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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered expression of antithrombotic molecules in human glioma vessels (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words: Antithrombin-III – Heparan sulfate – Proteoglycan – Thrombomodulin – Vascular endothelium – Malignant glioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A total of 14 surgical specimens, including 7 glioblastomas, 3 anaplastic astrocytomas, 2 brains adjacent to glioblastoma and 2 grossly normal brains, were investigated immunohistochemically for the expression of antithrombin III (AT-III), heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and thrombomodulin (TM) in the endothelium of microvessels. The immunoreaction to AT-III was of moderate intensity in grossly normal brains, brains adjacent to glioblastoma, and anaplastic astrocytomas, but was only weak in glioblastomas, especially in the capillaries. The immunoreaction to HSPG was constantly intense in the microvessels in all the specimens. Although the immunoreaction to TM was negative or only faint in the microvessels in grossly normal brains, it was moderately to strongly intense in anaplastic astrocytomas and brains adjacent to glioblastoma. The intensity of immunoreaction to TM was variable, from faint to strong in the capillaries, and moderate to strong in larger microvessels in glioblastomas. The present study suggested that the alterations in the expression of those antithrombotic molecules could explain, at least in part, the tendencies for intratumoral hemorrhage as well as intravascular thrombosis in the different areas of malignant gliomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386257
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification of Astroprotein (Astrocyte-Specific Cerebroprotein) by Reversed-Phase C-1 HPLC (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 44 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: A method for purification of astroprotein (an astrocyte-specific cerebroprotein) with HPLC is described. A linear gradient from 30 to 70% acetonitrile in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (pH 2.2) was applied to the re-versed-phase C-l (particle size 10 μm) column. Cerebroproteins from the crude extract from human glioma were clearly separated by this procedure. Highly purified astroprotein was homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and has immunoreactivity to antiserum against astroprotein. Reversed-phase C-1 HPLC offers advantages over previously available preparative techniques in the higher purity and better separation time of the products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb12915.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fate of Jimpy-Type Oligodendrocytes in Jimpy Heterozygote (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 62 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: In the jimpy mutant mouse, as well as in many other animals with mutations in the myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) gene, Oligodendrocytes degenerate before their maturation. To analyze whether this degeneration is caused by the loss of function of PLP gene products related to oligodendrocyte maturation/survival acting extrinsically, expression of the PLP gene was investigated in the jimpy heterozygote, in which one-half of the cells are jimpy type and the other half are wild type due to random Xchromosome inactivation. We first showed that jimpy PLP gene expression is normally regulated at the early stages of development in brains of jimpy hemizygotes and heterozygotes, at least to day 2 after birth. However, the great increase in the level of PLP gene transcripts observed in wild-type mouse brain is suppressed in jimpy mouse brain. This increase was also suppressed in the jimpy heterozygote, and by 2 months after birth, very few jimpy-type PLP gene transcripts were detected in heterozygotes. These results indicate that jimpy-type Oligodendrocytes cannot survive or are still in the immature stage in the brain of jimpy heterozygotes. Thus, degeneration of jimpy Oligodendrocytes is not caused merely by the lack of trophic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62051887.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Acetylcholine Release in the Striatum of Anesthetized Rats Using In Vivo Microdialysis and a Radioimmunoassay (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 57 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A vertical-type in vivo microdialysis probe and a sensitive, specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) were used to study the mechanism of acetylcholine (ACh) release in the striatum of anesthetized rats. Without the use of physostigmine, a cholincsterase inhibitor, our RIA could still detect the amount of ACh present in the perfusate (5.6 ± 0.6 fmol/min, n = 16). Tetrodotoxin (1 μM) produced a significant decrease in the amount of ACh collected in the perfusate, suggesting that basal ACh determined under the present experimental conditions was related to cholinergic neural activity. Atropine (0.1–1 μM) applied topically via the dialysis probe did not affect the amount of ACh recovered in the perfusate in the absence of physostigmine. Addition of physostigmine (10 μM) to the perfusion fluid produced about a 100-fold increase in the amount of ACh collected. In the presence of physostig mine, topical administration of atropine and pirenzepine (0.01–1 μM) through a dialysis probe produced a further three-to fourfold increase in ACh output, whereas a slight increase was produced by AF-DX 116 at the highest concentration (1 μM). These results indicate that presynaptic modulation of ACh release in the striatum does not occur under basal conditions, and that presynaptic M, muscarinic receptors are involved in the modulation of ACh release when the ACh concentration is raised under certain conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08233.