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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of two microsatellite markers from BAC clones of the Vf scab resistance region and molecular characterization of scab-resistant accessions in Malus germplasm (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was developed to isolate microsatellite markers from large-insert genomic DNA clones of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries. The method is fast and economic since it does not require subcloning. It was applied to isolate a microsatellite marker from a BAC clone of the chromosomal region containing the apple scab resistance gene Vf. The Vf gene of Malus floribunda 821 is the most widely used source of scab resistance in apple breeding. A second microsatellite was found on the extremity of a BAC clone flanking the Vf locus. The two microsatellites allowed the identification of the presence of the Vf gene in the scab-resistant accessions M. micromalus SA573-3, ‘Golden Gem’, M. prunifolia 19651 and MA 16 not previously known to carry this gene. They were also used to verify the correctness of the published genealogical tree of the Vf cultivar ‘Florina’, in which a probable mistake was identified. This analysis shows the importance of genotyping the Vf locus when choosing scab-resistant germplasm as parents in breeding programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00973.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of reliable PCR markers for the selection of the Vf gene conferring scab resistance in apple (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 118 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Early selection of scab-resistant apple seedlings can be enhanced by the use of markers tightly linked to the Vf resistance gene. Two sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) markers have been obtained from previously described random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. AM19-SCAR is a codominant marker, while AM19-SCAR is dominant, as is the RAPD from which it was derived. A highly detailed map in the vicinity of the Vf gene was built through the cumulative analysis of about 600 seedlings from six different controlled crosses. The usefulness of these and other SCAR markers will be discussed in relation to combining the traditional phenotypic selection with MAS. The availability of two codominant, tightly linked markers flanking both sides of the resistance gene (AL07-SCAR and M18-CAPS) also makes it easy to identify the seedlings homozygous for the resistance gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.1999.118002183.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of a 550 kb BAC contig spanning the genomic region containing the apple scab resistance gene Vf (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 262 (1999), S. 884-891 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsVf ; Malus×domestica ; Resistance gene ; Chromosome walking ; Inverse PCR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A positional cloning project was started in apple with the aim of isolating the Vf resistance gene of Malus floribunda 821. Vf confers resistance against apple scab, the most important disease in apple orchards. A chromosome walk starting from two molecular markers (M18-CAPS and AM19-SCAR) flanking Vf was performed, using a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library containing inserts of the cultivar Florina, which is heterozygous for Vf. Thirteen BAC clones spanning the region between the two markers were identified in nine chromosome walking steps. The size of the resulting contig is approximately 550 kb. In order to map the Vf region in more detail, we analyzed over 2000 plants from different populations segregating for Vf with markers produced from BAC end sequences. In this way, we were able to restrict the possible location of the Vf gene to a minimum of five clones spanning an interval of approximately 350 kb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380051154
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similarity of maize and sorghum genomes as revealed by maize RFLP probes (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 10-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Sorghum ; Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ; Genetic maps ; Genomic structure ; Maize
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Densely saturated genetic maps of neutral genetic markers are a prerequisite either for plant breeding programs to improve quantitative traits in crops or for evolutionary studies. cDNA and genomic clones from maize were utilized to initiate the construction of a RFLP linkage map in Sorghum bicolor. To this purpose, an F2 population was produced from starting parental lines IS 18729 (USA) and IS 24756 (Nigeria) that were differentiated with regard to many morphological and agronomical traits. A total of 159 maize clones were hybridized to the genomic DNA of the two parents in order to detect polymorphism: 154 probes hybridized to sorghum and 58 out of these were polymorphic. In almost all of the cases hybridization patterns were similar between maize and sorghum. The analysis of the segregation of 35 polymorphic clones in an F2 population of 149 individuals yielded five linkage groups. The three principal ones recall regions of maize chromosomes 1, 3 and 5: in general, colinearity was maintained. A possible inversion, involving a long region of maize chromosome 3, was detected. Simulations were also performed to empirically obtain a value for the lowest number of individuals of the F2 population needed to obtain the same linkage data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223975
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Towards the map-based cloning of Vf: fine and physical mapping of the Vf Region (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 1012-1017 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Malus ×domestica ; Venturia inaequalis ; Malus floribunda ; Disease resistance ; Genetic map
