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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 2045-2061 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Trimethylsilyl Cyanide  -  A Reagent for Umpolung, I. Nucleophilic Acylation of Alkylating Reagents with Aromatic and Heteroaromatic AldehydesThe readily accessible adducts 7 from (hetero)aromatic aldehydes and trimethylsilyl cyanide are deprotonated by lithium diisopropylamide. The so formed anions 8 react with alkyl halides, dialkyl sulfates and alkyl tosylates producing 19 with inversion and without interfering elimination. From 19 the protective group is removed under mild conditions and ketones 20 are produced mostly in 80-90% yield. The scope of the reaction sequence with respect to (hetero)aromatic aldehydes and alkylating agents is demonstrated. Lithium ions are shown to cooperate in the smooth substitution of tert-butyl iodide by 8. Within the given limits the described reaction sequence complements advantageously the known methods of nucleophilic acylation.
    Notes: Die aus (hetero)aromatischen Aldehyden und Trimethylsilylcyanid glatt zugänglichen Addukte 7 werden von Lithium-diisopropylamid zu den Anionen 8 deprotoniert, die ohne störende Eliminierung mit Alkylhalogeniden, Dialkylsulfaten und Alkyltosylaten unter Inversion zu 19 reagieren. Entfernung der Schutzgruppe aus 19 unter sehr milden Bedingungen liefert die Ketone 20 meist in Ausbeuten von 80-90%. Die Anwendungsbreite hinsichtlich der (hetero)aromatischen Aldehyde und der Alkylierungsmittel wird demonstriert. Für die glatte Substitution von tert-Butyliodid durch 8 wird Mitwirkung der Lithium-Ionen nachgewiesen. Im gesteckten Rahmen ergänzt diese nucleophile Acylierung die bekannten Methoden vorteilhaft.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 3783-3802 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Trimethylsilyl Cyanide - A Reagent for Umpolung, V. Nucleophilic Acylation of Alkylating Reagents with α,β-Unsaturated AldehydesThe readily accessible adducts 3 from α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and trimethylsilyl cyanide react smoothly after deprotonation (LDA) as anions 3A with different alkylating agents in 1-position. Removal of the protective group under mild conditions yields the α,β-unsaturated ketones 5 in 60 - 80% overall yield. The stability of anions 3A is increased by an O-triethylsilyl group. Alkylation of 3A in 3-position (partly) is caused by 3-acceptor substituents. Nucleophilic acylation with α-alkoxyaldehydes produces 1,2-diketones via a new route.
    Notes: Die aus α,β-ungesättigten Aldehyden 1 mit Trimethylsilylcyanid (2) bequem zugänglichen Addukte 3 reagieren nach Deprotonierung (LDA) als Anionen 3A glatt mit verschiedenen Alkylierungsmitteln in 1-Stellung zu 4. Abspaltung der Umpolungsgruppe unter milden Bedingungen liefert α,β-ungesättigte Ketone 5 mit 60-85% Gesamtausbeute. Die Stabilität der Anionen 3A wird durch eine O-Triethylsilylgruppe stark erhöht. (Teilweise) Alkylierung von 3A in 3-Stellung wird durch 3-Acceptorsubstituenten bewirkt. Durch nucleophile Acylierung mit α-Alkoxyaldehyden sind 1,2-Diketone auf neuem Wege zugänglich.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 261-287 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Trimethylsilyl Cyanide - A Reagent for Umpolung, VIII1). Derivatives of 2-(Trimethylsiloxy)-2-propenenitrile. Syntheses and General PropertiesRather different derivatives of the new title compound 7 were synthesized by routes A—H (Table 2 and 3). The effects of substituents and reaction routes on the E/Z ratios (NMR) is discussed. Replacement of SiMe3 in 7 by RCO- and MeSO2 - yields other alkenes with donor (O—X) and acceptor groups (CN) at the same C-atom. Their opposite effects on the β-C-atom is estimated from the corresponding 1H- and 13C-NMR signals.