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new mutation of the L1CAM gene in an X-linked hydrocephalus family (1996)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 12 (1996), S. 742-747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: X-linked hydrocephalus ; L1CAM ; Gene mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract X-linked hydrocephalus is a genetic form of hydrocephalus that frequently occurs in males. It is characterized by ventricular dilatation, mental retardation, deformity of the thumb and spastic paraparesis. Recently, 23 different mutations of the gene for the neural cell adhesion molecule, L1CAM, located at chromosome region Xq28, have been reported, 16 of which were detected in families with X-linked hydrocephalus. We sequenced the coding region of the L1CAM gene of patients from two different families with X-linked hydrocephalus and found a novel mutation at nucleotide residue 1963 in one family. This mutation from adenine to guanine results in an amino acid change from lysine to glutamic acid at residue 655 of the L1CAM protein, which belongs to the fibronectin type III domain. We report another method for the rapid identification of the mutation based on the polymerase chain reaction. This mutation was not detected among 70 X chromosomes from a healthy population. Ours is the first report demonstrating this gene mutation in X-linked hydrocephalus in an Asian population. Our findings further emphasize the evolving genotypic heterogeneity in X-linked hydrocephalus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261591
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibronectin-mediated cell migration promotes glioma cell invasion through chemokinetic activity (1997)
    Springer
    Clinical & experimental metastasis 15 (1997), S. 538-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Keywords: adhesion ; chemokinesis ; fibronectin ; glioma invasion ; motility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to investigate the biological role of fibronectin in glioma cell invasion, we studied the relation between migratory responses or adhesiveness of glioma cells to fibronectin and the in vitro invasion in three human malignant glioma cell lines, A172, T98G and U373MG. All these cell lines chemotactically migrated in a dose-dependent manner to fibronectin in concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 10 µg/ml, with A172 cells showing the strongest migration and U373 cells the weakest. Checkerboard analyses demonstrated that A172 and T98G cells showed much stronger chemokinetic responses to fibronectin than U373MG cells. In contrast to the migratory responses, A172 and U373MG cells showed an almost equally high adhesion to fibronectin and T98G cells a low adhesion. The degree of expression of the integrin α5 subunit correlated well with the strength of glioma cell adhesion to fibronectin rather than that of migration to the molecule. Furthermore, the cell adhesion to fibronectin was almost completely inhibited by arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-containing peptides, but the fibronectin-stimulated cell migration was only partially inhibited. An in vitro invasion assay disclosed that U373MG cells invaded the artificial basement membrane barrier the most and A172 cells the least. However, addition of fibronectin to the glioma cells markedly enhanced the invasive activity of A172 and T98G cells but had little effect on that of U373MG cells. These results indicate that fibronectin-stimulated migration can be one of the factors promoting invasiveness of glioma cells and that the chemokinetic activity of fibronectin may play a crucial role in glioma invasion through conferring motor-driving force on the glioma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018422926361
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of fibronectin-stimulated tumor cell migration in glioma invasion in vivo: clinical significance of fibronectin and fibronectin receptor expressed in human glioma tissues (1998)
    Springer
    Clinical & experimental metastasis 16 (1998), S. 729-741 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Keywords: fibronectin ; fibronectin receptor ; malignant glioma ; invasion ; cell migration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to clarify the role of fibronectin in glioma invasion in vivo, we analyzed the relationship between fibronectin-stimulated cell migration and adhesion in 14 primary glioma cells and the expression of fibronectin and the fibronectin receptor in the corresponding tumor tissues. The tumors comprised nine glioblastomas (GB) and five anaplastic gliomas (AG) consisting of two astrocytomas, two oligoastrocytomas and one ependymoma. All glioma cells tested in the primary cell culture were found to migrate to fibronectin in a dose-dependent manner. The extent of cell migration to fibronectin was not significantly different for the GB and AG groups. On the other hand, cell adhesion to fibronectin in the AG was much stronger than that in the GB group. