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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book review (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.012413.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Surface electrical capacitance as an index of epidermal barrier properties of composite skin substitutes and skin autografts (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science
    Wound repair and regeneration 3 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Restoration of the epidermal barrier is a requirement for burn wound closure. A rapid, reliable, and noninvasive measure of the rate of restoration of the epidermal barrier is not readily available. To monitor the reformation of the epidermal barrier, we measured surface electrical capacitance on cultured skin substitutes (human keratinocytes and fibroblasts attached to collagen-glycosaminoglycan substrates) and split-thickness skin autografts grafted to patients. Data were collected from four patients with burns and one pediatric patient with a congenital hairy nevus comprising 〉 60% total body surface area. Capacitance measurements were performed at days 7, 10, 12, 14, and 28 by direct contact of the capacitance probe for 10 seconds to the cultured skin substitutes or split-thickness autograft. On postoperative days 7, 10, 12, 14, 21, and 28, the surface electrical capacitance of cultured skin substitutes after 10 seconds of sampling was 2468 ± 268, 1443 ± 439, 129 ± 43, 200 ± 44, 88 ± 20, and 74 ± 19 picofarads (mean ± standard error of the mean), respectively. Surface electrical capacitance for split-thickness autograft on the same days was 1699 ± 371, 1914 ± 433, 125 ± 16, 175 ± 63, 110 ± 26, 271 ± 77 picofarads, respectively. Surface electrical capacitance in all of the grafts decreased with time. Cultured skin substitutes had approximately the same 10-second capacitance values as split-thickness autograft during 3 weeks of healing and approached values for uninjured skin (32 ± 5 picofarads) by 12 days. Measurement of surface electrical capacitance is a direct, inexpensive, and convenient index for noninvasive monitoring of epidermal barrier formation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1995.30406.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Capillary morphogenesis during healing of full-thickness skin grafts: An ultrastructural study (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science
    Wound repair and regeneration 3 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Biologic mechanisms by which skin grafts become revascularized after transplantation are poorly understood. To investigate graft revascularization, we examined the pattern of capillary growth in full-thickness skin grafts at serial time points. Full-thickness skin (2 × 2 cm) was excised to muscle fascia from the bilateral hind limbs of adult male Lewis rats. The graft/wound base boundary was identified by placement of a polypropylene mesh on the wound beneath the graft. Excised skin was replaced in its original orientation and secured with silk sutures tied over a gauze bolster dressing. After 3, 5, 7, and 10 days, animals were killed, and their aortas were cannulated and infused with an acrylic polymer to generate vascular casts. Grafts were excised, tissues were digested, and casts were examined with the use of scanning electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on tissues infused with the acrylic polymer that were not digested. At day 3, an immature lobular pattern was observed extending from the neovascular plexi on the graft side of the polypropylene mesh. At day 5, defined vessels with lobular ends occurred with high frequency. At day 7, the number of observed lobular structures was greatly reduced, and high frequencies of depressions in acrylic casts suggested protrusion of endothelial cell nuclei. By day 10, lobular structures were rare, well-defined microvascular plexi were contiguous with larger vessels, and depressions from endothelial cell nuclei appeared more shallow and less frequent. These findings suggest that (1) an immature lobular pattern representing either capillary outgrowth or extracapillary leakage occurs at day 3; (2) these immature lobules decrease, and more discrete capillaries increase by day 5; (3) vascular integrity is reestablished by day 7; (4) vascular plexi has regained full continuity, and there are suggestions that endothelial cell proliferation has subsided by day 10.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1995.30213.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Proteolytic activity in human burn wounds (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science
