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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quantitative aspects of reactive gliosis: A review (1992)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 17 (1992), S. 877-885 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Schlagwort(e): Gliosis ; astrocytes ; GFAP ; brain damage ; demyelination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Recent studies of gliosis in a variety of animal models are reviewed. The models include brain injury, neurotoxic damage, genetic diseases and inflammatory demyelination. These studies show that reactive gliosis is not a stereotypic response, but varies widely in duration, degree of hyperplasia, and time course of expression of GFAP immunostaining, content and mRNA. We conclude that there are different biological mechanisms for induction and maintenance of reactive gliosis, which, depending on the kind of tissue damage, result in different expressions of the gliotic response.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993263
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Brain Injury and Growth Inhibitory Factor (GIF)—a Minireview (1998)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 23 (1998), S. 319-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Schlagwort(e): Growth inhibitory factor ; metallothionein ; reactive astrocyte ; brain injury ; neurodegenerative disease
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Growth inhibitory factor (GIF) is a small (7 kDa), heat-stable, acidic, hydrophilic metallothionein (MT)-like protein. GIF inhibits the neurotrophic activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain extracts on neonatal rat cortical neurons in culture. GIF has been shown to be drastically reduced and down-regulated in AD brains. In neurodegenerative diseases in humans, GIF expression levels are reduced whereas GFAP expression levels are markedly induced in reactive astrocytes. Both GIF and GIF mRNA are present at high levels in reactive astrocytes following acute experimental brain injury. In chronological observations the level of GIF was found to increase more slowly and remain elevated for longer periods than that of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). These differential patterns and distribution of GIF and GFAP seem to be important in understanding the mechanism of brain tissue repair. The most important point concerning GIF in AD is not simply the decrease in the level of expression throughout the brain, but the drastic decrease in the level of expression in reactive astrocytes around senile plaques in AD. Although what makes the level of GIF decrease drastically in reactive astrocytes in AD is still unknown, supplements of GIF may be effective for AD, based on a review of current evidence. The processes of tissue repair following acute brain injury are considered to be different from those in AD from the viewpoint of reactive astrocytes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022401315721
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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