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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracytoplasmic hyaline inclusions in the hippocampal neurons of two cattle (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 99 (2000), S. 691-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cattle ; Intracytoplasmic neuronal ¶inclusions ; Hyaline (colloid) inclusion in man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report deals with the large intracytoplasmic hyaline inclusions observed in hippocampal large pyramidal cells of two Holstein-Friesian cattle. These inclusions were round to elongated polyhedral in shape with consistently homogeneous glassy appearance; they varied in size and were positive for the periodic acid-Schiff reaction and silver impregnation. Electron microscopic examination revealed that the inclusions consisted of granular materials showing moderate electron density and were bounded by a unit membrane. On the external surface of the unit membrane, there were direct connections to cellular organelles, including ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. These findings suggest that the inclusions might be derived from neuronal endoplasmic reticulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051181
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hereditary myopathy of the diaphragmatic muscles in Holstein-Friesian cattle (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 339-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Hereditary myopathy ; Muscular dystrophy ; Diaphragmatic muscles ; Autosomal recessive disease ; Holstein-Friesian cattle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a family line with an autosomal recessive disease of muscular dystrophy of the diaphragmatic muscles in Holstein-Friesian cattle. Histopathological examination in the present cases revealed various degenerative changes in the diaphragmatic and other thoracic muscles as follows: variation in muscle fiber diameter, fiber splitting, sarcoplasmic masses, ring fiber, vacuolar and hyalinized degeneration of muscle fibers. In addition, central core-like structures were the prominent features in the diaphragmatic muscles, occupying the center of the fiber or scattered within the fiber. These pathological alterations are consistent with the diaphragmatic myopathy previously reported in Meuse-Rhine-Yssel cattle in the Netherlands. The fibers containing core-like structures consisted of three distinct zones which could be well distinguished by NADH-tetrazolium reductase activity. This activity was absent in the innermost zone, decreased in the intermediate zone, and normal or increased in the periphery. Electron microscopically, this structure appeared to be composed of focal myofibrillar degeneration beginning with streaming or disintegration of the Z disk. We discuss here the similarity between this core-like structure and the other alternative organelles that have been reported previously, and a possible defect or storage in the cytoskeleton from the findings of the Z disk abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315007
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hereditary myopathy of the diaphragmatic muscles in Holstein-Friesian cattle (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 339-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Hereditary myopathy ; Muscular dystrophy ; Draphragmatic muscles ; Autosomal recessive disease ; Holstein-Friesian cattle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a family line with an autosomal recessive disease of muscular dystrophy of the diaphragmatic muscles in Holstein-Friesian cattle. Histopathological examination in the present cases revealed various degenerative changes in the diaphragmatic and other thoracic muscles as follows: variation in muscle fiber diameter, fiber splitting, sarcoplasmic masses, ring fiber, vacuolar and hyalinized degeneration of muscle fiber . In addition, central core-like structures were the prominent features in the diaphragmatic muscles, occupying the center of the fiber or scattered within the fiber. These pathological alterations are consistent with the diaphragmatic myopathy previously reported in Meuse-Rhine-Yssel cattle in the Netherlands. The fibers containing core-like structures consisted of three distinct zones which could be well distinguished by NADH-tetrazolium reductase activity. This activity was absent in the innermost zone, decreased in the intermediate zone, and normal or increased in the periphery. Electron microscopically, this structure appeared to be composed of focal myofibrillar degeneration beginning with streaming or disintegration of the Z disk. We discuss here the similarity between this core-like structure and the other alternative organelles that have been reported previously, and a possible defect or storage in the cytoskeleton from the findings of the Z disk abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315007
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bovine herpesvirus meningoencephalitis association with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) vaccine (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 565-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Bovine herpesvirus ; Cattle ; Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis ; Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis vaccine ; Meningoencephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During 1992, on a farm in the Tokachi district of Hokkaido, Japan, approximately 20 Holstein-Friesian calves showed neuroparalysis and died within 7–10 days after routine vaccination. Six male calves, aged about 1.5 months, were submitted to our laboratory for pathological examination and diagnosed as acute or subacute necrotizing meningoencephalitis due to bovine herpes virus (BHV) infection. The main necropsy findings included a few hemorrhages or clots, and malacic lesions localized in the cortical to subcortical area of the cerebrum. Histopathological brain lesions were characterized by laminar or focal necrosis of neurons, accompanying macrophages, polymorphonuclear cell infiltration, severe astrogliosis, and perivascular cuffing in all six calves. Nuclear basophilic inclusion bodies, which showed positive reaction with immunocytochemical staining of BHV antigen, were observed in the necrotic neurons, astroglia and oligodendroglia in five affected calves. BHV antigens were also seen in the cell bodies and cell processes of the necrotic neurons, which was indicative of cell-to-cell propagation of infection. There was a general tendency for more severe lesions to be located at the cortex to subcortex of the cerebrum. Milder lesions were observed in the cerebellum and brain stem. These findings suggest that the infectious route to the cerebrum in the present cases was through the olfactory bulbs and/or along the meninges beginning from the ethmoid bone, rather than through the trigeminal ganglia route as had been emphasized in studies dealing with experimental infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318568
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bovine herpesvirus meningoencephalitis association with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) vaccine (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 565-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Bovine herpesvirus ; Cattle ; Infectious ; bovine rhinotracheitis ; Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis ; vaccine ; Meningoencephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During 1992, on a farm in the Tokachi district of Hokkaido, Japan, approximately 20 Holstein-Friesian calves showed neuroparalysis and died within 7–10 days after routine vaccination. Six male calves, aged about 1.5 months, were submitted to our laboratory for pathological examination and diagnosed as acute or subacute necrotizing meningoencephalitis due to bovine herpes virus (BHV) infection. The main necropsy findings included a few hemorrhages or clots, and malacic lesions localized in the cortical to subcortical area of the cerebrum. Histopathological brain lesions were characterized by laminar or focal necrosis of neurons, accompanying macrophages, polymorphonuclear cell infiltration, severe astrogliosis, and perivascular cuffing in all six calves. Nuclear basophilic inclusion bodies, which showed positive reaction with immunocytochemical staining of BHV antigen, were observed in the necrotic neurons, astroglia and oligodendroglia in five affected calves. BHV antigens were also seen in the cell bodies and cell processes of the necrotic neurons, which was indicative of cell-to-cell propagation of infection. There was a general tendency for more severe lesions to be located at the cortex to subcortex of the cerebrum. Milder lesions were observed in the cerebellum and brain stem. These findings suggest that the infectious route to the cerebrum in the present cases was through the olfactory bulbs and/or along the meninges beginning from the ethmoid bone, rather than through the trigeminal ganglia route as had been emphasized in studies dealing with experimental infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318568
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dense microspheres in normal horse brain (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 91 (1996), S. 440-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Dense microspheres ; Ageing ; Horse ; Brain ; Endoplasmic reticulum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Here we report eosinophilic globular bodies referred to as dense microspheres (DMS), in the brains of normal horse in relation to the ageing process. The characteristic structures of DMS found in the horse were in similar to those previously reported in the human. The DMS were found predominantly in the neuropil of the cerebral cortex, and were shown histochemically to have a proteinaceous content. Electron microscopy showed that the DMS consisted of homogeneous electron-dense material bound by a single membrane and that they were found within the neuronal processes. In addition, immature or small DMS were observed, which seemed to be closely correlated with the endoplasmic reticulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050449
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical study of some cytoskeletal proteins in hereditary myopathy of the diaphragmatic muscles in Holstein-Friesian cattle (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 97 (1999), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cytoskeletal proteins ; Immunohistochemistry ; Myofibrillar myopathy ; Hereditary myopathy ; Holstein-Friesian cattle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated the expression, using immunohistochemical and Western blot methods, of some cytoskeletal proteins including desmin, vimentin, actin, α-actinin, and ubiquitin in hereditary myopathy of the diaphragmatic muscles in Holstein-Friesian cattle (the histochemical and electron microscopical aspects have been previously reported). Immunohistochemically, the expression of desmin was observed strongly in the subsarcolemmal regions, but was lacking or faint in the area corresponding to the core-like structures. Vimentin showed almost the same localization as desmin, but no activity could be observed in the core-like structures. In addition, the core-like structures showed strong immunoreactivity for actin and ubiquitin, but no immunoreactivity for α-actinin. F-actin stained with phalloidin-tetramethyl-rhodamine was strongly positive in irregular spots that corresponded to the core-like structures, but was negative for desmin-positive regions. Western blot analysis of the diseased muscles revealed a significant increase in the amount of desmin and vimentin immunoreactivities and similar amounts of actin and α-actinin compared with the control muscles. Two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed no isoforms of desmin, suggesting the absence of abnormal phosphorylated forms of desmin. Since the co-localization of desmin and vimentin and the absence of phosphorylated desmin suggest that the overexpression of desmin may be reflected in the reactive change or regenerating process, the present myopathy should be regarded as an entity separate from desmin-storage myopathy or desmin-related myopathies. We also discuss the possibility that the present myopathy could be considered as myofibrillar myopathy, a recently proposed nosological entity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050971
