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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An in vitro investigation of penetration depth of dentine bonding agents into carious dentine (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  The aim of the present in vitro study was to determine the penetration depth of dentine bonding agents into carious dentine as a possible strategy in caries treatment of deep lesions. Forty-eight extracted carious teeth were used for the experiments and divided in four groups. In a split-tooth design, one half of each tooth was treated without caries excavation, and the second half after caries excavation. In group 1 the teeth were treated with Prime & Bond 2·0 without phosphoric acid etching, and in group 2 with phosphoric acid etching. In group 3, the teeth were treated with All-Bond 2 without phosphoric acid etching, and in group 4 with phosphoric acid etching. Bonding agents were marked with an orange dye prior to application. The composition of the bonding agents had no significant influence on penetration depths. The mean thickness of the outer, necrotic caries zone in unexcavated specimens was 117 μm (±126). Bonding agents penetrated significantly deeper into unexcavated carious dentine (mean 124 ± 76 μm) compared with excavated dentine (11 ± 14 μm) and sound dentine (3 ± 4 μm). Acid etching significantly reduced the thickness of the outer caries zone, and the penetration depth of the bonding agents into unexcavated carious specimens by approximately 50%, and increased it into sound dentine. The results indicate that dentine bonding agents could completely penetrate the unexcavated outer carious dentine in 90% of specimens. Further studies are required to determine whether further caries activity is arrested after treatment with dentine bonding procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01332.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An in vitro assessment of the strength of porcelain veneers dependent on tooth preparation (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The treatment of teeth using veneer restorations combines aesthetic and functional improvements with a low destructive technique. Different kinds of tooth preparation techniques are described in the literature for this kind of restoration. This in vitro study aimed to examine the influence of the incisal preparation on the loadability of teeth restored with porcelain laminate veneers. Thirty-six selected mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to three groups with 12 teeth per group. In the first group, only the facial surface was prepared. In the second group, the preparation included a rounded incisal edge and a distinct chamfer lingually. The third group served as an unprepared control. Empress® veneers were then fabricated and cemented with a low viscous luting composite material. After 120 days storage in Ringer's solution, the specimens were loaded incisally to the point of failure. Statistical analysis of the results showed significant differences between the series (P=0·0103). Group 2 (with preparation of the incisal edge) exhibited the lowest fracture resistance (466±99 N) (N, mean forces). When prepared only facially, the teeth restored with Empress® veneers reached the strength of unprepared teeth. Compared with the biting force described for incisors in the literature, the in vitro loadability reached in this investigation seems to jusitify the clinical use of both preparation designs tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2000.00640.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of different luting procedures on the seating of ceramic inlays (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different luting procedures on the proper seating of ceramic inlays and on the marginal seal through microleakage testing. Sixty mesial-, occlusal-, distal- (MOD) cavities were prepared in third molars, and distributed among four groups. In the control group 1, the cavity surface was treated with dentin and enamel bonding agents; ceramic inlays were placed into the cavity and light cured. In group 2, the dentin and enamel bonding agents were cured prior to the placing of the inlays, and following the insertion. In group 3, the inlays were luted without enamel bonding. In group 4, the inlays were cemented using a one-bottle bonding and two times light curing. The groups with only one time light curing at the end of the luting process exhibited the smallest luting space following cementation. The smallest dye penetration values were obtained for the two groups with separate light curing of the dentin bonding agent. Reducing the film thickness of polymerized dentin bonding agents, i.e. by changing the composition of the bonding agents, could facilitate proper seating of ceramic inlays together with a better marginal seal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2000.00525.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluoride release/uptake of polyacid-modified resin composites (compomers) in neutral and acidic buffer solutions (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the fluoride uptake/release of polyacid-modified resin composites (compomers) in neutral and acidic buffer solutions. Two compomers (Dyract® and Compoglass®) were tested and the conventional glass–ionomer cement (GIC) Vivaglass Base® served as a control. Forty specimens were fabricated from each of the respective materials. Twenty of these specimens were placed in artificial saliva and the other 20 specimens in a fluoridated dentifrice slurry for 5 min. Then, 10 fluoridated and 10 non-fluoridated specimens were immersed in a neutral buffer solution (pH 6·8), and the other specimens were immersed in an acidic solution (pH 4·0). After 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days the samples were again placed in either a fluoridated dentifrice slurry or saliva for 5 min, after which time they were transferred to fresh buffer solutions. The fluoride content of the solutions was assessed with a fluoride sensitive electrode. Fluoride release from all the materials decreased continuously during the experiment, with a significantly higher release in the acidic solution compared to the neutral buffer solution. Fluoridation did not result in an increased fluoride release for the compomers. However, the conventional GIC revealed a significantly higher fluoride release after fluoridation. It is concluded that Dyract® and Compoglass® can not be replenished with fluoride, irrespective of the pH value of the environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00413.