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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 144 (1995), S. 249-255 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Whole cell ; Single channel ; Cesium ; Liver ; Resting potential
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The single channel and whole-cell properties of an inward, rectifying potassium current in cultured embryonic chick hepatocytes were studied at 20°C. In cell-attached patches, channels open upon membrane hyperpolarization and are present in about 90% of cellattached patches. With 145 mm potassium in the pipette, inward current has a slope conductance of 80 pS. The conductance is not a linear function of the external potassium concentration. Current saturates at high external potassium and has a Michaelis-Menten affinity constant of 275 mm potassium. Substitution of gluconate for chloride in the external solution has no significant effect on conductance, and the reversal potential shifts approximately 18 mV with a change in external potassium from 72.5 to 145 mm indicating potassium selectivity. Channel openings are characterized by multiple brief closures during a burst. The channel is inhibited by external cesium in a concentration-dependent manner. Block is characterized by an increased frequency of transient closures. Whole-cell dialysis with 145 mm CsCl of cells bathed in 145 mm KCl reveals time-independent inward currents that reverse at 0 mV in response to 200 msecvoltage steps. Although voltage ramps evoke currents that are 75% potassium dependent and cesium sensitive, the mean chord conductance (425 pS) indicates that less than five channels are open at any instant. We suggest that the inwardly rectifying potassium channel is partially inactivated in the dialysed hepatocyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 863-865 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Various experiments have been performed on a 14.5 GHz ECR4 in order to improve the ion yield. The source runs in pulsed afterglow mode, and provides currents ∼120 eμA of Pb27+ to the CERN Heavy Ion Facility on an operational basis. In the search for higher beam intensities, the effects of a pulsed biased disk on axis at the injection side were investigated with different pulse timing and voltage settings. No proof for absolute higher intensities was seen for any of these modifications. However, the yield from a poorly tuned/low-performing source could be improved and the extracted pulse was less noisy with bias voltage applied. The fast response on the bias implies that increases/decreases are not due to ionization processes. A good tune for high yield of high charge states during the afterglow coincides with a high plasma potential. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 945-949 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The relatively low duty cycle of pulsed accelerators can give rise to problems in matching the characteristics of multicharged ion sources to the beam intensity required by the user. Heavy ion physics interests, especially in the heavy ion colliders, demand more and more intensity while the accelerator designers require higher charge states to ease their machine problems. Various options for ion sources for present and future heavy ion accelerators are presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 643-645 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The 14.5 GHz ECR4 source supplied to CERN in the framework of the heavy ion facility collaboration provided Pb27+ operational beams to a new heavy ion linac in 1994. This source, which operates in the pulsed "afterglow" mode, has surpassed its design specification of 80 eμA and now provides currents 〉120 eμA on an operational basis for this charge state. Early tests showed the existence of extremely stable modes of operation which are fully exploited, and in 1996 the source was operational on a 24 h basis for more than 2400 h. Future operational requirements will benefit from the 10 Hz repetition rate of the source, but will require beam pulse length modulation. In the search for higher intensities a number of experiments were performed on gas composition, rf power matching, extraction, plasma chamber liner, and a biased dynode. The results of these tests will be presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1328-1330 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A pulsed 14 GHz ECR4 source, adapted to operate in the afterglow mode, was delivered by GANIL to CERN in the framework of the Heavy Ion Facility Project. After four months of operation to commission the facility, it completed its first operational run of nine weeks at the end of 1994, providing lead ions to nuclear physics and ion cooling experiments. A very stable beam, with a useful length of over 1 ms, of 80 eμA of Pb27+ was provided by the source over this period. The operational problems experienced during the commissioning and operation, and the investigations to improve performance for the next experimental physics run are presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 191-196 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A MINIMAFIOS-type electron cyclotron resonance ion source is being used for S12+ injection into the CERN injector chain for physics experiments at the Super Proton Synchrotron. In this article, charge state distribution spectra obtained from the source are studied and, in addition, the possibility of improving the source performance by various methods is explored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 564-566 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The CERN heavy ion community, and some other high energy physics experiments, are starting to demand other ions, both heavy and light, in addition to the traditional lead ions. Studies of the behavior of the afterglow for different operation modes of the ECR4 at CERN have been continued to try to understand the differences between pulsed afterglow and continuous operation, and their effect on ion yield and beam reproducibility. The progress in adapting the source and ion beam characteristics to meet the new demands will be presented, as will new information on voltage holding problems in the extraction. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
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    Amsterdam : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Vigiliae Christianae. 43 (1989) 105 
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  • 9
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    Unknown
    London : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of theological studies. n.s.:43 (1992) 652 
    ISSN: 0022-5185
    Topics: Theology and Religious Studies
    Notes: AUTHORS AND BOOKS REVIEWED OR NOTICED
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    London : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of theological studies. n.s.:46 (1995) 99 
    ISSN: 0022-5185
    Topics: Theology and Religious Studies
    Notes: ARTICLES, NOTES, AND STUDIES
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