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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 13 (1979), S. 233-244 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Tubulin:tyrosine ligase ; Microtubules ; Cytoskeleton ; Tubulin post-translational modification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The post-translational addition of tyrosine toa-tubulin, catalyzed by tubulin:tyrosine ligase, has been previously reported in mammals and birds. The present study demonstrated that significant ligase activity was present in representative organisms from several other major vertebrate classes (chondrichthyes through reptiles) and that both substrate and enzyme from all vertebrates investigated were compatible with mammalian ligase and tubulin in the tyrosination reaction. None of the invertebrate tissues examined showed incorporation of tyrosine, phenylalanine or dihydroxyphenylalanine intoa tubulin under conditions allowing significant incorporation of these compounds in vertebrate supernatant samples. The failure of invertebrate tubulin to incorporate tyrosine in vitro did not appear to be due to saturation of the carboxyl terminal position with tyrosine or the presence of a soluble inhibitor of ligase activity. Although tubulin amino acid composition has been highly conserved throughout evolution, a major evolutionary divergence is described based upon biochemical differences whereby invertebrate tubulin cannot be tyrosinated or posttranslationally modified with phenylalanine or dihydroxyphenylalanine under conditions suitable for the incorporation of these compounds by vertebratea tubulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 10 (1990), S. 41-49 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) technique is attractive for instantaneous and non-intrusive imaging of species concentration in gaseous flows. This paper provides a framework for determining the experimental resolution in PLIF experiments and gives error estimates for concentration measurements in turbulent jet mixing experiments using biacetyl as the molecular tracer. The procedures to correct for experimental artifacts in the PLIF images are outlined. Images of the instantaneous, average, rms, and dissipation of concentration in a turbulent jet are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.20Ka ; 47.40.Ki ; 47.70.Fw
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An instantaneous temperature imaging technique for chemically reacting, supersonic flows over bodies is described and demonstrated in a H2/O2/Ar shock tube flow (M=1.3, 0.7 atm, 1760K freestream). Based on a planar fluorescence measurement, the approach uses a two-line rotational population ratio to infer temperature. The measured 2-d temperature profiles qualitatively match the expected flowfield structure around the blunt body, and the temperature increase across the bow shock in a single-shot measurement agrees within 5–10% of the prediction of a 1-d shock analysis. The significant systematic error sources for the technique are detailed, and the random error effects associated with shot-noise-limited fluorescence images are statistically analyzed to identify transitions which minimize the temperature errors for instantaneous and average measurements. Even for average temperature measurements, the analysis predicts errors which can be as large as 5–10% when noisy fluorescence images are used in conjunction with low temperature sensitivity. In general, temperature errors can be reduced by increasing sensitivity, i.e., the energy separation of the two rotational levels, until the fluorescence shot-noise rises to a value of 30–50% within the temperature range of interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 557-559 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Aerosol seeding of gas flows by laser-induced particle formation is demonstrated. A pulsed Nd:YAG laser (1.06 μ) is used to optically break down a mixture of SF6 and H2 in an inert carrier gas. Small sulfur particles form quickly and can be used to visualize gas flows by Mie scattering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 98 (1994), S. 4770-4771 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 95 (1991), S. 183-191 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 1715-1717 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have applied laser-induced fluorescence diagnostics to expanding recombining barium plasmas produced by laser ablation. For relatively modest ablation laser energy fluences (∼102–103 W cm−2), we have measured neutral barium leading edge density gradients of 1012–0.5×1013 cm−3 cm−1 and cloud expansion velocities of ∼106 cm s−1, consistent with recent results of ablation studies in copper [R. J. von Gutfeld and D. W. Dreyfus, Appl. Phys. Lett. 54, 1212 (1989)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 13 (1992), S. 369-376 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper explores the use of acetone as a suitable tracer in planar laser-induced fluorescence concentration measurements in gaseous flows. The photophysics and physical properties of acetone relevant to its use as a fluorescent marker are discussed and compared to those of alternative molecular tracers, particularly the biacetyl molecule. Finally, as a direct example, concentration images obtained in a turbulent air jet seeded alternatively with acetone and biacetyl are compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 5 (1987), S. 240-246 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Broadband fluorescence of iodine, excited at 514.5 nm by a single-mode argon-ion laser tuned to the quasi-linear part of an absorption line, was used to detect the Doppler shift and hence the velocity of iodine molecules seeded in a nitrogen jet flow. The slope of the absorption line profile was measured directly using a frequency shift introduced by acoustooptic modulators (AOMs). A velocity of 36 m/s was measured in a jet of N2 at 60 Torr in 2 ms with an accuracy of 11%. To reduce experimental noise, the laser beams were switched at 125 KHz and signal-tuned amplification was used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 10 (1990), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Laser-induced fluorescence of iodine seed molecules can be used for both flow visualization and accurate measurements of gasdynamic properties. This paper gives an introductory review of the use of iodine in experimental fluid mechanics, including basic formulas for saturated and non-saturated fluorescence (excited with narrowband or broadband lasers), line shape, line strength and quenching behavior. Techniques for the seeding of the molecules into the gas flow and the safe handling of the gas are discussed. Finally, a simple numerical example is given for the calculation of absorption and fluorescence signals with discussion of the measurement of gasdynamic properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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