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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Multiple myeloma ; Plasma cell leukemia ; Cytogenetics ; Cytology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cytogenetic studies in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and plasma cell leukemia (PCL) have in general been largely unsuccessful. The investigation of mitoses of nonmalignant hematopoietic precursor cells, rather than mitoses of malignant plasma cells might account for the low percentage of pathological genetic findings. We investigated bone marrow (BM) cells of 51 patients both cytogenetically and cytologically. In patients with a normal karyotype (n=39) nearly all mitoses examined cytologically (107/117) derived from granulopoietic or erythropoietic cell lineages. In contrast, 20/27 metaphases in patients with a pathological karyotype (n=12) were found to be plasma cell mitoses. These findings may explain the low rate of chromosomal rearrangements in MM and may suggest that the real abnormality rate is considerably higher.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Mobilization CD34+ cells ; G-CSF ; Malignant lymphoma ; Peripheral stem cell support
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We investigated the feasibility of mobilizing peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) with G-CSF alone in 24 patients with multiple myeloma. The median age was 53 years (range 33–62). All patients had stage II/III disease and responded to standard first-line (n=6) or salvage chemotherapy (n=18). The median number of previous chemotherapy cycles was 7 (4–18) and the median number of prior melphalan-cycles was 6 (0–14). Nine (35%) patients had experienced prior radiation therapy. The patients received either 10 μg/kg G-CSF (n=18) or 24 μg/kg G-CSF (n=7, including one patient with previous 10 μg/kg G-CSF stimulation) daily s.c. for 5 or more consecutive days until completion of harvesting, starting apheresis on the fifth day. G-CSF treatment was well tolerated, with only slight bone pain in half of the patients (51%). After a median of three (range 1–7) apheresis procedures, medians of 3.8 (0.3–17)×106 CD34+ cells/kg, 8.5 (4.5–24)×108 MNC/kg, 2.9 (0.6–39.4)×104 CFU-GM/kg, and 5.6 (0.9–49)×104 BFU-E/kg were harvested. Three patients (12%) with extensive melphalan pretreatment failed the target collection of at least 2.0×106 CD34+ cell/kg. Pretreatment with six or more cycles of melphalan yielded a smaller number of CD34+ cells than pretreatment with fewer than six cycles (2.5 vs 5.3×106/kg;p=0.001). Nineteen patients underwent high-dose chemotherapy consisting of either total marrow irradiation (9 Gy)/busulfan (12 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) (n=10), or busulfan (14 mg/kg)/cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) (n=5), or tandem melphalan (200 mg/m2). The median time for granulocyte (〉1.0/nl) and platelet (〉50/nl) recovery was 10 and 14 days (ranges 7–12 and 8–40), respectively. G-CSF alone is a safe, alternative approach to mobilizing sufficient PBSC in patients with multiple myeloma and allows an exact prediction of harvest time. G-CSF-mobilized PBSCs ensure rapid engraftment after myeloablative therapy. Melphalan treatment should be avoided in patients who are candidates for high-dose chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Key words Flow cytometry – platelets – antigen – rotablation – PTCA ; Schlüsselwörter Durchflußzytometrie – Thrombozyten – Antigen – Rotablation – PTCA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zu den bis heute erfolgslimitierenden Faktoren der interventionellen kardiologischen Verfahren zählen die akute und subakute Okklusion und die Restenose. Bei den genannten Komplikationen sind aktivierte Thrombozyten maßgeblich beteiligt. In dieser Studie wurde mittels der Durchflußzytometrie der Einfluß der Rotablation auf die Expression von Thrombozytenantigenen analysiert. Als Kontrollgruppe wurde ein Patientenkollektiv mit alleiniger PTCA untersucht. Es wurden die Fluoreszenzexpressionen der Strukturantigene CD41a (GPIIb–IIIa) und CD42b (GPIb-V–IX), der aktivierungsabgängigen Epitope CD62p (P-Selektin, PADGEM, GMP-140) und CD63 (GP53) und die Bindung von Fibrinogen vorher, direkt nach der Prozedur und dreißig Minuten nach Ende der Prozeduren gemessen. CD41a und CD42b zeigten keine signifikanten Veränderungen im Verlauf von PTCA oder Rotablation (PTCA: CD41a p=0,8 und 0,9; CD42b p=0,5 und 0,2; Rotablation: CP41a p=0,2 und 0,2; CD42b p=0,4 und 0,1). Direkt im Anschluß an die PTCA bzw. Rotablation ließen sich signifikante Anstiege der MCFI-Werte (mean channel fluorescence intensity) von CD62p, CD63 und der Bindung von Fibrinogen nachweisen (p〈0,05). Dreißig Minuten nach Ende der Verfahren zeigten sich signifikante Anstiege der MCFI bei der PTCA (CD62p, CD63 und Fibrinogenbindung, alle p〈0,05), nicht aber bei der Rotablation (CD62p p=0,1; CD63 p=0,9; Bindung von Fibrinogen p=0,5). Die MCFI-.Werte für CD62p und die Bindung von Fibrinogen waren bei der Rotablation höher als bei der PTCA. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, daß es bei der Rotablation zur signifikanten Thrombozytenaktivierung kommt, die stärker ausgeprägt ist als bei alleiniger PTCA. Zum Nachweis der Aktivierung ist die Durchflußzytometrie als sensitives, spezifisches, multiparametrisches Meßverfahren geeignet. Die Aktivierung von Thrombozyten ist Teil einer komplexen Kaskade, die nach einer Intervention im behandelten Koronargefäß abläuft und zu einer überschießenden vaskulär-molekulären Entzündungsreaktion und klinischen Problemen bei einigen Patienten führen kann.
    Notes: Summary Acute occlusion and subacute restenosis of the coronary artery are still the limiting factors of the otherwise successful interventional cardiology. Platelets and especially activated platelet populations play a key role concerning these typical and sometimes fatal complications. In this study we used flow-cytometry to determine the influence of the modern interventional technique of rotablation on platelet antigens and their possible alteration. A PTCA control group was included. We analyzed the fluorescence expression of structural antigens CD41a (GPII–IIIa) and CD42b (GPIb-V–IX), and of the activation-dependent antigens CD62p (P-selectin, PADGEM, GMP-140) and CD63 (GP53). Furthermore we analyzed the binding of fibrinogen to the platelet flow-cytometrically. CD41a and CD42b did not show significant alternations in fluorescence before, directly after and thirty minutes after finishing PTCA and rotablation (PTCA: CD41a p=0.8 and 0.9; CD42b p=0.5 and 0.2; rotablation: CD41a p=0.2 and 0.2; CD42b p=0.4 and 0.1). But platelet activation could be detected directly after PTCA and rotablation measuring the mean channel fluorescence intensity (MCFI) of CD62p, CD63 and fibrinogen binding (all p〈0.05). Thirty minutes after finishing the procedures there were again significant changes in MCFI in PTCA (CD62p, CD63, fibrinogen binding; all p〈0.05), but not in rotablation (CD62p p=0.1; CD63 p=0.9; fibrinogen binding p=0.5). But MCFI for CD62p and fibrinogen binding in rotablation was higher than in PTCA. The results of our study show that rotablation also induces significant platelet activation that is higher than in PTCA alone. Flow cytometry is a sensitive and specific, multiparametric tool in establishing platelet activation. The individual platelet activation process is part of a complex cascade of events happening in the rotablated coronary segment leading to a vascular-molecular inflammatory process and consecutive clinical problems in some patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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