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Digitale Medien

A randomized, double-blind comparison study of EMLA® and ELA-Max® for topical anesthesia in children undergoing intravenous insertion (2004)

KOH, JEFFREY L ; HARRISON, DALE ; MYERS, ROBERT ; [weitere]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Pediatric anesthesia 14 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1460-9592

Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Background : Topical anesthetics may help reduce discomfort associated with procedures involving needle-puncture, such as intravenous (i.v.) insertions, in children. EMLA® cream has become a common, noninvasive therapy for topical anesthesia in children. ELA-Max® is a recently introduced topical anesthetic cream marketed as being as effective in producing topical anesthesia after a 30-min application as EMLA® is after a 60-min application. The purpose of this research was to compare ELA-Max® at 30 min with EMLA® at 60 min for providing topical anesthesia for i.v. insertions in children.Methods : Sixty children, ages 8–17 years, requiring an i.v. were randomized to receive either the 30 min application of ELA-Max® (n = 30) or the 60 min application of EMLA® (n = 30). Children rated any pain associated with the i.v. insertion using a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The anesthesiologist assessed the presence of blanching at the site and rated the difficulty of placing the i.v.Results : There was no clinically or statistically significant difference in pain ratings (P = 0.87) between the ELA-Max® (mean = 25.7) and the EMLA® (mean = 26.8) groups. ELA-Max® caused significantly (P = 0.04) less blanching than EMLA®, however there was no difference in the anesthesiologists’ rating of the difficulty of the i.v. placement between the groups (P = 0.73).Conclusion : Results from this study support the claim that a 30-min application of ELA-Max® (with occlusion) is as effective as a 60-min application of EMLA® (with occlusion) for producing topical anesthesia for i.v. insertion in children.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2004.01381.x

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Digitale Medien

Trends in alcoholism among male doctors in Scotland (1994)

HARRISON, DALE ; CHICK, JONATHAN

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Addiction 89 (1994), S. 0

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ISSN: 1360-0443

Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Thema: Medizin , Psychologie

Notizen: Alcohol abuse within the medical profession has long been an issue of concern. Recently, the General Medical Council reported that half of the doctors reported for health difficulties liable to affect professional competence were found to have an alcohol problem. This paper examines how rates of alcoholism among male doctors in Scotland have changed over the last three decades. Admission and discharge rates for doctors to psychiatric inpatienl beds with diagnoses of alcoholism are compared with non-medical professions, for the years 1963–87. The results, assessed in the light of changing Standardized Mortality Rates for liver cirrhosis for the medical profession, suggest that doctors as a group remain at a higher risk of alcoholism compared to other professionals, but that this increased risk appears to be largely accounted for by a cohort of heavy-drinking doctors over the age of 45 years.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03762.x

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