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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Storage of acidophilic granules in the pituitary in experimental hyperglycaemia (1970)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 6 (1970), S. 373-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Alloxan diabetes ; pituitary and diabetes ; growth hormone ; morphometry ; karyometry ; chronic hyperglycaemia ; free fatty acids ; Syrian hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons étudié l'influence d'un état d'hyperglycémie chronique sur la morphologie hypophysaire avec des méthodes morphométriques et karyométriques. L'hyperglycémie était induite par de faibles doses d'alloxane et maintenue pendant 25 à 37 jours. Dans un groupe, elle a été potentialisée par une pancréatectomie partielle d'au moins 50%, avant l'administration d'alloxane. Nous constatons une augmentation du volume des cellules hypophysaires acidophiles chez les animaux hyperglycémiques (p 〈 0.005). D'autre part, le volume des noyaux de ces cellules est nettement diminué, ce qui indique une réduction de l'activité nucléaire. La combinaison d'une augmentation de volume cellulaire et d'une réduction de l'activité nucléaire traduit une accumulation secondaire d'hormone plutôt qu'une hypersécrétion. Il s'agit probablement de l'hormone de croissance, dont l'importance dans le métabolisme des glucides et des lipides est bien connue.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Mit morphometrischen und karyometrischen Methoden haben wir die Bedeutung der Acid-ophilenvermehrung in der Hypophyse bei chronischer Hyperglykämie experimentell untersucht. Bei Goldhamstern wurde diese während 25 –37 Tagen mit Alloxan erzeugt. In einer Gruppe wurde die Alloxanwirkung potenziert durch vorherige partielle Pankreatektomie. In der Hypophyse war die Vermehrung des totalen Acidophilenvolumens ausgeprägt (p〈0.005). Hingegen waren durchschnittlich die Kerne dieser Zellform deutlich verkleinert. Diese Kombination von Kernverkleinerung und Volumenvermehrung weist auf erhöhte Hormonspeicherung hin und nicht auf Mehrsekretion. Wahrscheinlich ist das gespeicherte Hormon vorwiegend Wachstumshormon. Dessen Bedeutung für Zucker-und Fettstoffwechsel ist unbestritten und diese Speicherung scheint bei chronischer Hyperglykämie eine funktioneil wichtige Bedeutung zu haben.
    Notes: Summary Pituitaries of Syrian hamsters with and without chronic hyperglycaemia were studied with morphometric and karyometric methods. The hyperglycaemic state was induced by low doses of alloxan, and maintained for 25 to 37 days. It had been potentiated in one group by a resection of at least 50% of pancreatic tissue prior to alloxan administration. A marked rise in the volume of the acidophils was found (p〈 0.005). On the other hand, the karyometric studies revealed a definite diminution of the mean nuclear area of the acidophils in the diabetic animals, indicating decreased activity. The combination of an increase in mass of acidophils and a decrease in their nuclear activity supports the theory of an increased storage rather than hypersecretion of a hormone. The hormone which was stored in the acidophils is probably identical with growth hormone. If we consider the role of this hormone in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, such a storage in chronic hyperglycaemia seems to be of importance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01212068
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Struktur des Tubulussystemes in menschlichen Hoden (1973)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 139 (1973), S. 217-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Testes, human ; Seminiferous tubules ; Arrangement of seminiferous tubules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An Hoden von menschlichen Feten und Neugeborenen wurde der Versuch unternommen, das Kanälchensystem auf Grund der Kontrolle von Serienschnitten räumlich darzustellen. Leider ist das wegen der zahlreichen Verzweigungen und Verschlingungen der Kanälchen nur grob schematisch möglich. Die Untersuchungen bestätigen aber, daß es sich auch beim Menschen entsprechend den vor allem bei Tieren erhobenen Befunden vorwiegend um Tubulusschlingen handelt, die an beiden Enden in das Rete testis münden. Die Schlingen sind jedoch vielfach verzweigt und bilden damit ganze Bogensysteme und netzartige Strukturen. Blind endende isolierte Kanälchen und blind endende Seitenästchen kommen bei menschlichen Feten und Neugeborenen dagegen kaum vor.