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A map-based cloning scheme is being used to isolate the Vf resistance gene of apple against the fungus Venturia inaequalis. Vf is a major dominant gene that is inherited in a Mendelian manner and influenced by minor genes that modify its activity. The two recently published markers M18 and AL07, bracketing Vf, were tested on 1179 progeny plants of three crosses to fine-map Vf. M18 and AL07 were positioned at 0.2 cM and 1.1 cM from Vf respectively, for a total distance between the two markers of 1.3 cM. Physical mapping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, using M18 and AL07 as probes, demonstrated that both markers hybridize to a common 870 kb NotI restriction fragment. We therefore found a relationship between physical and genetic distance of 670 kb/cM in the Vf region. This led us to the conclusion that a chromosome walk using the recently published apple BAC library starting from M18 and AL07 is feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051409
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular selection in apple for resistance to scab caused by Venturia inaequalis (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Malus ; Molecular markers ; Apple scab ; Plant breeding ; Marker assisted selection ; Venturia inaequalis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Large-scale marker-assisted selection requires highly reproducible, consistent and simple markers. The use of genetic markers is important in woody plant breeding in general, and in apple in particular, because of the high level of heterozygosity present in Malus species. We present here the transformation of two RAPD markers, which we found previously to be linked to the major scab resistance gene Vf, into more reliable and reproducible markers that can be applied directly to apple breeding. We give an example of how the use of such markers can speed up selection for the introduction of scab resistance genes into the same plant, reducing labour and avoiding time-consuming test crosses. We discuss the nature and relationship of the scab resistance gene Vf to the one present in Nova Easygro, thought to be Vr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225746
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular selection in apple for resistance to scab caused by Venturia inaequalis (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Malus ; Molecular markers ; Apple scab ; Plant breeding ; Marker assisted selection ; Venturia inaequalis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Large-scale marker-assisted selection requires highly reproducible, consistent and simple markers. The use of genetic markers is important in woody plant breeding in general, and in apple in particular, because of the high level of heterozygosity present in Malus species. We present here the transformation of two RAPD markers, which we found previously to be linked to the major scab resistance gene Vf, into more reliable and reproducible markers that can be applied directly to apple breeding. We give an example of how the use of such markers can speed up selection for the introduction of scab resistance genes into the same plant, reducing labour and avoiding time-consuming test crosses. We discuss the nature and relationship of the scab resistance gene Vf to the one present in Nova Easygro, thought to be Vr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050266
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple sequence repeats for the genetic analysis of apple (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 1069-1076 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words SSR ; Microsatellite ; Plant breeding ; Molecular markers ; Germplasm ; Polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The development of highly informative markers, such as simple sequence repeats, for tagging genes controlling agronomic characters is essential for apple breeding. Furthermore the use of these markers is fundamental both for variety identification and for the characterisation and management of genetic resources. We have developed 16 reliable simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that amplify all alleles from a panel of 19 Malus x domestica (Borkh.) cultivars or breeding selections and from Malus floribunda 821. Those markers show a high level of genetic polymorphism, with on average 8.2 alleles per locus and an average heterozygosity of 0.78. Due to this high level of polymorphism, it was possible using two selected SSRs to distinguish all cultivars except Starking and Red Delicious. Ten of the markers we developed have been mapped on a RAPD linkage map, proving their Mendelian segregation as well as their random distribution in the apple genome. Finally, we discuss the importance of using co-dominant markers in outbreeding species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050841
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA markers linked to Malus floribunda 821 scab resistance (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 26 (1994), S. 597-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: apple ; DNA marker ; RAPD ; Venturia inaequalis ; Malus floribunda
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Breeding resistant apple plants is an alternative way to control fungal pathogens reducing the environmental impact due to the use of pesticides. The breeding of apple cultivars resistant to Venturia inaequalis could be much improved by marker-assisted selection. A molecular marker closely linked to the resistance locus called Vf could replace selection based on infection studies. To find such molecular markers, DNA of progenies from crossings of a resistant and a susceptible apple tree was subject to bulked segregant analysis. Two markers were found with a genetic distance of 10.6% and 19.7% recombination frequency to the Vf locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00013746
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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