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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 58 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The evolution of analytic formulas for characterizing the ultraviolet spectral ir-radiance penetrating to the ground is briefly described. Analytic spectral functions for the extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance, the ozone absorption coefficient, Rayleigh scattering coefficients and aerosol scattering and absorption coefficients, which are used as basic inputs, are given. With Beer's law, these give immediately the direct solar spectral irradiance. A ratio technique described in quantitative detail gives a procedure for calculating the skylight component of the UV radiation reaching the ground. The influence of ground reflectivity, clouds and a possible connection between photobiology and radiological physics are discussed. Finally the advantages of multiwavelength monitoring are described, using monochromators similar to those used in satellite ozone sounding to serve the needs of the photobiology and the atmospheric science communities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 26 (1984), S. 589-599 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A rich body of quantitative data is available from experiments at MIT on the devolatilization of coal at various temperatures and residence times in argon and at Brookhaven on flash pyrolysis of coal at various temperatures, residence times, and pressures in several nonreactive and reactive gases. We here attempt to develop a realistic representative molecular model of coal which is compatible with proximate and ultimate analysis of coal, x-ray diffraction and other analyses of coal structures, the MIT devolatilization data, and the Brookhaven pyrolysis data. The last set gives yields of the various gases methane, ethane, and ethylene; the light liquids benzene, toluene, and xylene; and of heavy liquids or tars. We propose molecular models and a reasonable kinetics which give encouraging results in realtion to these data. Our results suggest that further developments via quantum chemistry might provide a pathway to the understanding of coal pyrolysis and combustion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 547-554 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using a comprehensive set of electron cross sections, we have carried out a Monte Carlo study of the spatial and energetic aspects of electron degradation in the energy range from 30 eV to 1 MeV. The results are given in terms of a four-dimensional spatial yield spectral distribution. This is represented by a simple approximate analytic form which is convenient to use for calculating the spatial distribution of the initial species created due to electron energy degradation. We also investigate the sensitivity of these electron transport results to some of the input cross sections. We have specifically examined the influence of the assumed form of cross sections for vibrational states on the gross yields. We conclude that in transport calculations it is important to use approximate forms with reasonable asymptotic limits. Finally, we call attention to molecular processes which are important in microdosimetry but whose cross sections are particularly uncertain.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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