    Notes: Summary Testes of human fetuses and newborns are controlled by serial sections, in order to demonstrate the form and arrangement of the tubular system. Unfortunately, this cannot be done but in a rugh schematic way because of the numerous branchings and coilings of the seminiferous tubules. Nevertheless, our investigations confirm that the tubules from also in human fetuses and newborns essentially arch-like structures with both ends returning to the rete testis as already stated by others, especially in animals. However, these arches show frequent branchings, composing therefore some kind of an arch-system or a network. Single, blindly ending tubules and blindly ending side-branches are hardly seen in human fetuses and newborns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00523640
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geschlechtschromatinkörper in Mammatumoren verschiedener Differenzierungsgrade (1966)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 44 (1966), S. 375-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 44 benign tumor like mammary lesions and 68 mammary carcinomas were studied histologically regarding the number of sex-chromatin positiv or negativ nuclei. Special attention was payed to the relation between the degree of histological tumor differentiation, the rate of sex-chromatin positiv nuclei and the frequency of multiple sex-chromatin bodies in the same nucleus. In cases of mammary carcinoma two histologically different tumor areas were controlled and compared with each other and with the tumor free surrounding connective tissue. In cases of benign mammary lesions only one tumor area was examined. The amount of sex-chromatin positiv nuclei shows a much bigger variation in carcinomas than in benign tumors. The differences between different areas of the same malignoma are smaller in higly differentiated tumors than in poorely differentiated neoplasmas. Multiple sex-chromatin bodies are less frequent in benign tumors or highly differentiated carcinomas than in undifferentiated neoplasms. Some carcinomas have an increased, others a decreased amount of sexchromatin positive nuclei compared with the connective tissue of the same tumor. However tumor groups with an excessively high rate of sex-chromatin positiv nuclei or with a more or less complete loss of sexchromatin positiv nuclei are not found. Areas with increased or distinctely decreased numbers of sexchromatin positiv nuclei occure within the same malignoma. Therefore the expression “male” or “female” in relation to the histology of breast carcinomas seems not to be justified.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es werden 44 Fälle gutartiger Mammaveränderungen und Geschwülste und 68 Fälle bösartiger Mammatumoren in bezug auf ihren Gehalt an Geschlechtschromatinkörpern geprüft. Insbesondere wird nach Beziehungen zwischen Gehalt an Sexchromatinkörpern und histologischem Differenzierungsgrad der verschiedenen Carcinome und der unterschiedlich differenzierten Areale innerhalb des gleichen Carcinoms gesucht. In gutartigen Geschwülsten werden je ein Bindegewebe- und ein Tumorareal, in den malignen je ein Bindegewebe- und zwei Carcinomareale ausgezählt, die sich im histologischen Differenzierungsgrad deutlich unterscheiden. Es zeigt sich, daß der Gehalt an geschlechtschromatinpositiven Kernen in Carcinomen viel größere Arealunterschiede als in gutartigen Tumoren aufweist und daß die Werte in stark entdifferenzierten Carcinomarealen etwas stärker streuen als in hochdifferenzierten Geschwülsten. Es kommt sowohl zu einem Verlust wie auch zu einer Vermehrung an sexchromatinpositiven Kernen. Die Streuung ist kontinuierlich, d. h. es fehlt eine hiatusförmige Aufteilung in zwei Tumorformen mit nur hohem oder nur niedrigem Gehalt an sexchromatinpositiven Kernen. Auch die Anzahl der Kerne mit multiplen Sexchromatinkörpern nimmt mit steigender Entdifferenzierung zu. Die Bezeichnungen „männlich“ und „weiblich“ für Carcinomgewebe der Brustdrüse sind unseres Erachtens nicht gerechtfertigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01745927
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vermehrung der argentaffinen Zellen des Meerschweinchenduodenums nach intraperitonealer Injektion von Angiotensin (1968)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 1168-1170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The influence of angiotensin (Hypertensin CIBA) on the argentaffine cells of guinea-pigs has been controlled. In a first group 10 animals were injected intraperitoneally with 1µg Hypertensin dissolved in 0.2 ml of a 0.9% NaCl solution. 10 animals were injected with 0.2 ml 0.9% NaCl solution only. After 1 hour the animals were sacrificed. The number of argentaffine cells in the animals treated with Hypertensin was approximately 100% higher as compared with the controls. In a second experiment the time dependency was tested on 36 Hypertensin treated animals. There resulted a sharp rise of the number of argentaffine cells 30 min after the injection (165% of the controls) and a slow declination after 1 hour to reach the values of the controls after 24 hours. A third group of 20 guinea-pigs was exposed to a stress before treatment. 