    Notes: Durch Synthesen auf den Wegen A—H sind sehr verschiedenartige Derivate der neuartigen Titelverbindung 7 zugänglich (Tab. 2 und 3). Der Einfluß von Substituenten und Reaktionsweg auf das E/Z-Verhältnis (NMR) wird diskutiert. Durch Ersatz der SiMe3-Gruppe in 7 durch RCO-und MeSO2 - werden weitere Alkene mit Donor- (O—X) und Acceptor-Gruppen (CN) am gleichen C-Atom zugänglich. Deren gegenläufige Wirkung auf das β-C-Atom wird aus den 1H- und 13C-NMR-Signalen abgeschätzt.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 92 (1980), S. 123-124 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 699-721 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Trimethylsilyl Cyanide - A Reagent for Umpolung, IX. Enol Esters of Acyl Cyanides: Syntheses and General PropertiesAccording to Scheme 1 acyl cyanide-enol sulfonates 3 - 5, carboxylates 7 - 9, and phosphates 12 are synthesized on routes A—D in generally good yields. Judged by 13C NMR chemical shifts of C-3, the donor effect of the enol groups on the C = C bond decreases slightly in the order OP(O)(OEt)2 〉 OCO2Et 〉 OCOCH3 〉 OCOCF3 〉 OSO2Me ≈ OSO2Ph 〉 OSO2C4F9, but being always larger than the acceptor effect of the CN group. Reactions with nucleophiles to give 1,2-diketones (29, 30) and with radicals to form adducts 32 and 35 are described. Depending on the substituent pattern [2 + 1], [2 + 3] and [2 + 4] cycloadditions can be performed with 2f, 5f, and 12f. Different cyclopropanes 54 can be prepared from 5f.
    Notes: Auf den Wegen A—D werden die in Schema 1 zusammengefaßten Acylcyanid-enol-sulfonsäureester 3 - 5, -carbonsäureester 7 - 9 und -phosphorsäureester 12 in meist guten Ausbeuten synthetisiert. Laut 13C-NMR-Verschiebung von C-3 nimmt die Donorwirkung der Enolsubstituenten auf die Doppelbindung in der Reihe OP(O)(OEt)2 〉 OCO2Et 〉 OCOCH3 〉 OCOCF3 〉 OSO2Me ≈ OSO2Ph 〉 OSO2C4F9 schwach ab, wobei sie aber die Acceptorstärke der Cyangruppe noch übertreffen. Reaktionen mit Nucleophilen zu 1,2-Diketonen (29, 30) sowie mit Radikalen zu den Addukten 32, 35 werden beschrieben; [2 + 1]-, [2 + 3]- und [2 + 4]-Cycloadditionen sind mit 2f, 5f und 12f erfolgreich. Aus 5f sind u.a. die Cyclopropane 54 zugänglich.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 722-728 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Trimethylsilyl Cyanide - A Reagent for Umpolung, X. α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds from Saturated Carboxylic Acids by Redox Umpolung2-(Trimethylsiloxy)acrylonitriles C, easily available from acyl chlorides A, can be deprotonated to the ambident anions E. These are attacked by alkylating agents in α-position mainly with formation of G which finally is transformed to I (Scheme 1). Deprotonation of C occurs regioselectively at a methyl group (or activated methylene group) but not on a longer alkyl group. This way saturated α-methylcarboxylic acids can be transformed into α-methylene ketones in reasonable yields by redox umpolung.
    Notes: Die aus den Carbonsäurechloriden A gut zugänglichen substituierten 2-(Trimethylsiloxy)-acrylonitrile C lassen sich zu den ambidenten Anionen E deprotonieren, die zu G alkyliert werden, so daß schließlich I entsteht (Schema 1). Die Deprotonierung gelingt regioselektiv nur an einer Methylgruppe (oder aktivierten Methylengruppe) und nicht an einem längeren Alkylrest. Damit sind aus gesättigten α-Methylcarbonsäuren α-Methylenketone mit guter Ausbeute in einer Redoxumpolung zugänglich.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 94 (1982), S. 548-548 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 14 (1975), S. 179-180 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 21 (1982), S. 524-525 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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