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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis on fetal nucleated erythrocytes from the maternal circulation is hampered by the small number of nucleated erythrocytes and the uncertainty as to whether they are of fetal or maternal origin. To overcome the latter limitation, single nucleated erythrocytes were separated and enriched from maternal blood by a triple density gradient and a monoclonal antibody (CD71) in combination with a magnetic activated cell sorter. Single nucleated cells were microscopically examined, individually collected with extended Pasteur pipettes, and each transferred into separate caps for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The DNA of the single nucleated erythrocytes was amplified at least 50-fold with a random PCR technique, viz., primer extension preamplification. Precise differentiation between maternal and fetal nucleated erythrocytes was achieved via PCR by using primers flanking highly polymorphic nucleotide repeats (D1S53, ACTBP2 and D21S11) and with a XY-specific primer pair (amelogenin). A total of 134 putative nucleated erythrocytes were analyzed from blood samples of 19 pregnant women. With the help of the polymorphic repeats, 25% were assigned as being of maternal origin, 26% of fetal origin, and 48% were uninformative. In cases with male fetuses, the amelogenin primers revealed 30% of cells to be fetal nucleated erythrocytes, the remaining 70% being of maternal origin. The results indicate that the combination of random PCR and PCR-mediated polymorphism analysis on the DNA of single nucleated erythrocytes is a useful technique for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 79 (1998), S. 203-212 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):65L05
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. A ROW type approach is considered for integral form DAEs arising in charge-oriented nodal analysis of digital networks. These network equations define very special index-2 systems that can be solved by Rosenbrock-Wanner (ROW) methods suitable for semi-explicit index-1 systems without order reduction. To obtain charge conservation, the charge variables are projected on the linear charge constraint. In contrast to the semi-explicit index-1 case, all order conditions for the algebraic variables up to order $p$ have to be fulfilled for a method of order $p$ . CHORAL, an embedded charge-oriented method of order (2)3, is introduced and compared with DASSL and RODAS for two industrial applications, the NAND gate and the two-bit adding unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Plainsong and medieval music 7 (1998), S. 141-159 
    ISSN: 0961-1371
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Musicology
    Notes: Liturgical chant bibliography 7 continues the new format initiated last year in this journal: editions and facsimile editions; books, reprints; collections of essays, congress reports, chant periodicals, dictionaries; articles in periodicals and Festschriften. This year's bibliography begins with a list of additions to the previous bibliography. In the case of a few titles, the Lexicon Musicum Latinum (7053) or MGG (7059), for example, I have referred to publications listed in LitChBibl 6. Completing and facilitating access to the bibliography are separate indices of names, subjects and manuscripts
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Plainsong and medieval music 6 (1997), S. 151-174 
    ISSN: 0961-1371
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Musicology
    Notes: From 1992 to 1996 the Liturgical chant bibliography was compiled by Peter Jeffery. His new duties as professor of music at Princeton University will prevent him from continuing his valuable annual listing of chant scholarship. The new author of the bibliography and the editors of Plainsong & Medieval Music would like to take this opportunity to thank him for his unique contribution to this journal over the past four years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 108 (1975), S. 2279-2289 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Phosphorus-containing carbohydrates, XIV. Preparation of Crystalline Trimethoxyphosphonium Salts. A Two-Stage Michaelis-ArbuzovReaction under Mild conditions2-Chlorotetrahydropyrane (2) reacts with trimethylphosphite and antimony pentachloride at low temperatures to yield crystalline (tetrahydropyrane-2-yl)trimethoxyphosphonium hexachloroantimonate (5), which can be dealkylated gently to give dimethyl (tetrahydropyrane-2-yl)phosphonate (4). By alkylation of 4 with trimethyloxonium hexachloroantimonate 5 can be obtained alternatively. Protonation of dihydropyrane (1) with trifluormethanesulfonic acid and interception of the oxocarbenium ion with trimethylphosphite yields the corresponding trifluoromethanesulfonate 3. Corresponding reactions are performed with tetrahydrofurane derivatives. 1H, 31P, and 13C n.m.r. as well as mass spectra of all compounds are discussed.
    Notes: 2-Chlortetrahydropyran (2) reagiert mit Trimethylphosphit und Antimonpentachlorid bei tiefen Temperaturen zum kristallinen (Tetrahydropyran-2-yl)trimethoxyphosphonium-hexachloroantimonat (5), das milde zum (Tetrahydropyran-2-yl)phosphonsäure-dimethylester (4) dealkyliert werden kann. Durch Alkylierung von 4 mit Trimethyloxonium-hexachloroantimonat ist 5 ebenfalls zu gewinnen. Protonierung von Dihydropyran (1) mit Trifluormethansulfonsäure und Abfangen des Oxocarbenium-Ions mit Trimethylphosphit liefert das 5 entsprechende Trifluormethansulfonat 3. Mit den Tetrahydrofuranderivaten werden die entsprechenden Reaktionen durchgeführt. 1H-, 31P- und 13C-NMR- sowie die Massenspektren aller Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 3190-3200 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Phosphorus-containing Carbohydrates, XVI. Ring Expansion of Furanose Rings to 1,2λ5-OxaphosphorinanesThe Abramov reaction of 2,3:5,6-diO-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose (1) with dimethyl phosphite yields the blocked 1,2λ5-oxaphosphorinane 2 by intramolecular transesterification. The X-ray analysis of the tosylate 3 gives evidence of two types of symmetry independent molecules, A and B, in the unit cell. These differ in the relative position of the tosyloxy group and the hetero six-membered ring. The latter adopts a nearly ideal boat conformation B1,4(D) in A, and is twisted towards a scew conformation 2S4(D) in B. The phosphoryl oxygen is found in axial, the phosphono-methyl group in equatorial position. 1H NMR spectra at 270 MHz allow a complete assignment of all couplings. The conformation in solution is consistent with a slightly distorted boat conformation.
    Notes: Die Abramov-Reaktion von 2,3:5,6-Di-O-isopropyliden-α-D-mannofuranose (1) mit Dimethylphosphit führt unter innerer Umesterung zum blockierten 1,2λ5-Oxaphosphorinan 2. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse des Tosylats 3 ergibt zwei symmetrieunabhängige Moleküle A und B in der Elementarzelle. Die Tosyloxygruppe nimmt in beiden Molekülen unterschiedliche Stellungen zum Heterosechsring ein. Der Ring in A liegt in einer fast idealen Bootkonformation B1,4(D) vor, der Ring in B ist in Richtung auf eine Twistbootkonformation 2S4(D) verdreht. Der Phosphorylsauerstoff steht axial, die Phosphonomethylgruppe äquatorial. 1H-NMR-Spektren bei 270 MHz führen zur Aufklärung aller Kopplungsparameter. Die Konformation in Lösung entspricht einer leicht verdrillten Bootkonformation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Title: Scientific computing in electrical engineering . proceedings of the 3rd international workshop, August 20-23, 2000, Warnemünde, Germany; 18
    Contributer: VanRienen, Ursula , Günther, Michael , Hecht, Dirk , Rienen, U. van , Günther, M. , Hecht, D.
    Publisher: Berlin u.a. :Springer,
    Year of publication: 2001
    Pages: 424 S.
    Series Statement: Lecture notes in computational science and engineering 18
    Type of Medium: Book
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