10 of them had Hypertensin injected, 10 saline. The values of the argentaffine cells in treated and untreated animals were both the same. The striking fact is that these two numbers of the third experiment are about the same ones as the values of argentaffine cells in treated animals of the groups 1 and 2.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Einfluß von Hypertensin (CIBA) auf das argentaffine System lebender Meerschweinchen untersucht. Eine erste Serie von 10 Tieren erhielt je eine intraperitoneale Injektion von 1µg Hypertensin gelöst in 0,2 ml einer 0,9% igen NaCl-Lösung. 10 Meerschweinchen, die mit 0,2 ml reiner physiologischer Kochsalzlösung gespritzt wurden, dienten als Kontrolle. 1 Std nach der Injektion wurden die Tiere getötet. Die Zahl der argentaffinen Zellen war bei den behandelten Tieren um ungefähr 100% höher als bei den Kontrolltieren. In einer zweiten Gruppe wurden 36 Meerschweinchen in der gleichen Weise mit Hypertensin behandelt. Fünf unbehandelte Tiere dienten als Kontrolle. Je 5 der behandelten Tiere wurden nach 30 min, 1, 2 und 4 Std getötet, je 4 nach 6, 8, 16 und 24 Std. Die Zahl der argentaffinen Zellen stieg nach 30 min auf 165% des Kontrollwertes und sank dann langsam ab. Nach 24 Std war der Ausgangswert wieder erreicht. Eine dritte Gruppe von 20 Tieren war vor dem Versuch einem Stress ausgesetzt. Die Zahl argentaffiner Zellen war bei den 10 mit Hypertensin behandelten und bei den 10 Kontrolltieren gleich groß, wobei diese Werte allerdings den erhöhten Durchschnittswerten der mit Angiotensin behandelten Meerschweinchen der Gruppe 1 und 2 entsprechen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01712961
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    General and renal toxicity of phenacetin, paracetamol and some anti-mitotic agents in the rat (1972)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 28 (1972), S. 225-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Toxicity of Caffeine ; Toxicity of Nitrite ; Toxicity of Isophthalanilide ; Toxicity of Mercaptopurine ; Growth Rate of Rats ; Methemoglobinemia in Rats ; Hemolytic Anemia in Rats ; Stained Urinary Cells ; Renal Functions in Rats ; Red Blood Cell Counts in Rats ; White Blood Cell Counts in Rats ; Urinary Dilution ; Clearance of Free Water ; Osmolar Clearance ; Maximal Urinary Osmolarity ; Proteinuria in Rats ; Hemolysis Induced by i.v. Water ; Coffein: Toxicität ; Caffeinum: Toxicität ; Nitrite: Toxicität ; Isophthalanilid: Toxicität ; Mercaptopurin: Toxicität ; Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit von Ratten ; Methämoglobinämie bei Ratten ; Hämolytische Anämie bei Ratten ; Gefärbte Harnsedimente ; Nierenfunktionen der Ratte ; Erythrocyten: Zahl bei der Ratte ; Leukocyten: Zahl bei der Ratte ; Harnverdünnungsmechanismus ; Clearance des freien Wassers ; Osmotische Clearance ; Maximale Harnosmolarität ; Proteinurie bei der Ratte ; Hämolyse durch i.v. Wasserinjektion bei der Ratte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die allgemeine und renale Toxicität von großen Dosen von Phenacetin, Paracetamol und potentiell nephrotoxisehen Antimitotica, sowie anderen üblichen Bestandteilen von analgetischen Mischpräparaten wurde an Ratten in 30–60 Tage-Versuchen untersucht. Phenacetin und Paracetamol hemmten Futteraufnahme und Wachstum. 800–1200 mg/kg · Tag Paracetamol tötete mehr Tiere als 1500–3000 mg/kg · Tag Phenacetin. Die beiden Analgetica und das Antimitoticum Isophthalanilid riefen hyperchrome Anämie hervor. Phenacetin verursachte mehr Methämoglobinämie als Paracetamol. Weder dieser Analgetica, noch Coffein, noch Natriumnitrit, noch Isophthalanilid, noch Mercaptopurin verringerten das Glomerulusfiltrat, die maximale Harnkonzentrierungsfähigkeit nach Durst unter Vasopressin, die Harnverdünnuungsfähigkeit nach hypotonischen Infusionen oder die renale H+-Ionen-Sekretion. Phenacetin, Paracetamol und Isophthalanilid verringerten die fraktionelle renale Harnstoffausscheidung. Sehr große Dosen von Paracetamol steigerten leicht die Proteinurie und die Ausscheidung von Tubuluszellen im Harn. Phenacetin und Paracetamol verursachten degenerative Veränderungen im histologischen Bild der corticalen, proximalen und distalen Tubuli, die unter Blindbedingungen untersucht wurden. Es traten weder entzündliche Veränderungen, noch Schädigungen des Nierenmarks oder der Papille auf. Die corticalen degenerativen Veränderungen ließen sich nicht als Folge von Methämoglobinämie oder Hämolyse erklären. Isophthalanilid verursachte eine „Normalisierung” des histologischen Bilds der Nierenrinde über die Norm hinaus. Die Ausscheidung von Tubuluszellen im Harn war nicht signifikativ mit der Schwere der histologischen Veränderungen korreliert. Die Befunde führen zum Schluß, daß weder Phenacetin, noch Paracetamol bei der Ratte ausgeprägte nephrotoxische Wirkungen besitzt.
