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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cutaneous blood flow measurements: A standardization of the microsphere assay for vasoactive agents (1978)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 8 (1978), S. 504-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Other studies have shown that the number of isotopically labelled microspheres localized in a region, following injection into the left heart, is a function of the relative blood flow to that region. The present studies show that the number of 10 μ size113Sn-labelled microspheres impacted in skin and various organs of rabbits under urethane anesthesia is directly proportional to the number of injected, over a wide range, with no evidence of saturation of the microcirculatory bed. At the lowest dose tested, there were 300 microspheres per skin site and at the highest dose an equalsized skin site contained 15,000 microspheres. Saline-injected test sites assayed 45 min after injection were not significantly different from uninjected sites. It was found that a standardized 177 mm2 area of skin received 0.023±0.001% of the cardiac output. To assay various agents for their effect on dermal blood flow and to determine the time course of the effects, it was convenient to express the radio-activity of the test site as a ratio relative to the average radio-activity of uninjected skin sites. Standard errors less than 10% of the mean could be obtained when 13×106 microspheres were injected into the left heart via a catheter in the carotid artery, providing 4 to 6 replicate test sites were averaged. It was possible to directly compare lesions from groups of animals. Enhanced blood flow was produced by the injection of histamine and bradykinin. The effect was transient and subsided by 20 min. Prostaglandin E1 was the most potent mediator tested and its action lasted between 1–2 h. Casein, calcium pyrophosphate, carrageenan, endotoxin and glycoge were injected and their effect assayed at the arbitrary time of 100 min. Casein produced a 3-fold enhancement of blood flow. Calcium pyrophosphate gave a positive but mild (less than 2-fold) effect. The other agents had no effect. The intradermal injection of adrenalin significantly reduced the blood flow to normal skin, but this effect was confined to the site and did not affect adjacent test sites. The most pronounced blood flows were obtained following the injection of Freund's complete adjuvant and the flow to such sites was 6 to 9 times normal, from 1 to 14 days after injection. Triprolidine-HCl administered systemically significantly depressed the blood flow to normal skin, but this was overcome by the intradermal injection of casein, bradykinin and PGE. This assay has potential application to study the kinetics and the inhibition of this fundamental component of the inflammatory response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02111437
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The modulation of enhanced vascular permeability by prostaglandins through alterations in blood flow (hyperemia) (1976)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 6 (1976), S. 705-711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The enhanced vascular permeability induced by histamine or bradykinin in the skin of the guinea-pig and rabbit was significantly augmented by small amounts of prostaglandins of the E type. When injected alone these prostaglandins had little effect on vascular permeability. Furthermore, E type prostaglandins were found to be more potent at inducing hyperemia than either histamine or bradykinin. Prostaglandin F2α did not enhance the vascular permeability induced by histamine or bradykinin nor did it produce hyperemia in the skin. In the rat, prostaglandins alone enhanced vascular permeability but they also increased the effect of histamine, serotonin and bradykinin. Using85Sr-microspheres to measure blood flow a correlation was found between the degree of hyperemia produced by prostaglandins and the degree to which they augmented enhanced vascular permeability due to histamine, serotonin or bradykinin. Prostaglandins therefore can directly mimic the hyperemia of the inflammatory process and can also modulate the changes in vascular permeability caused by other mediators of inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02026092
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The modulation of vascular permeability by prostaglandins through their effect on blood flow (Hyperemia) (1976)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 6 (1976), S. 285-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01972237
