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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 76 (1970), S. 47-50 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A complex system of growth inhibition is present in the green algae (Volvocaceae). Inhibitors are found in the culture filtrates of some genera which limit their own growth (autoinhibition) while others in the family produce inhibitors which check the growth of other genera (heteroinhibition). These inhibitors are destroyed by autoclaving.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 294 transitions were measured by velocity modulation spectroscopy using a difference frequency laser system with a D2/O2 discharge and assigned to the ν3 (antisymmetric stretch) band of D3O+. A simultaneous analysis of this data with the ν2 band spectra reported by Sears, et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 83, 2676 (1985)] yielded a refined set of parameters for both the ground and the excited states of both bands. The ν3 bandcenters are 2629.6512(39) and 2624.2376(47) cm−1 for the s–s and a–a inversion components, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 9 (1973), S. 21-32 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On présente les valeurs exactes du facteur d'intensité de contrainte dans le cas d'une fissure circulaire périphérique où des charges concentrées opposées sont directement appliquées sur ses surfaces. Ce résultat s'applique au cas de la fissure semi-infinie, dans un corps infini, des charges concentrées étant appliquées à la fissure. On suggère ensuite une procédure permettant d'obtenir la fonction tridimensionnelle approchée de Green à partir du résultat plan correspondant, et ce pour tout cas de fissure droite dans un corps infini et élastique. On détermine selon cette procédure les fonctions de Green pour une fissure de longueur finie dans un corps infini, et on l'utilise ensuite, à l'aide d'un processus de découpage, à l'obtention des fonctions tridimensionnelles approchées de Green pour des tôles d'épaisseur fine et de surface infinie, comportant des fissures de dimensions finies. Les résultats obtenus par l'application des fonctions tridimensionnelles de Green aux problèmes de traction et de flexion des plaques sont comparés aux solutions proposées antérieurement. Il résulte de cette comparaison que la procédure suivie fournit des résultats satisfaisants pour autant que les gradients de contrainte suivant l'épaisseur ne soient pas excessifs. Toutefois, pour vérifier d'une manière exacte la validité du processus de découpage qui a été adopté, il est nécessaire d'attendre que des progrès plus substantiels aient été accomplis en matière d'analyse tridimensionnelle des fissures.
    Abstract: Zusammenfasung Es werden exakte Werte für den Spannungsintensitätsfaktor im Falle eines kreisförmigen Oberflächenrisses, wobei die Rißoberflächen konzentrierten und entgegengesetzten Belastungen direkt unterworfen sind. Dieses Ergebnis ist anwendbar auf den Fall eines halbunendlichen Risses in einem Körper unendlicher Abmessungen, wobei der Riß konzentrierten Beanspruchungen unterworfen ist. Anschließend wird ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, welches es ermöglicht die dreidimensionale angenäherte Funktion von Green aus dem entsprechenden planen Ergebnis zu ermitteln und dies für den Fall eines beliebigen geraden Risses in einem elastischen Körper unendlicher Größe. Nach diesem Verfahren werden die Green'schen Funktionen für einen Riß endlicher Größe in einem unendlichen Körper bestimmt. Dieser wird anschließend dazu benutzt um mit Hilfe eines Unterteilungsverfahrens die angenäherten dreidimensionalen Green'schen Funktionen für Feinbleche unendlicher Oberfläche mit Rissen endlicher Abmessungen zu ermitteln. Die unter Anwendung der dreidimensionalen Green'schen Funktionen auf die Probleme von Zug- und Biegebe-anspruchung von Platten erzielten Ergebnisse, werden mit den schon früher vorgeschlagenen Lösungen verglichen. Dieser Vergleich zeigt, daß der vorgeschlagene Weg befriedigende Lösungen ergibt, sofern die Spannungsgradienten über die Dicke des Bleches nicht übermässig groß sind. Um jedoch die Gültigkeit des angewandten Unterteilungsverfahren exakt zu prüfen, sind bedeutende Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der dreidimensionalen Analyse von Rissen noch erfordert.
