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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 7 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It was shown previously that eosinophils are activated in vivo and in vitro by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (Garofalo et al., J Pediatr 1992: 120: 28–32; Kimpen et al., Pediatr Res 1992: 32: 160–4). For study of the interaction of eosinophils and RSV on the ultrastructural level, normodense eosinophils were purified from peripheral blood of healthy human volunteers. After incubation with RSV in the presence or absence of autologous serum, the eosinophils were examined with immunofluorescence microscopy employing an RSV–specific monoclonal antibody, and with transmission electron microscopy. After 2–h incubation in the presence of live RSV, 25. 6 ± 12. 9% of the eosinophils demonstrated positive fluorescence. This increased to 62. 8 ± 8. 9% when fresh autologous serum was added during incubation (P=0.015). The effect was abolished when the serum was heat–treated, indicating Fc–receptor–independent enhancement of viral uptake by the cells. In transmission electron microscopy, virions were seen in phagocytic vacuoles at the periphery of the cells. Eosinophil activation characterized by piecemeal degranulation was evident. In conclusion, activation of eosinophils during RSV bronchiolitis probably occurs in part by direct interaction of the cells with the virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia 1 (1996), S. 251-258 
    ISSN: 1573-7039
    Keywords: Human milk ; mammary gland ; cytokines ; immunology ; infancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Epidemiologic and immunologic studies of breastfed and nonbreastfed infants and investigations of certain biologic activities in human milk led to the identification of immunomodulating agents in human milk. Among them were the cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β); IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, epithelial growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), and TGF-β2. Inteferon-γ may originate from T cells in milk; EGF, TGF-α, TGF-β, M-CSF, IL-6, and IL-8 may be produced by mammary gland epithelium. Based upon their known functions, we hypothesize that cytokines influence the development and immunologic function of the mammary gland and the neonate. Thosein vivo functions remain to be defined by future investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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