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of Budd-Chiari syndrome (1994)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 19 (1994), S. 325-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Budd-Chiari syndrome ; MR study ; Liver, MR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A retrospective study was undertaken to reassess the various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS). MRI examinations of 22 patients with pathologically confirmed BCS were studied. Spin-echo (SE) T1- (TR = 300–450 ms/TE = 12–15 ms), and SE T2-weighted (TR = 1600–2000 ms/TE = 30–60/90–120 ms) MRI images were obtained in all patients. Gradient-recalled-echo (GRE) images (TR = 7–60 ms/TE = 3–19 ms, flip angle = 10–40°) were obtained in 14 patients. MRI showed thrombosis of three or two hepatic veins in 19 (86%) and 3 (14%) patients, respectively. Spontaneous intrahepatic anastomoses was depicted in five (23%) patients. Ascites appeared in 15 patients (68%). Thrombosis or external compression of the inferior vena cava (IVC) by an enlarged caudate lobe was depicted in six (27%) and five (23%) patients, respectively. Prominent azygos and hemiazygos veins were demonstrated in seven (32%) patients (six of whom had thrombosis of the IVC). MRI showed hepatomegaly in all patients and enlarged caudate lobe in 18 (82%) patients. SE T1- and SE T2-weighted MRI images revealed inhomogeneous signal intensity of hepatic parenchyma in 14 (64%) patients. SE T1- and SE T2-weighted MRI images showed homogeneous signal intensity of hepatic parenchyma in eight (36%) patients. Our results demonstrate that BCS displays various features on MRI images, and such information is important for diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198189
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical mediator demand – a novel rapid alternative for measuring biochemical oxygen demand (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 53 (2000), S. 613-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) test (BOD5) is a crucial environmental index for monitoring organic pollutants in waste water but is limited by the 5-day requirement for completing the test. We have optimised a rapid microbial technique for measuring the BOD of a standard BOD5 substrate (150 mg glucose/l, 150 mg glutamic acid/l) by quantifying an equivalent biochemical mediator demand in the absence of oxygen. Elevated concentrations of Escherichia coli were incubated with an excess of redox mediator, potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), and a known substrate for 1 h at 37 °C without oxygen. The addition of substrate increased the respiratory activity of the microorganisms and the accumulation of reduced mediator; the mediator was subsequently re-oxidised at a working electrode generating a current quantifiable by a coulometric transducer. Catabolic conversion efficiencies exceeding 75% were observed for the oxidation of the standard substrate. The inclusion of a mediator allowed a higher co-substrate concentration compared to oxygen and substantially reduced the incubation time from 5 days to 1 h. The technique replicates the traditional BOD5 method, except that a mediator is substituted for oxygen, and we aim to apply the principle to measure the BOD of real waste streams in future work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051666
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF POSTMORTEM AGING ON CHICKEN MUSCLE FIBRILS (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 38 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1973.tb02129.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    POLYACRYLAMIDE DISC GEL ELECTROPHORESIS OF FRESH AND AGED CHICKEN MUSCLE PROTEINS IN SODIUM DODECYLSULFATE (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 38 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1973.tb02130.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF AGING ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACTOMYOSIN FROM CHICKEN BREAST AND LEG MUSCLE (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 37 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1972.tb02634.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF POSTMORTEM AGING ON CHICKEN MUSCLE LIPIDS (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 38 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Neutral lipids of fresh chicken breast muscles are shown to be triglycerides, sterols and sterol esters with only traces of mono- and diglycerides and free fatty acids. Phospholipids include measurable quantities of phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl serine, sphingomyelin, diphosphatidyl glycerol, lysophosphatidyl choline and lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine. Fatty acid analyses of several of the lipid fractions are also included. Decreases in phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine coupled with increases in lysophosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine and free fatty acids after 48 hr postmortem in the cold indicate phospholipase A activity concurrent with other postmortem changes. The significance of the results is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1973.tb02847.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF POSTMORTEM AGING ON CHICKEN BREAST MUSCLE SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 38 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: FSR (fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum) isolated from chicken breast muscle (Pectoralis major) at 0 hr, 48 hr and 7 day postmortem was purified using linear density gradient centrifugation. The Ca++accumulating ability of the FSR was found to increase with postmortem aging. No loss in ATPase activity was noted nor was any significant change observed in the SDS-gel electrophoresis patterns of the proteins with postmortem aging. The FSR from the aged muscle contained a higher proportion of phospholipids These studies indicate that the Ca++ sequestering properties of sarcoplasmic reticulum from chicken breast muscle are not impaired during postmortem aging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1973.tb02848.x
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