    Notes: Abstract The general and the renal toxicity of large doses of phenacetin, paracetamol, some antimitotic drugs and other constituents of analgesic mixtures was investigated in medium term toxicity tests in a large number of rats. Phenacetin and paracetamol depressed food intake and retarded growth. 800–1200 mg/kg · day paracetamol induced a larger mortality than 1500–3000 mg/kg · day phenacetin. Both analgesics and isophthalanilide, an antimitotic agent, induced hyperchromic anemia. Phenacetin induced methemoglobinemia more readily than paracetamol. Neither the analgesics, nor caffeine, sodium nitrite, isophthalanilide or mercaptopurine depressed GFR, maximal urinary concentration after dehydration plus vasopressin, urinary dilution after hypotonic expansion, or urinary acidification. Phenacetin, paracetamol and isophthalanilide depressed the fractional excretion of urea by the kidney. Very large doses of paracetamol slightly increased the proteinuria and the urinary excretion of tubular cells. Phenacetin and paracetamol induced degenerative histological alterations in cortical proximal and distal tubules, detected and quantitated under blind conditions. There were no inflammatory changes, nor any medullary or papillary lesions. The degenerative lesions could not be explained by the presence of methemoglobinemia or hemolysis. Isophthalanilide actually “improved” the histological appearance of the kidneys. The urinary excretion of tubular cells was not significantly correlated with the severity of the histological changes. It was concluded that neither phenacetin nor paracetamol exert major nephrotoxic effects in rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330059
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histopathology of undescended testes (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 139 (1982), S. 266-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Cryptorchidism ; Undescended testis ; Complications ; Pathology ; Testicular neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a survey of the morphological findings in cryptorchid testes, especially of children. There is no doubt that undescended testes not operated on early in life are seriously damaged. Cryptorchid testes of adults are much smaller than normal. The tubules are atrophic, the germinal epithelium is generally largely absent and the Leydig-cells are vacuolated, and loaded with lipids. Foci of hypoplastic tubules and so-called ring-like tubular structures are frequent. In children the testicular lesions of cryptorchidism are less pronounced than in adults. They are characterized by disturbances in tubular structure and particularly by a diminution of germ cells or, especially in cases of bilateral cryptorchidism, by a complete lack of such elements. These tubular lesions are manifested already in the second year of life. In addition, the interstitial tissue of undescended testes is generally more abundant and Leydig-cells seem to be more atrophic than in normal testes. Some of these lesions found in cryptorchid testes seem to be the result of a malformation rather than of testicular malposition alone. Finally, in patients with cryptorchidism the higher risk of developing a testicular germ cell tumor must be considered. In adults with cryptorchidism so-called atypical germ cells can be demonstrated even if there are no clinical signs of a malignant testicular tumor. Considering the relatively high frequency of malignant germ cell tumors in adults with cryptorchidism, testicular biopsies should be performed if a primary orchidectomy is refused. As testicular tumors may not only develop in the cryptorchid testis but in the descended partner as well, even bilateral testicular biopsies may be indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442177
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Panel discussion (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 139 (1982), S. 292-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442183
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural findings in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and focal lymphocytic thyroiditis with reference to giant cell formation (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 6 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ultrastructural findings in two cases of Hashimoto's disease and two cases of focal lymphocytic thyroiditis are reported. Stimulated thyrocytes, oncocytes and degenerating thyrocytes were observed in all cases. Multinucleated thyrocytes and epithelial pseudogiant cells were identified in Hashimoto's disease only. Infiltrating lymphocytes, plasma cells, monocytes and macrophages were present in all cases. The ultrastructure of germinal centres was similar to that seen in lymphatic organs. Giant cells of both intra- and extrafollicular localization were seen in Hashimoto's disease. Most of the giant cells were macrophage-derived. Two different ways of giant cell formation were identified: besides the familiar dissolution of plasma membranes of adjacent macrophages, another mechanism of fusion was observed. At sites of contact, peculiar membrane structures were developed and disintegration of plasma membranes occurred in parts adjacent to these structures. These are not identical to desmosomes and are different from Langerhans’ granules. They probably represent special organelles for the initiation of cellular fusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1982.tb02748.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ausgebrannte (okkulte) Hodentumoren (1977)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 377 (1977), S. 67-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Testicular neoplasms ; Neoplasm regression, spontaneous