    Notes: Abstract Exact results for the stress intensity factor are presented for an external circular crack with oppositely directed concentrated loads applied to the crack surfaces. This result is specialized to the case of a semi-infinite crack in an infinite body with concentrated loads on the crack. A procedure is then suggested by which one can obtain from the corresponding plane result the approximate three-dimensional Green's function (concentrated load result) for any straight crack in an infinite elastic body. This procedure is used to determine the Green's functions for a finite-length crack in an infinite body, and is then used in conjunction with a suggested “slicing” procedure to obtain approximate three-dimensional Green's function for plates of finite thickness and infinite extent, containing finite length cracks. Previously existing solutions for crack problems are compared with results obtained by application to plate tension and bending problems of the three-dimensional Green's functions. The results indicate that the procedure yields satisfactory results when stress gradients through the plate thickness are not excessive. However, an accurate assessment of the validity of the slicing procedure awaits further progress in three-dimensional crack analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 14 (1974), S. 71-81 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The application of acoustic emission to the detection of fatigue-crack propagation in 7075-T6 aluminum and 4140 steel is investigated. The relationship between crack-growth rate, cyclic stress-intensity factor, load-cycling rate and observed acoustic-emission behavior is presented. Crack-growth rates of less than 10−6 in./ cycle could be detected, and acoustic-emission counts per cycle were shown to be closely related to the energy released by crack extension per cycle. A quantitative relationship for the threshold conditions for detection of fatigue-crack growth is presented which agrees with experimental test results. The results also showed that fatigue-crack growth occurs in an accelerating and decelerating manner, even though the stress-intensity range remains uniform, and that the count rate posses through a peak that is believed to be associated with a plane strain-plane stress transition. The effects of instrumentation sensitivity and frequency bandpass are also investigated. The results obtained indicate that acoustic-emission techniques should be suitable for in-service monitoring of a variety of cyclically loaded structures, even in the presence of high background noises.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 17 (1977), S. 347-353 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A technique for measuring the energy sensed at an acoustic-emission transducer is presented that utilizes a squaring circuit and digital integrator. Theoretical relationships between energy and other more conventional acoustic-emission parameters, such as counts and RMS voltage, are derived for certain idealized cases. Experimental results from the following types of tests are presented: (1) unflawed tensile (‘continuous’ emission); (2) precracked stress-corrosion cracking; (3) precracked fracture toughness; and (4) fatigue-crack growth. Energy, counts, RMS-voltage, energy/event and counts/event measurements are included. In the case of unflawed tensile specimens, energy techniques appeared somewhat superior to counts. In all other cases, a direct relationship between counts and energy was obtained. Energy measurements tended to give a larger weight to higher amplitude events. Other than this, energy measurements appeared to have no advantage over counts. The theoretical relationship predicted between energy/event and count/event agreed quite well with experimental observations. Overall, the test results presented indicate that energy techniques provide no significant advantage over counting threshold crossings in cases in which crack extension in metals is the primary source of acoustic emission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 7 (1967), S. 434-440 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Transient displacement and strain distributions in the vicinity of running-crack tips were determined experimentally in centrally notched magnesium plates. The moiré-fringe technique was used together with a Q-spoiled laser which was the light source for single-flash photography. The specimen was designed such that net-section yield occurred prior to fracture and, thus, the crack propagated through the yielded region. Displacement distributions in the vicinity of such running-crack tips were found to vary as $$\sqrt r $$ for radial distances as close asr=0.08 in. Transient moiré-fringe patterns were then differentiated graphically to obtain longitudinal strain distributions in the vicinities of running-crack tips. These transient-displacement and transient-strain distributions were compared with equivalent static results. For this ductile material, both the transient and static results showed qualitative agreement with the displacement and strain distributions in an infinitely elastic plate in the region ahead of the crack tip. For the region above the crack tip, the transient and static results differed appreciably.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 5 (1967), S. 799-802 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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