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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Polymer Network Based on an Organosoluble Polyimide (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemistry of materials 6 (1994), S. 884-887 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5002
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm00043a004
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urea sensor with single poly(propylene) membrane (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 446-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: urea sensor ; plasma reaction ; poly(propylene) membrane ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Urease was immobilized on the plasma-aminated surface of a hyfrophobic poly(propylene) (PP) membrane. This membrane, with urease matrix on one side while maintaining its original hydrophobic property on the other, was used to construct the urea sensor. The new urea sensors had response sensitivities ranged from 19 mV/decade to 30 mV/decade depending on the conditions of the plasma reaction. The enzyme electrode using single membrane gave a shorter response time as compared to the corresponding conventional electrode employing two seperate PP membranes. The sensitivity of the enzyme electrode increased with increasing buffer pH and reached a maximal level (40 mV/decade) at pH 7.6. The response sensitivity of the electrode was not affected by the change of buffer strength. Deamination of the plasma-modified hydrophobic PP membrane did not occur in aqueous environment judging from the stability of the urea electrode up to 12 days of operation. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260400315
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and properties of 4-vinyl pyridine grafted SBS used as charged mosaic membrane (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 153 (1987), S. 33-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: 4-Vinylpyridin wurde durch Bestrahlung auf ein Styrol-Butadien-Styrol-Blockcopolymeres aufgepfropft. Kationische und anionische Gruppen wurden durch Sulfonierung und Methylierung eingeführt, wobei eine Membran mit Ladungsmosaik entstand.Die Experimente zeigten, daß die Pfropfgeschwindigkeit mit der Strahlendosis anstieg. Die günstigste Monomerkonzentration lag bei 20%.Nach der Pfropfung wurden der Kontaktwinkel und der Wassergehalt bestimmt sowie Morphologiestudien unternommen. Ferner wurden Zug-Dehnungsuntersuchungen durchgeführt sowie das Potential, die Ionenaustauschkapazitäten und das Austauschkapazitätsverhältnis der Membranen untersucht. KCl und Harnstoff können mittels solcher Membranen getrennt, und eine Salzanreicherung in einer Druckdialyse kann erreicht werden.
    Notes: The grafting of 4-vinyl pyridine onto styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer by irradiation was studied. Cationic and anionic groups were introduced by sulfonation and methylation to obtain a charged mosaic membrane.The experiments showed an increased rate of grafting with the increase of irradation dose. The best concentration of monomer was at 20%.After grafting, the contact angle and the water content were tested and morphology studies were performed.Furthermore, the tensile strength of this membrane increased with increased percentage of grafting. After testing, the charged mosaic membrane had a reduced potential. Its anionic and cationic exchange capacitites were between 0.12 to 0.13 meq/g, and 0.24 to 0.343 meq/g, respectively. The ratio of exchanged capacity was up to 0.509. KCI and urea can be separated by dialysis. In the determination of a piezodialysis, the salt enrichment reached a percentage of 10.3.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051530103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of radiation-modified silica and monomeric diluents on the properties of dental composite resins (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 209 (1993), S. 63-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hochviskoses 2,2-Bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy-propoxy)phenyl]propan (Bis-GMA) wurde als Hauptbestandteil eines Zahnfüllungsmaterials mit niedrigviskosem Verdünner (Tkriethylenglykol-dimethacrylat (TEGDMA), Trimethylolpropantrimethacrylat (TMPTMA) oder Trimethylolpropan-triacrylat (TMPTA)) und einem Füllstoff gemischt und durch Initiierung mit sichtbarem Licht polymerisiert. Der Umsatz nahm mit abnehmender Viskosität der Mischung zu. Das als Füllstoff verwendete Siliciumdioxid wurde durch strahlungsinduzierte Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat auf der Oberfläche modifiziert. Mit höherem PMMA-Gehalt im Füllstoff nahm die Härte des damit hergestellten Zahnfüllungsmaterials ab. Die meisten Eigenschaften dieses Materials sind mit denen eines handelsüblichen Zahnfüllmaterials identisch. Die Druckhärte ist wegen der starken Füllstoff-Matrix-Grenzfläche jedoch höher.