    Wound repair and regeneration 5 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Wound healing is the result of a dynamic balance between synthetic and degradative processes. After a burn, proteolytic activity increases at the wound site. Excised burn wounds and donor skin were examined from 20 pediatric burn patients, to determine which of two classes of neutral proteinases, serine or metalloproteinases, accounts for the majority of this proteolytic activity in these tissues; to examine messenger RNA expression of three of the principal enzymes and inhibitors of this class; and to measure enzymatic activity of two of these metalloproteinases. The majority of the increased proteolysis was due to metalloproteinases. By polymerase chain reaction assays, messenger RNAs for matrix metalloproteinase-1, -3, and -9 were strongly expressed in burn tissue and absent or weakly expressed in unburned skin. Messenger RNA for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and -2 was consistently present in burned and unburned skin. By zymography, there was a significant increase in matrix metalloproteinase-2 (twofold to threefold) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (20- to 30-fold) activity in burned versus unburned skin. We suggest that postburn there is an upregulation of some matrix metalloproteinases that exceeds the level of inhibitors with the net result of an increase in proteolysis in burned tissue. This increased proteolysis may play a role in wound repair and scar formation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1997.50404.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book review (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130115.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor on the healing of partial-thickness donor sites (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science
    Wound repair and regeneration 2 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A phase I/II clinical study was performed to evaluate the safety and potential efficacy of topical recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor on the healing of partial-thickness skin graft donor sites in burned children. Each child served as his or her own control. In a blinded and random fashion, one donor site was sprayed with basic fibroblast growth factor (5 µg/cm2) on days 0 to 4 after harvest, whereas the other site was treated with vehicle. Twelve patients were entered in the study but one patient died of sepsis that was unrelated to growth factor treatment. Of the remaining 11 patients, no adverse events related to basic fibroblast growth factor occurred. Serum basic fibroblast growth factor levels were never detected and antibody levels remained unchanged. No differences in the rate of epithelialization or days until complete closure were noted (basic fibroblast growth factor = 12.9 ± 3.9 days, placebo = 12.2 ± 5.5 days; mean ± standard error of the mean). No differences in pain, itching, wound fragility, erythema, scarring, or pigmentation were noted. All of the scars matured within 1 year with good to excellent results. Investigators, patients, or families could not distinguish between the two wounds. Although basic fibroblast growth factor proved safe, no enhancement of donor site healing was seen in this small study. Because the time for donor site healing limits subsequent autograft use in patients with sizeable burns, studies should focus on accelerating healing in patients with larger burns where donor site healing is delayed and reharvest is required.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1994.20205.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synergistic actions of platelet-derived growth factor and the insulin-like growth factors in vivo (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science
    Wound repair and regeneration 1 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Topical application of growth factors has been shown to benefit both normal and impaired wound healing. In normal tissue repair, resident cells produce a “cocktail” of various types of growth factors that overlap in function. In vitro studies have proved that growth factor combinations can act synergistically to enhance cellular function beyond that achieved with individual growth factors. To determine whether similar combinations have a synergistic effect in vivo, we applied growth factor combinations topically to full-thickness skin wounds created in genetically diabetic mice. The C57BL/KsJ-db/db mouse is obese and has insulin-resistant diabetes, and it has been proved that this mouse has markedly impaired wound healing. Topical application of platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-I, or insulin-like growth factor-II enhances healing in this model. Marked synergism was found when platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-II were combined to produce augmentation in wound closure beyond that achieved by application of the individual growth factors. The synergistic effect allowed for improved tissue repair at doses of platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-II that were ineffective when applied individually. The addition of insulin-like growth factor-I or insulin to platelet-derived growth factor produced no significant synergism. Because multiple growth factors are released in the wound during the healing process, it is not surprising that their combination further enhances healing. Growth factor combinations should become an important addition to the armamentarium for the treatment of chronic, nonhealing wounds.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1993.10206.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mouse models to study wound closure and topical treatment of infected wounds in healing-impaired and normal healing hosts (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science
