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  • 1
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    Unknown
    Frankfurt am Main : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Romanische Forschungen. 75:3/4 (1963) 289 
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Lung ; CT ; High resolution ; Computers ; Neural network
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of this study was to implement neural networks and expert rules for the automatic detection of ground glass opacities (GG) on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Different approaches using self-organizing neural nets as well as classifications of lung HRCT with and without the use of explicit textural parameters have been applied in preliminary studies. In the present study a hybrid network of three single nets and an expert rule was applied for the detection of GG on 120 HRCT scans from 20 patients suffering from different lung diseases. Single nets alone were not capable to reliably detect or exclude GG since the false-positive rate was greater than 100 % with regard to the area truly involved, more than 50 pixels throughout, and the true-positive rate was greater than 95 %. The hybrid network correctly classified 91 of 120 scans. Mild GG was false positive in 15 cases with less than 50 pixels, which was judged not clinically relevant. The pitfalls were: partial volume effects of bronchovascular bundles and the chest wall. Motion artefacts and diaphragm were responsible for 11 misclassifications. Hybrid networks represent a promising tool for an automatic pathology-detecting system. They are ready to use as a diagnostic assistant for detection, quantification and follow-up of ground glass opacities, and further applications are underway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 376 (1991), S. 16-22 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Early gastric cancer ; Advanced cancer ; Observational study ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen einer prospektiven, multizentrischen, chirurgisch-pathologischen Studie unter Beteiligung von 22 Kliniken und 14 Pathologischen Instituten in der BRD wurden im Zeitraum 1. April 1982 bis 31. Oktober 1989 die Daten von 1420 histologisch verifizierten Magenkarzinompatienten gesammelt. Aus dieser Grundgesamtheit wurden 131 Patienten mit einem Magenfrühkarzinom (EGC)1 795 Patienten mit einem resezierbaren fortgeschrittenen Magenkarzinom (AGC)1 gegenübergestellt, um die spezifischen Eigenschaften beider Karzinomformen herauszuarbeiten. Die Hälfte der Patienten mit EGC sind jünger als 60 Jahre (49%). Sie haben doppelt so häufig eine Ulkusanamnese wie Patienten mit AGC (40,7% vs 23,7%). EGC treten häufiger multifokal auf (9,2% vs 3,0%) und sind häufiger im mittleren oder distalen Magen lokalisiert (83,9% vs 56,8%). EGC und AGC unterscheiden sich nicht in der Verteilung der WHO-Typisierung, wohl aber hinsichtlich der Laurén-Klassifikation: Intestinaler Typ beim EGC: 60,3%, beim AGC: 51,5%. Diffuser Typ beim EGC: 33,6% und beim AGC 44,0%. Die Fünfjahresüberlebensraten des auf die Mukosa beschränkten EGC betrugen 84%, des Submukosakarzinoms 69% (p=0,0741). Sie unterschied sich bei EGC-Patienten mit diffusem Typ nach Laurén nicht signifikant von jenen mit intestinalem Typ (p=0,19). Die systematische Lymphadenektomie ist nur bei 27,5% der Patienten mit EGC und 30,3% der Patienten mit AGC durchgeführt worden. Die Fünfjahresüberlebensrate der 36 EGC-Patienten mit systematischer Lymphadenektomie betrug 85% gegenüber 72% der 95 EGC-Patienten ohne systematische Lymphadenektomie (p=0,0916). Betrachtet man das Überleben der Patienten mit Magenfrühkarzinom, könnten these Ergebnisse als weiterer Hinweis auf die Bedeutung der systematischen Lymphadenektomie bei EGC-Patienten gewertet wurden.
    Notes: Summary A multicentre prospective observational study with 22 surgical and 14 pathological units in West-Germany gathered data from 1420 patients with gastric cancer between April 1982 and October 1989. 131 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) and 795 patients with a resectable advanced gastric cancer (AGC) were selected for comparison. Patients with EGC were younger than those with AGC (49% vs 37% younger than 60 years) and symptoms of an ulcer were found twice in comparison to AGC (40.7% vs 23.7%). EGC in comparison to AGC were frequently multifocal (9.2% vs 3.0%) and located in the middle and lower part of the stomach(83.9% vs 56.8%). Five-year-survival rates of mucosa carcinoma was 84% and of submucosal carcinoma 69% (p=0.0741). WHO-typing of EGC and AGC were identical. But according to Lauren's classification there were more intestinal types with EGC than with AGC (60.3% vs 51.5%) and less diffuse or mixed types with EGC than with AGC (33.6% vs 44.0%). Five-year-survival rates of diffuse and intestinal types of EGC showed no significant difference (p=0.19). Extended lymph node dissection was done in only one third of EGC and AGC. Five-year-survival rates of 36 EGC patients with and 95 EGC patients without extended lymph node dissection were 85% versus 72% (p=0.0916). These results are a hint that systematic lymphadenectomy may have a beneficial effect on survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Exocrine pancreas ; Calcium pool ; Calcium release ; Electron microscopy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In an attempt to identify a cellular Ca2+-pool, from which calcium is released when secretagogues are applied, tissue fragments of the rat exocrine pancreas were incubated and fixed with glutaraldehyde in the presence of calcium. By means of this procedure electron-dense deposits were found on plasma membranes. X-ray microanalysis showed that these deposits contain calcium. Stimulation of tissue fragments with the use of the secretagogues carbachol or cholecystokinin reduced the number of deposits by about 80%. When the antagonist atropine was applied after carbachol stimulation, deposits reappeared on cell membranes, which then disappeared again after a second stimulation with cholecystokinin. In the presence of procaine, carbachol was inhibited and only slightly reduced the Ca2+-deposits on the plasma membranes. These results suggest that a calcium pool, from which calcium is released to induce enzyme secretion on stimulation, is located in the cell membrane
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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