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of fluoride treatment on remineralization of bleached enamel (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary The objective of the study was to evaluate the remineralizing capacity of different fluoride treatments on dental enamel bleached with carbamide peroxide (Opalescence®). Sixty bovine enamel slabs were subjected to four cycles comprising bleaching (12 h) and remineralization in artificial saliva (8 h). The samples were evenly distributed among four groups (A-D). During the first hour of the remineralization period the specimens in group A were covered with a fluoride varnish (Duraphat®; 2.23% F−). In group B the enamel slabs were stored in a fluoride solution (0.2% F− as NaF) for 1 min prior to remineralization. Group C did not receive a fluoride treatment, and group D (control) was stored in distilled water instead of bleaching. Microhardness (VHN) was evaluated before the experimerits and after the second and fourth cycle, respectively. Final hardness was calculated as percentage of the initial hardness. Analysis of variance was applied to the data followed by pairwise comparisons with corrected level of significance (P 〈 0.01). Hardness decreased significantly in groups A-C compared to the control group (D). The bleached and unfluoridated specimens (group C) showed a significantly higher hardness loss compared to the fluoridated specimens, whereas no significant difference was observed between the two fluoridated groups. It is concluded that remineralization of bleached enamel is improved by application of highly concentrated fluorides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1997.tb00327.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of sulphadoxine and trimethoprim in sows: Influence of lactation (1994)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 18 (1994), S. 141-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: dose ; lactation ; milk ; serum ; sulphadoxine ; trimethoprim
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A potentiated sulpha drug was administered intravenously to 12 sows on the 17th day of lactation and to 4 sows in early pregnancy to study the influence of lactation on its disposition kinetics. The dose-rate of sulphadoxine (SDX) used was 12 mg/kg b.w. while that of trimethoprim (TMP) was 2.4 mg/kg b.w. The pharmacokinetic parameters of SDX showed no significant difference between lactating and pregnant sows (V ss, 0.24±0.04 L/kg; Cl s , 0.25±0.05 ml/min per kg: MRT, 17.08±4.48 h). SDX did not accumulate in milk, the concentrations in milk being less than the concentrations in serum at the same time. Of the pharmacokinetic parameters for TMP, only the mean residence time was significantly different between the two groups (V ss, 1.60±0.31 L/kg; Cl s , 4.62±1.07 ml/min per kg: MRTlactating, 5.43±1.26 h; MRTpregnant, 7.74±1.72 h). TMP was excreted in milk to a considerable extent, the ratio of its concentration in milk to that in serum at the same time being over 2.2. These two substances show a completely different pharmacokinetic behaviour. Even though TMP is excreted more quickly in lactating sows, adjusting the dose of this potentiated sulpha drug does not seem to be appropriate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01839233
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluoride uptake in dentin with and without simulating dentinal fluid flow (1997)
    Springer
    Clinical oral investigations 1 (1997), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Keywords: Key words Fluoride ; Dentin ; Dentinal fluid flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare fluoride uptake of dentin with and without simulating dentinal fluid flow. Eighty-five dentinal discs were prepared from retained human molars. Seventeen discs were used to assess baseline fluoride content (controls). Sixty-eight discs were evenly distributed among two experimental groups and were fixed for 24 h in a two-chamber device allowing for simulating dentinal fluid flow. Thirty-four samples were treated with dentifrice slurry containing a low fluoride concentration (Elmex, dilution 1:5); the remaining discs were treated with a solution of a high fluoride concentration (Elmex Fluid). For the perfused group, each of the 17 discs of the high and low concentration fluoride groups were constantly perfused during the experiment. The remaining fluoridated specimens were not perfused. All specimens were assayed for KOH-soluble fluoride and structurally bound fluoride. Structurally bound fluoride was determined in three successive layers of 20 µm each. Uptake of KOH-soluble fluoride was significantly higher in the specimens fluoridated with Elmex Fluid compared to the samples treated with the dentifrice slurry. The uptake of KOH-soluble fluoride was not influenced by perfusion of the dentinal discs. However, perfusion resulted in lower acquisition of structurally bound fluoride in the samples treated with the dentifrice slurry. After application of Elmex Fluid, no significant difference was found in the amount of structurally bound fluoride between the perfused specimens and non-perfused samples. It is suggested that further studies on fluoride uptake in dentin should use a model simulating outward dentinal fluid flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007840050023
