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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small subcortical infarcts and primary subcortical haemorrhages may have different risk factors (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 425-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Lacunes ; Subcortical infarcts ; Subcortical haemorrhages ; Cerebrovascular diseases ; Stroke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Primary subcortical haemorrhages (SCH) and small Subcortical infarcts (SSI) arise from changes in penetrating perforating arteries. The aim of this study was to compare cerebrovascular risk factors between patients with SCH and patients with SSI. Of 396 patients with a first-ever stroke (226 males; 170 females; median-age: 63), 108 had SSI, and 64 SCH, with or without subcortical infarcts co-existing. Patients with SCH were less likely to have current atrial fibrillation or associated non-lacunar infarcts, but they were more likely to have arterial hypertension (except after exclusion of patients with co-existence of SSI and SCH) and alcoholism, and they were significantly younger and had lower leukoaraiosis scores. The independent factors for SCH were alcoholism, arterial hypertension and lack of significant internal carotid artery stenosis. The only independent factor for SSI was leukoaraiosis score. Hypertension was the most important risk factor in both groups, but its prevalence was higher in the SCH group. Whether patients will develop SSI or SCH probably depends on associated risk factors such as alcohol consumption. Further studies should also take into account the characteristics of arterial hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00873544
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    White matter magnetic resonance imaging hyperintensity in Alzheimer's disease: correlations with corpus callosum atrophy (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 243 (1996), S. 231-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: White matter ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Alzheimer's disease ; Corpus callosum ; Signal hyperintensity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously demonstrated with MRI that as well as marked white matter involvement in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), atrophy of the corpus callosum may also be present. This finding prompted us to study possible correlations between atrophy of the corpus callosum and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and between white matter lesions and the severity of the disease. We compared the corpus callosum and white matter lesions on MRI from 15 AD patients and 15 controls. The white matter lesions were scored according to the Scheltens' rating scale. We found a significant reduction of the area of the corpus callosum and more severe white matter lesions in AD patients than in controls. Both atrophy of the corpus callosum and the severity of lesions depended mainly on the diagnosis of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type and on age but not on the diagnosis of presenile AD. We demonstrated a negative correlation between white matter lesions scores and areas of corpus callosum in AD patients and no correlation between the white matter lesions and the severity of the disease. We demonstrated that white matter lesions including WMH and atrophy of the corpus callosum are more frequent in AD than in controls. The predominance of white matter lesions in senile AD may be explained by the combination of aging and disease processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00868519
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Medial temporal lobe atrophy in memory disorders (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 244 (1997), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Computed tomography ; Hippocampal atrophy ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Memory disorders ; Dementia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Medial temporal lobe atrophy determined by temporal lobe oriented computed tomography (CT), 1 year before death, is strongly associated with histopathologically confirmed Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of medial temporal lobe measurement for the diagnosis of AD in patients referred to a memory disorders clinic, especially those at an early stage of the disease. CT oriented to the temporal lobe was performed in 333 subjects aged 41–93 years consecutively recruited in a Memory Disorders Clinic: 124 had probable AD, Mini Mental State score (MMS) = 17 (8); 50 possible AD [MMS = 21 (5)]; and 119 patients had miscellaneous memory disorders [MMS = 22 (7): frontotemporal lobe dementia, subcortical dementia, cortical Lewy body disease, vascular dementia, Korsakoff syndrome, focal atrophy, etc.]. There were also 19 anxious/ depressed patients [MMS = 29 (1)] with normal performance on memory tests, and 21 controls. The minimum width of the medial temporal lobe was measured. The best cut-off to distinguish AD patients from non-AD patients was 11.5 mm, in agreement with data in the literature. At this threshold, 84% of probable AD patients had a positive test and 90% of controls and anxious/depressed patients had a negative test. For the diagnosis of probable AD, sensitivity of the measurement was 0.81, specificity 0.95, predictive positive value 0.99, predictive negative value 0.45, and diagnostic accuracy 0.83. The test was positive in half the possible AD patients, and half those with miscellaneous memory disorders. It was negative in all anxious/depressed patients. Therefore, temporal lobe oriented CT might be a valuable tool for assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy in AD routine practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050069
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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