; namely before day 40 elongation was predominant, whereas after day 40 widening was more pronounced. These results indicate that if the outpockets are the other site of GBM assembly after fusion of double basement membranes, the GBM must be redistributed from the peripheral to the paramesangial site to enable elongation and branch formation of capillaries during the growth of glomeruli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050140
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A case report suggesting a common pathogenesis for IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 8 (1994), S. 750-751 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: IgA nephropathy ; Henoch-Schönlein purpura ; Streptococcal infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 7-year-old boy who had been followed for asymptomatic haematuria and elevated serum IgA levels developed Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) after a streptococcal infection of the tonsils. Findings on renal biopsy were compatible with mild IgA nephropathy (IgAN); tonsillectomy was also performed as he had chronic tonsillitis. This case suggests that there is a common pathogenesis for IgAN and HSP, at least in some patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00869110
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