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that fibronectin positively stained in the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) in eight cases and that the fibronectin receptor was positive in tumor cell membranes in 10 cases. In addition, cellular fibronectin isoforms containing ED-A and ED-B sequences were found to be immunolocalized in the tumor cells and the ECM of GB. These isoforms were also specifically expressed in tumor vessels within tumor tissues, but not in those within normal brain tissues. Cell migration tended to be expressed more strongly by glioma cells derived from tumor tissues in which fibronectin was posi-tively immunolocalized in the ECM than from tissues with negative fibronectin in the ECM. Four glioma cells derived from GB whose tumor cells did not positively stain for fibronectin receptors migrated much less extensively to fibronectin than other glioma cells whose tissues showed positive staining for the fibronectin receptor. Of these four GB, two had loss of heterozygosity in the locus of fibronectin receptor b1 gene. These results suggest that fibronectin deposited in the extracellular matrix of tumors, which can be derived from both plasma and the tumor cell itself, strongly promotes the migration of glioma cells, and that expression of the fibronectin receptor may play a critical role in the biological behavior of the tumor cells, particularly in fibronectin-stimulated cell migration in vivo.© Kluwer Academic Publishers 1998
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006532812408
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered expression of antithrombotic molecules in human glioma vessels (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Antithrombin-III ; Heparan sulfate proteoglycan ; Thrombomodulin ; Vascular endothelium ; Malignant glioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 14 surgical specimens, including 7 glioblastomas, 3 anaplastic astrocytomas, 2 brains adjacent to glioblastoma and 2 grossly normal brains, were investigated immunohistochemically for the expression of antithrombin III (AT-III), heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and thrombomodulin (TM) in the endothelium of microvessels. The immunoreaction to AT-III was of moderate intensity in grossly normal brains, brains adjacent to glioblastoma, and anaplastic astrocytomas, but was only weak in glioblastomas, especially in the capillaries. The immunoreaction to HSPG was constantly intense in the microvessels in all the specimens. Although the immunoreaction to TM was negative or only faint in the microvessels in grossly normal brains, it was moderately to strongly intense in anaplastic astrocytomas and brains adjacent to glioblastoma. The intensity of immunoreaction to TM was variable, from faint to strong in the capillaries, and moderate to strong in larger microvessels in glioblastomas. The present study suggested that the alterations in the expression of those antithrombotic molecules could explain, at least in part, the tendencies for intratumoral hemorrhage as well as intravascular thrombosis in the different areas of malignant gliomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386257
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemotherapy of malignant gliomas (1984)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 7 (1984), S. 3-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Chemotherapy of gliomas ; pharmacokinetics ; cell kinetics — clinical studies — side-effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chemotherapy of malignant glioma has been discussed in relation to recent advances in experimental and clinical studies. It is now obvious that chemotherapy is of increasing importance in the multidisciplinary treatment of malignant gliomas. Survival time of patients was prolonged by intensive and prolonged chemotherapy and by second treatment upon tumour recurrence. Further progress of chemotherapy will be gained by the progressive accumulation of all experiences, however small, in all the varied routes of approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01743285
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interferon Yield and MHC Antigen Expression of Human Medulloblastoma Cells and Its Suppression During Dibutyryl Cyclic AMP-Induced Differentiation: Do Medulloblastoma Cells Derive from Bipotent Neuronal and Glial Progenitors? (1998)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 18 (1998), S. 497-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: medulloblastoma ; CNS ; interferon ; differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1. Human medulloblastoma (ONS-76), a central nervous system (CNS)-derived undifferentiated cell line, was found to possess glial characteristics as defined by responses in the interferon (IFN) system; ONS-76 cells produced as much IFN-β as human fibroblast and glioma cells by viral infection and poly(I):poly(C) induction. 2. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens were also induced under IFN-β stimulation. ONS-76 cells expressed neurofilament protein, as shown by Northern blot analysis, and morphological differentiation was induced by dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dcAMP). 3. Expression of IFN-β and MHC class I antigens was suppressed in ONS-76 cells during the dcAMP-induced differentiation. 4. These results showed that ONS-76 cells possessed a glial properly in IFN system responses and a neuronal property in cytoskeleton protein, suggesting that the precursors of medulloblastoma may be characterized as bipotent neuronal and glial progenitors in CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026327309345
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