    Notes: 2,2-Bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy-propoxy)phenyl]propane (Bis-GMA) was used as the main ingredient for a dental composite. The dental composite was prepared by mixing high viscosity Bis-GMA with a low-viscosity diluent monomer. Three monomers were used: triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), and trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA). The mixed components were allowed to polymerize under visible light. The degree of conversion was higher for the sample with lower viscosity. The silica which was used as filler in the dental composite was modified by using the radiation-induced polymerization method in which methyl methacrylate (MMA) was grafted onto the silica gel. The higher the content of PMMA in the modified filler, the lower the hardness of the composite. Most properties of the samples are the same as those of a commercial product. The compressive strength is higher due to the strong filler-matrix interface which is provided by 60Co γ-ray radiation.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1993.052090107
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of glucose oxidase membrane for the application of glucose sensor by plasma activation (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 1591-1605 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Plasma activation is a method that takes the advantage of low temperature plasma to immobilize the bioactive materials. An active immobilized glucose oxidase membrane was obtained via plasma-initiated polymerization of acrylic acid. The obtained immobilized enzyme is very active and stable. After 100 tests, the response error of the glucose sensor is less than 5% and its linear detecting range is 0-300 ppm. A hydrophilic PP film treated by Ar or NH3 plasma was used for the preparation of the immobilized glucose oxidase membrane. The obtained immobilized enzyme is also very active and stable. After 180 tests, the response error of the glucose sensor is less than 4% and its linear detecting range is 0-300 ppm. Furthermore, SEM was used to study the mophology of the glucose oxidase membranes obtained via both methods. And ESCA was used to analyze the plasm-initiated polymerization products and the plasma-treated PP films so as to obtain the optimum conditions for the immobilization of bioactive materials.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070380903
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urease immobilized polyvinyl alcohol-g-butyl acrylate membrane for urea sensor (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 319-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A copolymer with balanced hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity was synthesized by grafting butyl acrylate onto poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA-g-BA). Films made from it had good urea permeability. After immobilization of the enzyme urease on the surface of it, the film was attached to the tip of an ammonia gas electrode to form an enzyme sensor. The sensor was able to detect urea in solution in the range of 6 to 600 mg/dL with a response time of about 5 min. It might be reused for over 100 times, and the reproducibility was very good. Therefore, it is very promising that this sensor may be commercialized for clinical use. The synthesis of PVA-g-BA was initiated with cerium ammonium nitrate, and the immobilization of urease was done by crosslinking with cyanuric chloride of glutaraldehyde. The former agent was proved to be more effective than the later. The amount of enzyme immobilized with the former were 26 and 13 times more than the one- and two-step methods with the latter, respectively.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340126
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of a multiblock copolymer of poly(N-isovaleryl ethyleneimine) and poly(ethylene glycol) (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 3043-3069 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Block copolymers of poly(N-isovaleryl ethyleneimine) (PiVEI) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were synthesized by coupling previously prepared blocks of PEG ditosylate with the dianion of the dihydroxy PiVEI. On the average four blocks coupled together to form the final block polymer. The PiVEI blocks crystallized with the same melting points as in the homopolymer. This restricted the mobility of the PEG blocks and they did not crystallize unless cooled well below room temperature. The mechanical properties of cast films were quite good with a tensile strength of 77 kg/cm2 and an elongation of 120%. The swelling of unoriented and oriented films with water was studied. The unoriented polymer absorbed about its own volume of water, even though PEG comprised only 40% of the total polymer.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080261114
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low loss second-order nonlinear optical polymers based on all organic sol-gel materials (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 55 (1995), S. 209-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new class of all organic sol-gel second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials based on hexa(methoxymethyl) melamine (HMM) was developed. Two NLO active chromophores, 4 (4′-nitrophenylazo) aniline (DO3) and 4-amino-4′-nitrobiphenyl (ANB), were incorporated into the melamine matrices. The samples exhibited second-order optical nonlinearity after poling and curing at 220°C for 30 min. DO3/HMM and ANB/HMM samples showed a second harmonic coefficient, d33 of 10.7 and 1.8 pm/V at 1064 nm, respectively. The temporal stability of both systems was studied at room temperature as well as at 100°C. Waveguide optical losses of samples at 633 and 830 nm were found. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070550203
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