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Somaclonal breeding of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) (2003)

Gyulai, G. ; Mester, Z. ; Kiss, J. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Grass and forage science 58 (2003), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2494

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Tissue culture-induced variants (somaclones) of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) were developed from callus cells of aseptic spikelet cultures. Molecular polymorphism of the populations of somaclones and spikelet-donor plants as natural vegetative clones were compared by the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-, simple sequence repeat (SSR)-, and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)-PCR to genomic DNA samples. The genetic diversity was higher in the somaclones compared with vegetative clones as measured by the maximum genetic distance (MaxGD) which increased from 0·401 (vegetative clones) to 0·498 (somaclones). Along with this change, the minimum genetic distance (MinGD) decreased from 0·20 (control plants) to 0·06 (somaclones) which demonstrated that genetic changes occurred not only in a positive (dissimilarity, MaxGD), but also in a negative (similarity, MinGD) direction. Structural carbohydrate analyses were also performed on the leaves to compare the somaclones with the donor vegetative clones. The mean neutral-detergent and acid-detergent fibre concentrations of the leaves of the somaclones were about 0·20 lower than the donor vegetative clones suggesting that increases in the digestibility could be obtained from the somaclonal material.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2003.00372.x

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Callus initiation and plant regeneration from inflorescence primordia of the intergeneric hybrid Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.xBromus inermis Leyss. cv. nanus on a modified nutritive medium (1992)

Gyulai, G. ; Janovszky, J. ; Kiss, E. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plant cell reports 11 (1992), S. 266-269

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ISSN: 1432-203X

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Plant regeneration from callus of intergeneric hybrid Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. x Bromus inermis Leyss cv. nanus (AGROMUS) was carried out on a new culture medium designated medium-F. Within 21 days of the plating of inflorescence primordia the initiated callus showed globular structures. From the 21st day of culture, one step plant regeneration occurred on the callus without subculture. The new basal medium reported in this work was effective in callus initiation and plant regeneration of the hybrid AGROMUS by (i) the reduction of the total ion strength (2.6 g/l, 22.5 mM) of macroelements compared to MS (4.5 g/l,45.2 mM), (ii) the use of NH4NO3 as the sole N-source, and (iii) the application of KH2PO4 at an 8 times higher concentration (1160 mg/l,8.5 mM) when compared to the Murashige and Skoog medium composition. This medium provided a 2 to 10 fold reduction in the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid supplement needed for the callus initiation and one step plant regeneration after a gibberellic acid (2 mg/l, for 5 days) pretreatment of tillers. The regenerated plantlets were subcultured in multi-shoot culture and potted in soil to grow for further analysis.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235079

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Increase of green plant regeneration efficiency by callus selection in Puccinellia limosa (Schur.) Holmbg. (1989)

Heszky, L. E. ; Binh, D. Q. ; Kiss, E. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plant cell reports 8 (1989), S. 174-177

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ISSN: 1432-203X

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Three main types of callus have been selected from seeds of salt marsh grass(Puccinellia limosa (Schur.) Holmbg.) subcultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and kinetin. Callus type I differentiated only occasionally. Callus type II produced roots but no shoots under all tested culture conditions. Both green (47 %) and albino plants have been obtained from the embryogenic callus type III. Callus type III was divided into two subtypes (greening and non-greening) according to the presence or absence of green spots. Separated greening embryogenic callus gave up to 87 % green plants, whereas non-greening callus produced only 4 %.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00716834

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Plant regeneration from callus of Puccinellia distans (L.) Parl (1989)

Binh, D. Q. ; Heszky, L. E. ; Gyulai, G. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 18 (1989), S. 195-200

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ISSN: 1573-5044

Keywords: callus-type ; plant regeneration ; Puccinellia distans

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Callus was induced from seeds of Puccinellia distans (L.) Parl. on MS medium supplemented with 2 mgl-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.5 mgl-1 kinetin. Morphogenesis initiation was achieved during subculture on medium containing 0.1 mgl-1 2,4-D. From the point of morphogenetic capacity, 3 types of callus were selected. High frequency of plant regeneration was obtained by selection of embryogenic type of callus, and culture on N6 medium and N6 medium supplemented with kinetin (5–10 mgl-1), or kinetin (2 mgl-1) and IAA (0.5 mgl-1). A high ratio of albinos among regenerants was observed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00047745

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High efficiency adventive embryogenesis on somatic embryos of anther, filament and immature proembryo origin in horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) tissue culture (1992)

Kiss, J. ; Heszky, L. E. ; Kiss, E. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 30 (1992), S. 59-64

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ISSN: 1573-5044

Keywords: adventive embryogenesis ; anther culture ; filament culture ; horse-chestnut ; somatic embryogenesis

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Adventive embryogenesis was successfully induced in cultures of zygotic and somatic embryos on MS medium supplemented with BA and NAA. A procedure has been proved successful for the in vitro multiplication of somatic embryos regenerated at low frequencies from filament and callus cultures. The occurrence and rate of adventive embryogenesis did not depend on the origin of the primary embryos (zygotic and somatic), but did depend on the developmental stage. Primary embryos are capable of embryogenesis in each of the different phases of embryogenesis, though the rate is different. BA concentrations of 22–44 μM increased the rate of adventive embryogenesis and accelerated the development of embryos. The highest proliferation rate (22–25x/5 weeks) was achieved at hormone concentrations of 44 μM BA and 5.4 μM NAA.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040001

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