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In 6 von 61 nachkontrollierten AutopsiefÄllen mit metastasierenden Seminomen und Teratomen finden wir in den Hoden Narben oder Rudimente differenzierter Teratome und Seminome, Bilder, die denjenigen sogenannter ausgebrannter Hodentumoren entsprechen. Seminome lösen hÄufig eine ausgeprÄgte granulomatöse Reaktion aus, so da\ vollstÄndig ausgebrannte Formen, wie in einem Fall beobachtet, an und für sich zu erwarten sind. Aber auch Teratome können weitgehend vernarben und damit leicht übersehen werden. Bei 5 Patienten mit teratomatösen Metastasen sind in 3 FÄllen kleine differenzierte Hodenteratome von 1, 3 und 12 mm Durchmesser zu erkennen, in 1 Fall eine Rete testis-nahe Narbe von 10 mm Durchmesser und in einem letzten Fall ein mikroskopisch kleines intra- und extratubulÄres Seminom. In 3 dieser 5 FÄlle lassen sich atypische Keimzellen und in 2 FÄllen kleine Seminomreste von 3 und 13 mm Durchmesser in der Umgebung der Tumorrudimente nachweisen. Atypische Keimzellen und Seminomreste können damit für den Nachweis kleiner, mikroskopisch kaum fa\barer Teratomherde wegleitend sein. Diese 6 Beobachtungen machen ungefÄhr 10% unserer AutopsiefÄlle mit Keimzelltumoren aus. Weitere Probleme der Diagnostik werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Of 61 cases of metastasizing seminomas and teratomas that came to autopsy at the Institute of Pathology, University of Zürich, 51 had been known to originate in primary testicular neoplasms, while in the remaining 10 the scrotal contents were clinically unremarkable. Of these, the testicles of two cases were devoid of tumor even on histologic examination; in a third case the right testicle had been absent since birth, suggesting its possible intraperitoneal location and malignant transformation. Yet another case displayed a malignant teratoma primarily infiltrating the mediastinum, while an isolated focus of a generalized large-cell lymphoma in the lower pole of the left testicle was mistaken for its origin. The remaining six cases, however, demonstrated histologic alterations that suggest “burned-out” testicular malignancies. Out of five of these patients with exclusively teratomatous metastases, three had differentiated testicular teratomas, varying in diameter between one and twelve mm; a fourth manifested a scar 10 mm in length in the vicinity of the rete testis; the fifth displayed an intra- and extratubular seminoma of microscopic dimensions. In two of these five cases, small foci of seminoma could be seen in close relationship to the teratomas, and in three patients, atypical germ cells were found within seminiferous tubules. It may well be that the presence of atypical germ cells and foci of seminoma are indicative of small teratomatous lesions which have escaped microscopic scrutiny. Finally, one testis in a patient with metastases typical of seminoma consisted of scar tissue to an extent that is unusual even for seminomas with a marked stromal reaction. These observations represent approximately 10% of our autopsy cases with germ cell tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432699
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Duodenal and ampullary carcinoid tumors (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 408 (1986), S. 475-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Duodenal neoplasms ; Carcinoid tumor ; Neurofibromatosis ; MEN I
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twelve duodenal carcinoid tumours are presented, 4 of them located in the ampulla. Symptoms included the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (4 patients), the carcinoid syndrome (1 patient), mechanical obstruction (3 patients), bleeding (1 patient) and abdominal pain (1 patient). Two further tumours were detected by chance. Three patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome had additional endocrine tumours characteristic of the MEN I syndrome. In 2 of them the duodenal carcinoids were of very small size and were multiple. They were observed in close proximity to focal areas of endocrine cell hyperplasia. Immunohistochemical investigations showed gastrin and somatostatin to be the predominant polypeptide hormones produced by these tumours. No somatostatinoma syndrome was encountered. In half of our cases additional production of insulin, VIP or even calcitonin in smaller amounts was found. Two of our patients had cutaneous manifestations of von Recklinghausen's disease and in both of them the carcinoid was located in the ampulla. One of these patients also had a pheochromocytoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705301
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