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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylprednisolone versus prednisolone pharmacokinetics in relation to dose in adults (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 30 (1986), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: methylprednisolone ; prednisolone ; pharmacokinetics ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The disposition and plasma binding of methylprednisolone were examined in seven normal volunteers following the administration of 5, 20 and 40 mg of intravenous methylprednisolone sodium succinate. Methylprednisolone exhibits linear plasma protein binding averaging 77%. The mean plasma methylprednisolone clearance of 337 ml·h−1. kg−1 was independent of dose. The steroid appears to moderately distribute into tissue spaces with a mean volume of distribution of 1.41·kg−1. Methylprednisolone disposition parameters were compared with the non-transcortin bound parameters for prednisolone. The prednisolone plasma clearance based on the transcortin free-drug is similar to methylprednisolone total plasma clearance. However, the corrected volume of distribution of prednisolone is only one-half that of methylprednisolone. The disposition rate of these two steroids is thus similar, in spite of their metabolic control by different enzymatic pathways and major influence of saturable transcortin binding on prednisolone elimination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00541537
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ipratropium bromide nasal spray in non-allergic rhinitis: efficacy, nasal cytological response and patient evaluation on quality of life (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 24 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Intranasal fluorocarbon anticholinergic agents have been used to treat the nasal hypersecretion of perennial non-allergic rhinitis, but chronic use has been restricted either due to the potential for systemic anticholinergic adverse events or due to the irritating properties of the fluorocarbon metered dose formulations. This study evaluates a new aqueous nasal formulation of ipratropium bromide (Atrovent Nasal Spray 0.03%) in subjects with perennial non-allergic rhinitis in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Two hundred and twenty-eight patients were randomized to receive two sprays per nostril of either ipratropium bromide (42μ/nostril) or placebo-administered three times a day as an aqueous nasal spray over an 8-week interval. Patients were evaluated bi-weekly and maintained daily diaries for duration and severity of nasal symptoms. Ipratropium bromide reduced the mean severity and duration of rhinorrhoea within the first week and throughout the 8 weeks of active treatment compared with placebo (P 〈 0.05). Secondary endpoints of efficacy (patient and physician global assessments and a quality of life assessment) also supported the use of ipratropium bromide nasal spray for rhinitis symptom control. With the reduction in rhinorrhoea by the ipratropium bromide nasal spray, patients reported a marked improvement in daily moods vs placebo (P 〈 0.01). Both placebo and ipratropium bromide nasal spray induced a modest reduction of nasal congestion, sneezing and postnasal drip. This improvement in these other nasal symptoms was consistent with the known soothing effects of a nasal saline vehicle. There were no drug-related serious or systemic anticholinergic adverse events. The medication was well tolerated with side-effects limited to infrequent episodes of epistaxis and nasal dryness of mild intensity. Assessment for nasal rebound for 1 week after discontinuation of treatment showed no increase in nasal symptoms above the original baseline symptoms. These data indicate that ipratropium bromide administered as an 0.03% aqueous nasal spray, 42μg/nostril t.i.d., is a well tolerated and a highly effective medication for controlling the severity and duration of rhinorrhoea in perennial non-allergic rhinitis. This new aqueous formulation should provide an additional therapeutic agent to utilize for the chronic treatment of non-allergic rhinitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb02742.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local nasal immunotherapy for ragweed-allergic rhinitis (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 13 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In 1979, pre-seasonal local nasal immunotherapy (LNIT) was found to be an effective treatment for ragweed hay fever. In 1980. this study was continued to evaluate the clinical and immunologic responses of a second year of LNIT. Patients received either pre-seasonal treatment with an unmodified ragweed extract (RW) or a polymerized ragweed extract (PRW), or no treatment. The results of the second year of treatment were the same as the first year. Adverse reactions were significantly higher in the RW-treated group than in the PRW-treated group (P 〈 0.001), Symptom/medication scores (SMS) in the RW-treated group were significantly lower than in the control group (P 〈 0.005). Although SMS in the PRW-treated group were lower than in the control group, this difference was not significant. The immunologic response was evaluated by measurements of serum (S) RW-specific IgE and IgG and nasal secretory (NS) RW-specific IgE, IgG, and IgA, After treatment, serum IgE titres and secretory IgA titres rose in the RW-treated patients. Nasal secretory-IgG and NS-IgA titres increased with PRW treatment. The only immunologic response observed in the control group was a rise in S-IgE titres after the ragweed season. There was no substantial difference in immunologic measurements observed in the 1979 and 1980 seasons, except that the pre-treatment NS-IgE level was higher in 1980 (P 〈 0.02). No significant correlations were found between antibody response and SMS. This study supports the efficacy of LNIT but does not support the protective role for NS-ragweed-specific IgA or IgG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02632.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insect sting anaphylaxis in patients without detectable serum venom-specific IgE (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 15 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Following insect sting anaphylaxis, twenty-five patients of over 500 evaluated, did not have detectable serum venom-specific IgE. Twenty-two were evaluated within 1 year of the reaction, fifteen within 6 months. Anaphylaxis occurred in six patients after their first sting exposure. The clinical features of the sting reaction were typical of the reaction occurring in insect-allergic patients with serum venom-specific IgE. Eleven of the twenty-five patients had negative venom skin tests. These observations suggest that a non-IgE mechanism may be responsible for a minority of insect sting reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1985.tb03000.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of prolonged venom immunotherapy on serum venom-specific IgE and IgG (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 13 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Serum venom-specific IgE and IgG were monitored in twenty-three patients receiving venom immunotherapy for more than 3 years. Two response patterns of IgE antibody were found. Following initiation of therapy, seven patients had a rise in serum venom-specific IgE, peaking at one year, then decreasing. Sixteen patients had a persistent fall in IgE antibody titres following initiation of therapy. At the end of 3 years, levels of serum venom-specific IgE in both groups were comparable. The presence of atopy may have influenced the rising IgE antibody response.Serum venom-specific IgG either rose or remained elevated if the pretreatment titres were high. After several years of therapy, there was generally a decrease in serum venom-specific IgG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02604.x
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