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical evaluation of a hybrid composite and a polyacid-modified composite resin in Class-II restorations in deciduous molars (1998)
    Springer
    Clinical oral investigations 2 (1998), S. 115-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Keywords: Key words Polyacid-modified resin ; Hybrid composite ; Deciduous molars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this prospective study, conducted in a dental practice was to evaluate the success rate of a hybrid composite material (TPH-Spectrum; Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) and a polyacid-modified composite resin (Compoglass; Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) in Class II restorations in primary molars after 1 year. A total of 190 restorations (96 with TPH-Spectrum and 94 with Compoglass) were inserted in 52 children. TPH-Spectrum was applied using the total etching technique, whereas Compoglass was inserted without acid etching prior to application of the bonding adhesive. The restorations were assessed according to the Ryge criteria, directly after placement and after 1 year. After 12 months, 6.4% of the Compoglass and 3.1% of the TPH-Spectrum restorations were clinically unacceptable and had to be renewed. The fillings with Compoglass revealed a tendency to lower evaluation scores with respect to color matching, cavosurface discoloration, anatomic form, margin integrity and caries assessment than the restorations with TPH-Spectrum. However, these differences were statistically not significant. The results of the present investigation show that, at least for a period of 1 year, both the hybrid composite TPH-Spectrum and the polyacid-modified composite resin Compoglass are suitable materials for restoration of deciduous molars. However, owing to the fewer treatment steps required for application of a polyacid-modified composite resin, this type of material may be more favorable for restoring primary molars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007840050055
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of toothbrushing on fluoride release of polyacid-modified composite resins (1999)
    Springer
    Clinical oral investigations 3 (1999), S. 150-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Keywords: Key words Polyacid-modified composite resin ; Fluoride ; Abrasion ; Toothbrushing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The aim of the study was to evaluate the fluoride release of polyacid-modified composite resins (Dyract, Compoglass) submitted to brushing abrasion. Twenty samples were taken from each material and stored in a buffer solution (pH 4.0) for 12 days. Each day, the samples were transferred to a fresh solution. Ten samples of each material were brushed in an automatic tooth-brushing machine (250 strokes, 260-g load) every fourth day. The remaining samples were not subjected to brushing. Fluoride content of the solutions was measured with a fluoride sensitive electrode after the addition of TISAB. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences between the two materials with regard to cumulative fluoride release within the 12 days of the experiment. However, no difference was observed between the fluoride release of the brushed samples compared to the unbrushed specimens. This was true for both, the cumulative fluoride release and its release on the day following brushing. It is assumed that regular brushing of the tested materials did not influence their release of fluoride and that brushing of polyacid-modified composite resins does not lead to maintaining their initially high level of fluoride release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007840050094
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root lesions in a group of 50–60 year-old Germans related to clinical and social factors (1999)
    Springer
    Clinical oral investigations 3 (1999), S. 168-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Keywords: Key words Root caries ; Prevalence ; Middle age ; Risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  From a preventive point of view collection of data concerning carious and non-carious cervical tooth defects is definitely important. Consequently, the prevalence and distribution of different root lesions were studied and correlated with behavioral and biological factors in 50- to 60-year-old German individuals (n=298). Additionally, the data were correlated with characteristics concerning oral health and known risk factors such as gender, educational level, and presence of plaque. An interview included questions on sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, dental and general health status, and various behavioral parameters. During clinical examination data concerning coronal and root lesions, restorations, probing depth, gingival bleeding, and dental plaque were obtained. The participants represented a social middle class population with a high awareness of dental health. Obviously, for the participants, known risk factors for root decay such as gender, educational level and plaque index were of minor importance. Factors correlating with root caries were: (a) number of missing teeth, (b) probing depth, (c) smoking habit, (d) regular dental attendance and (e) the reason for the last dental treatment. Additionally, the prevalence of non cariogenic lesions, primarily resulting from increased but wrongly performed oral self care, seems gradually to relieve carious root destruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007840050097
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