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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cholesterol embolization has been described as a severe complication of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) and may lead to renal insufficiency with the need of transient or permanent hemodialysis. We describe a case of successful angioplasty of a renal artery in-stent restenosis utilizing a new temporary balloon occlusion and aspiration system for prevention of distal embolization. Histological examination of blood retrieved from the distally occluded vessel showed lipid-rich macrophages (foam cells) and an amorphic lipoid substance as markers of atherosclerotic plaque debris. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical relevance of atheromatous microembolization and its renal function and clinical course following angioplasty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7241
    Keywords: calcium antagonists ; verapamil ; hemodymanic effects ; blood pressure ; heart rate ; coronary blood flow ; coronary vascular resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Calcium antagonists are used in interventional cardiology to prevent coronary vasoconstriction or to overcome the no-reflow phenomenon. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of intracoronary verapamil on systemic and coronary hemodynamics. In 20 patients scheduled for routine coronary angiography, heart rate, blood pressure, and ECG recordings were recorded continuously and intracoronary flow velocity was obtained by intracoronary Doppler measurements in angiographically normal vessels. The cross-sectional area, measured by quantitative coronary angiography, allowed the calculation of coronary blood flow (CBF) and the coronary vascular resistance index (CVRI). Without premedication, increasing dosages of verapamil (0.01 mg, 0.1 mg, 1.0 mg, and 2.0 mg) were injected into the left coronary artery. Intracoronary verapamil administration led to a decrease in systemic blood pressure only after administration of 1.0 mg or 2.0 mg (change in mean arterial pressure: from 87.6 ± 14.6 mmHg to 80.1 ± 14.9 mmHg and 78.5 ± 13.9 mmHg, respectively; both P 〈 0.05) without a change in heart rate. Epicardial diameters of the left coronary artery increased only at dosages of 1.0 mg and 2.0 mg (from 2.14 ± 0.4 mm to 2.22 ± 0.3 mm, P 〈 0.01), whereas the coronary blood flow velocity increased significantly at the smallest dosage of 0.01 mg (from 19.9 ± 8.7 cm/s to 33.2 ± 14.9 cm/s, P 〈 0.001) and was further enhanced with increasing dosages. CBF increased and CVRI decreased at every dosage of verapamil compared with baseline values. CBF increased also after 0.1 mg (from 13.5 ± 6.5 mL/min to 19.5 ± 9.3 mL/min; P 〈 0.05), reaching a maximal effect after administration of 1.0 mg verapamil (26.3 ± 16.1 mL/min, P 〈 0.05). Application of 2.0 mg did not further increase CBF compared with 1.0 mg. Intracoronary application of verapamil leads to a decrease in systemic blood pressure at higher dosages, whereas heart rate remains unchanged at any dosage. The maximal increase in coronary blood flow and decrease in vascular resistance can be reached by administration of 1.0 mg verapamil into the left coronary artery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 3 (1989), S. 135-137 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A fully automated computer-controlled system was used to generate series of different linked scans at constant B2E and constant neutral loss in the second field-free region. This system has been shown to be suitable for deriving the amino acid sequence of oligopeptides.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1615-6692
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Koronare Herzerkrankung ; Angina pectoris ; Laserrevaskularisierung ; Elektromechanisches Mapping ; Key Words Ischemic haert disease ; Angina pectoris ; Laser revascularisation ; Electromechanical mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Transmyocardial laser revascularization is a modern therapeutic concept for patients with end-stage coronary artery disease not eligible for bypass surgery, percutaneous coronary interventions or heart transplantation. Although the principal idea of creating additional myocardial perfusion from the cavum of the left ventricle was derived from observations in reptile hearts, histological investigations suggest that channel patency is not the underlying mechanism for improved clinical symptoms. Sympathetic