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degenerative axonal swellings in the trigeminal ganglia of cattle (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 92 (1996), S. 409-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Axonal degeneration ; Smooth endoplasmic reticulum ; Trigeminal neuropathy ; Trigeminal ganglia ; Cattle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined the acidophilic oval structures which were frequently encountered in the trigeminal ganglia of cattle that clinically showed trigeminal disturbance. Histopathologically, these structures were composed of numerous fine granules and were generally located near the neuronal cell bodies. They were demonstrated in silver preparations and, using neuron-specific enolase, tau and ubiquitin antibodies. Electron microscopy revealed an accumulation of large membranous vesicles thought to be derived from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of axons, a few degenerative mitochondria and non-membrane-bound osmiophilic debris. Such pathological alterations were consistent with degenerative axonal changes or enlargements, although the pathogenesis was not clear. It should be emphasized that such axonal degeneration is frequently observed as a nonspecific reaction in the trigeminal ganglia in various diseases that cause trigeminal failure in cattle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050537
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Idiopathic peripheral neuropathy in a horse with knuckling (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 389-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Horse ; Peripheral neuropathy ; Neurogenic muscular atrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the pathological findings of the skeletal muscle and peripheral nerves from a male 14-months-old thoroughbred horse showing idiopathic knuckling. The affected animal, when in stainding position, presented knuckling at the fetlock joint of both forelegs, and dragged both fore- and hindlegs when attempting forward movement. The skeletal muscles demonstrated neurogenic atrophy characterized by the scattering of single angular fibers, groups consisting of five to ten angular fibers, and multiple fascicles of atrophic and hypertrophic fibers. The severity of changes tended to be a distal gradient. While there was no evidence of fiber loss on light microscopy, a diffuse scattering of myelin ovoid, Wallerian-like degeneration and onion-bulb formations were observed in almost all peripheral nerves collected. The characteristic features in electron microscope were swollen axons, which contained accumulations of organelles, especially degenerative mitochondria and neurofilmanets. Onion-bulb formations were frequently found and were associated with Schwann cell processes and occasional collagen pockets. Other prominent feature were Büngner bands which contained myelin debris and regenerating axons or sprouts. These findings suggested that the nature of this disease was a disturbance in axonal transport and were indicative of a distal axonopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310385
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Idiopathic peripheral neuropathy in a horse with knuckling (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 389-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Horse ; Peripheral neuropathy ; Neurogenic muscular atrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the pathological findings of the skeletal muscle and peripheral nerves from a male 14-months-old thoroughbred horse showing idiopathic knuckling. The affected animal, when in stainding position, presented knuckling at the fetlock joint of both forelegs, and dragged both fore- and hindlegs when attempting forward movement. The skeletal muscles demonstrated neurogenic atrophy characterized by the scattering of single angular fibers, groups consisting of five to ten angular fibers, and multiple fascicles of atrophic and hypertrophic fibers. The severity of changes tended to be a distal gradient. While there was no evidence of fiber loss on light microscopy, a diffuse scattering of myelin ovoid, Wallerian-like degeneration and onion-bulb formations were observed in almost all peripheral nerves collected.The characteristic features in electron microscope were swollen axons, which contained accumulations of organelles, especially degenerative mitochondria and neurofilmanets. Onion-bulb formations were frequently found and were associated with Schwann cell processes and occasional collagen pockets. Other prominent feature were Büngner bands which contained myelin debris and regenerating axons or sprouts. These findings suggested that the nature of this disease was a disturbance in axonal transport and were indicative of a distal axonopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310385
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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