    Wound repair and regeneration 5 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Full-thickness wounds were made on the backs of wound healing-impaired diabetic mice and their normally healing litter mates. The wounds were then inoculated with 104 colony-forming units of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In both cases, the inoculum increased rapidly to between 109 and 1010 colony-forming units/wound area. The infection caused a significant decrease in wound closure in the normally healing mice. In the wound healing-impaired diabetic mice, infection increased the size of the wound area over 100% by day 21. The wound became filled with inflammatory cells and serous fluid, and the mice lost significant amounts of weight, an additional sign of severe, ongoing infection. Early antimicrobial treatment of infected wounds in diabetic mice (1 hour after wounding and microbial inoculation) reversed the increase in wound size area, improved wound closure, and reduced to a significant degree the weight loss observed in untreated control mice. Delay in treatment for as little as 8 hours significantly reduces the efficacy of antimicrobial treatment. These models can be used to study the effects of infection as well as to determine the efficacy of topical antimicrobial and/or wound healing-enhancing substances on these wounds in both normally healing and healing-impaired hosts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1997.50213.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expression and localization of p53 and bcl-2 in healing wounds in diabetic and nondiabetic mice (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 8 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: In a healing wound, inflammatory cells undergo apoptosis immediately beneath the leading edge of migrating epithelium. A potential mediator of this apoptosis pattern is p53, a protein with antiproliferative effects. Another protein, bcl-2, is antagonistic to p53 and prevents apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression and location of p53 and bcl-2 mRNA and protein in healing wounds of normal and genetically diabetic mice. At various time points, full-thickness skin wounds from nondiabetic and diabetic mice were evaluated for p53 and bcl-2 by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Apoptosis patterns were also determined using the TUNEL method. Messenger RNA for p53 and bcl-2 were quantitated by competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Protein and mRNA for p53 were expressed in the leading edge of migrating epithelium, with apoptosis patterns closely following those of p53 production. p53 mRNA levels decreased soon after wounding, but after a few days, levels increased to greater than baseline. bcl-2 was localized to the wound epithelium, but relative amounts tended to oppose levels of p53, i.e, when p53 increased, bcl-2 decreased and vice versa. Wounds in diabetic animals showed a delayed onset of p53 mRNA expression but had persistently greater levels for longer periods of time. bcl-2 mRNA expression was further delayed in diabetic mice and did not develop to levels as high as p53. Production of both proteins was delayed, consistent with the mRNA expression. Our data show that immediately after wounding, bcl-2 increases and p53 decreases to allow for the cellular proliferation that is required for tissue repair. Over time, bcl-2 levels decrease while p53 levels increase to shut down the inflammatory process and down-regulate the proliferative response. Diabetic animals appear to lose the indirect relationship between p53 and bcl-2. This loss may contribute to the altered apoptosis patterns observed in diabetic healing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475x.2000.00045.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gelatinase activity in keloids and hypertrophic scars (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 7 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Keloids and hypertrophic scars are characterized by excessive deposition of collagen, which may result from insufficient protein degradation. Little is known about the levels of two gelatinases, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (72 kD type IV collagenase) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9; 92 kD type IV collagenase) in these abnormal scars. The purpose of this study was to determine levels of these proteinases in tissue from hypertrophic scars, keloids, and donor skin. Ten hypertrophic scar samples, 9 keloid samples, and 10 donor skin samples were frozen, pulverized, homogenized, clarified by centrifugation, and analyzed for matrix metalloproteinases by quantitative zymography. Identity of matrix metalloproteinases was determined using a conditioned media reference standard, molecular weight ladders, and Western blotting. Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity were very low or undetectable in all samples. However, matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity was significantly elevated in keloids and hypertrophic scars vs. donor samples: 2.6 and 3.9-fold increases for latent matrix metalloproteinase-2, 7.8 and 6.9-fold increases for active matrix metalloproteinase-2, respectively. We conclude that little matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity (the gelatinase involved in early tissue repair) is present in keloids and hypertrophic scars, while matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity (the gelatinase involved in prolonged tissue remodeling) is present in donor skin and is significantly increased in hypertrophic scars and keloids.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1999.00166.x
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