denervation and angioneogenesis may be additional explanations for improvement of angina and stress tolerance. The first experiences with transmyocardial laser revascularization were made using a surgical approach. Two randomized multicenter trials could show a significant improvement in angina and stress tolerance 12 months after creating channels using laser technique. While these results were obtained by performing thoracotomy, catheter-based systems have been designed for a less invasive approach of this technique. A further advantage of these new systems is that regions like the septum can be treated which are not eligible for a surgical approach. Using percutaneous transluminal catheter-based systems channels of up to 6 mm length can be created. Beside the fluoroscopic guided creation of myocardial channels a new mapping system has been applied using electromechanical features of viable myocardial tissue. This system is based on the observation that endocardial electrograms recorded from an infarcted area are characterized by very low amplitude and fractionated morphology. This system allows online mapping of viable myocardium and provides spatial, electrical, and mechanical information of the myocardium. This method of electromechanical mapping highly correlates with results obtained from myocardial perfusion scans. Recent preliminary clinical trials demonstrated that catheter-based creation of myocardial channels is a feasible and successful alternative to the surgical laser revascularization. Also with this approach a significant improvement in angina and stress tolerance can be achieved. The results of the PACIFIC study, the first randomized multicenter study using percutaneous transluminal laser revascularization, demonstrates that after 3 and 6 months more than half of the patients presented improved angina of at least 1 Canadian-Cardiovascular-Society class. Whether electromechanical guided myocardial laser revascularization is more efficient than fluoroscopic guided has not been proven yet. Further studies will have to evaluate this issue.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die transmyokardiale Laserrevaskularisierung ist ein modernes Therapiekonzept bei Patienten mit schwerer koronarer Herzerkrankung, die weder einem katheterinterventionellen noch einem bypasschirurgischen Vorgehen oder einer Herztransplantation zugänglich sind. Die initiale Idee, durch transmyokardiale Kannäle eine Verbesserung der Myokardperfusion zu erreichen, stammt von Beobachtungen an Reptilienherzen, bei denen die epikardialen Anteile des Myokards über koronare Gefäße versorgt werden, während die subendothelialen Anteile über ein feines sinusoidales System perfundiert werden. Histologische Untersuchungen ergaben jedoch, dass der überwiegende Anteil der durch einen Laser eingebrachten Kannäle schon nach kurzer Zeit wieder verschlossen ist. Als mögliche Wirkmechanismen werden heute eine gesteigerte Angioneogenese und eine sympathische Denervation favorisiert. Während die transmyokardiale Laserrevaskularisierung zunächst ein chirurgisches Vorgehen darstellte, bei dem nach erfolgter Thorakotomie die Kannäle von epikardial eingebracht wurden, sind in den letzten Jahren perkutane transluminale Kathetersysteme entwickelt worden, die ein Vorgehen von Seiten des Kavums des linken Ventrikels ermöglichen. Um eine Diskriminierung zwischen viablem Myokard und Narbengewebe erreichen zu können, kommen neben nuklearmedizinischen Techniken (Myokardszintigraphie, PET) Mapping-Systeme zu Einsatz, die sich Potentialdifferenzen zwischen den Gewebeformen zu Nutze machen. Prospektive, randomisierte, multizentrische Studien konnten eine signifikante Besserung der Angina-pectoris-Symptomatik und der Belastungstoleranz bei Patienten im Endstadium der koronaren Herzerkrankung zeigen, die sich einer chirurgischen transmyokardialen Laserrevaskularisierung unterzogen haben. Erste Untersuchungen mit perkutanen transluminalen kathetergestützten Systemen zeigten vergleichbare Erfolge bei jedoch reduzierten periinterventionellen Komplikationsraten. Dabei lassen sich röntgenologisch geführte Systeme von solchen unterscheiden, die die Kannäle entsprechend den Ergebnissen eines elektromechanischen Mappings interaktiv positionieren. Bisher sind keine wissenschaftlichen Daten verfügbar, die jeweils die Überlegenheit einer der beiden nicht operativen Vorgehensweisen dokumentieren konnten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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