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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences of cytochrome c fromChlamydomonas reinhardtii: Unexpected functional and phylogenetic implications (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1988), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; cytochrome c ; Nucleotide sequence ; Amino acid sequence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We have isolated complementary DNA (cDNA) clones for apocytochrome c from the green algaChlamydomonas reinhardtii and shown that they are encoded by a single nuclear gene termedcyc.Cyc mRNA levels are found to depend primarily on the presence of acetate as a reduced carbon source in the culture medium. The deduced amino acid sequence shows that, apart from the probable removal of the initiating methionine,C. reinhardtii apocytochrome c is syntheszed in its mature form. Its structure is generally similar to that of cytochromes c from higher plants. Several punctual deviations from the general pattern of cytochrome c sequences that is found in other organisms have interesting structural and functional implications. These include, in particular, valines 19 and 39, asparagine 78, and alanine 83. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by the matrix method from cytochrome c data for a representative range of species. The results suggest thatC. reinhardtii diverged from higher plants approximately 700–750 million years ago; they also are not easy to reconcile with the current attribution ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii andEnteromorpha intestinalis to a unique phylum, because these two species probably diverged from one another at about the same time as they diverged from the line leading to higher plants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143507
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The trans-spliced intron 1 in the psaA gene of the Chlamydomonas chloroplast: a comparative analysis (1995)
    Springer
    Current genetics 27 (1995), S. 270-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas chloroplast DNA Trans-spliced group-II intron ; tscA RNA ; tRNAIIe
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In the secondary structure model that has been proposed for the trans-spliced intron 1 in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii psaA gene, a third RNA species (tscA RNA) interacts with the 5′ and 3′ intron parts flanking the exons to reconstitute a composite structure with several features of group-II introns. To test the validity of this model, we undertook the sequencing and modelling of equivalent introns in the psaA gene from other unicellular green algae belonging to the highly diversified genus Chlamydomonas. Our comparative analysis supports the model reported for the C. reinhardtii psaA intron 1, and also indicates that the 5′ end of the tscA RNA and the region downstream from the psaA exon 1 cannot be folded into a structure typical of domain I as described for most group-II introns. It is possible that a fourth RNA species, yet to be discovered, provides the parts of domain I which are apparently missing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326160
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Directed disruption of the Chlamydomonas chloroplast psbK gene destabilizes the photosystem II reaction center complex (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 24 (1994), S. 779-788 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; chloroplast ; transformation ; photosystem II ; psbK
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Using particle gun-mediated chloroplast transformation we have disrupted the psbK gene of Chlamydomonas reihardtii with an aadA expression cassette that confers resistance to spectinomycin. The transformants are unable to grow photoautotrophically, but they grow normally in acetate-containing medium. They are deficient in photosystem II activity as measured by fluorescence transients and O2 evolution and they accumulate less than 10% of wild-type levels of photosystem II as measured by immunochemical means. Pulse-labeling experiments indicate that the photosystem II complex is synthesized normally in the transformants. These results differ from those obtained previously with similar cyanobacterial psbK mutants that were still capable of photoautotrophic growth (Ikeuchi et al., J. Biol. Chem. 266 (1991) 1111–1115). In C. reinhardtii the psbK product is required for the stable assembly and/or stability of the photosystem II complex and essential for photoautotrophic growth. The data also suggest that the stability requirements of the photosynthetic complexes differ considerably between C. reinhardtii and cyanobacteria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029859
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The two genes for the small subunit of RuBP Carboxylase/oxygenase are closely linked in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1986)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 6 (1986), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): rbcS ; ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase ; gene organization ; light regulation ; synthetic oligonucleotide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) is a key enzyme in the photosynthetic fixation of CO2 by the chloroplast. The synthesis of the enzyme is an example of the cooperation between the chloroplast and the nucleocytoplasmic compartments, as it is assembled from subunits encoded in the two respective genomes. I have used a synthetic oligonucleotide probe to isolate the nuclear Rubisco small subunit genes (rbcS) directly from a genomic library of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii DNA. They constitute only a small family: there are two rbcS genes, and an additional related sequence, in the C. reinhardtii genome. All three are clustered within 11kb at a single locus, and should thus be particularly well suited for genetic manipulation. The pattern of expression of rbcS RNA is dependent on the growth conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021302
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Trans-splicing mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 223 (1990), S. 417-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Chloroplast ; Photosystem I ; RNA processing ; Intron
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the three exons of the psaA gene are widely scattered on the chloroplast genome: exons 1 and 2 are in opposite orientations and distant from each other and from exon 3. The mature mRNA, encoding a core polypeptide of photosystem I, is thus probably assembled from separate precursors by splicing in trans. We have isolated and characterized a set of mutants that are deficient in the maturation of psaA mRNA. The mutants belong to 14 nuclear complementation groups and one chloroplast locus that are required for the assembly of psaA mRNA. The chloroplast locus, tscA, is remote from any of the exons and must encode a factor required in trans. The mutants all show one of only three phenotypes that correspond to defects in one or other or both of the joining reactions. These phenotypes, and those of double mutants, are consistent with the existence of two alternative splicing pathways.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264448
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Accumulation of chloroplast psbB RNA requires a nuclear factor in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 231 (1992), S. 449-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Chloroplast genes ; Chloroplast mRNA stability ; RNA 3′ inverted repeat ; Photosynthetic mutant
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We have isolated and characterized a nuclear mutant, 222E, in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which is defective in photosystem II (PSII). Polypeptide P5, the product of psbB, is not produced in this mutant, leading to a destabilization of other PSII components. The mutant specifically fails to accumulate psbB transcripts and displays an altered transcription pattern downstream of psbB. Pulse-labelling experiments suggest that mRNA stability and/or processing are affected by the alteration of a nuclear gene product in this mutant. We show that the C. reinhardtii psbB gene is co-transcribed with a small open reading frame that is highly conserved in location and amino acid sequence in land plants. The 5′ and 3′ termini of the psbB transcript have been mapped to 35 bases upstream of the initiation codon and approximately 600 bases downstream of the stop codon. The 3′ flanking region contains two potential stem-loops, of which the larger (with an estimated free energy of −46 kcal) is near the 3′ terminus of the transcript.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292715
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