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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Penetration of a compressible magnetized plasma object into a low beta target plasma (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 1515-1521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of the shape and compressibility of a perfectly conducting spheromaklike compact toroid (SCT) propagating into a low beta plasma have been studied. Simple tools that allow one to identify conditions for the optimum penetration of the SCT into the low beta target plasma have been developed. The main results obtained are (1) squeezed (prolate) SCT's penetrate more easily; (2) including SCT compressibility reduces injection power requirement, and (3) there exists a broad parameter range where the SCT injection can maintain tokamak particle inventory while simultaneously reducing external auxiliary heating requirements. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873404
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The "Compact Toroid Injection Experiment" tomographic imaging system (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 4119-4126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The design, construction and operation of a tomographic imaging system on the Compact Toroid Injection Experiment is described. The system measures the total radiated power over energies from visible light up into the extreme ultraviolet. It then reconstructs two dimensional profiles from the data. The reconstruction routine is based on a method known as second order regularization which finds a compromise between smoothness and fit to the data. This method was found to have the best overall fidelity to test images. The hardware and overall reconstruction were calibrated using two different sources. First results from the system under real experimental conditions are presented. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1318920
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple fast pulse gas valve using a dynamic pressure differential as the primary closing mechanism (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 1410-1413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In this article we describe a simple fast pulse gas valve developed for use in a plasma discharge experiment. The valve delivers 1017–1019 molecules per pulse varied by changing the voltage on the electromagnetic driver power supply. Valve pulse widths are observed to be less than 300 μs full width at half maximum with a rise time of less than 100 μs resulting in a maximum gas flow rate of ∼1022 molecules per second. An optical transmission technique was used to determine the mechanical opening and closing characteristics of the valve piston. A fast ionization gauge (FIG) was used for diagnosis of the temporal character of the gas pulse while the total gas throughput was determined by measuring the change in pressure per pulse in a small test chamber with a convectron tube gauge. Calibration of the FIG was accomplished by comparing the net change in pressure in a large chamber as measured by the FIG to the net change in pressure in a small test chamber as measured by the convectron tube gauge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144053
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of pinching in the compact toroid injection experiment: Implications for a plasma opening switch (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1237-1239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A compact toroid inductively stores the energy released by a capacitor bank as it is being accelerated. This energy can be stored for a period of more than ten microseconds and then transferred to a load on a much shorter time scale. This article presents framing camera images of the radial compression of plasma trailing behind a compact toroid as the compact toroid leaves its inner electrode. This compression illustrates the basic principles of a compact toroid plasma opening switch which could be used to drive fast z pinches. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1400773
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parabolic approximation method for the mode conversion-tunneling equation (1989)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 1 (1989), S. 340-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The derivation of the wave equation that governs ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) wave propagation, absorption, and mode conversion within the kinetic layer in tokamaks has been extended to include diffraction and focusing effects associated with the finite transverse dimensions of the incident wave fronts. The kinetic layer considered consists of a uniform density, uniform temperature slab model in which the equilibrium magnetic field is oriented in the zˆ direction and varies linearly in the xˆ direction. An equivalent dielectric tensor, as well as a two-dimensional energy conservation equation, are derived from the linearized Vlasov–Maxwell system of equations. A generalized, but approximate form of the mode conversion-tunneling equation is then extracted from the Maxwell equations, using the parabolic approximation method in which transverse variations of the wave fields are assumed to be weak in comparison to the variations in the primary direction of propagation. Numerical solutions of this approximate wave equation agree well with solutions to the exact wave equation within the kinetic layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859208
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validating cylindrical Langmuir probe techniques (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Several methods for estimating the plasma potential and density using cylindrical Langmuir probes are compared to the self-consistent solutions of the Vlasov–Poisson equations calculated by Laframboise (J. G. Laframboise, Ph. D. dissertation, University of Toronto, 1966). Measurements are made during the decay of a magnetic-field-free plasma in which the mean-free path of the electron is shorter than the dimensions of the vacuum vessel (the electrons, therefore, have a Maxwellian velocity distribution). The measurements are made in a parameter range in which exact analytical solutions do not exist for the ion and electron saturation currents, 0.5≤R/λDe≤5, where R is the probe radius and λDe is the electron Debye length (kTe/4πne2)1/2. An iterative procedure is used to fit the data at probe voltages both above and below the plasma potential while constraining the curves to be continuous at the plasma potential. The measured curves could be represented extremely well by the numerical results. It is therefore assumed that the plasma parameters used to fit the numerical results to the measurements are correct. The systematic errors which result from using several analysis techniques which assume R/λDe(very-much-less-than)1 are also presented, and it is shown that empirical corrections to these errors can be described which compensate for the finite probe radius.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142743
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beat wave excitation of electron plasma waves in a toroidal magnetized plasma (1992)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 4 (1992), S. 1920-1926 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electrostatic waves are driven in a toroidal plasma by counterpropagating microwave beams with a difference in frequency approximately equal to the electron plasma frequency. Energetic electrons are detected when the phase velocity of the electrostatic waves are 3ve〈 vph 〈 7ve, where ve is the electron thermal velocity. Experiments are performed in the Davis Diverted Torus (DDT) [Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 33, 2049 (1988)] operating in a high repetition rate (15 Hz), low-density (7×107–2×109 cm−3) mode with only a toroidal magnetic field (∼110 G). The microwaves are triggered 30 μsec after the pulsed discharge ends. At this time the energetic electrons have left the system and the velocity distribution is Maxwellian (Te ∼ 1 eV). The microwaves have tunable frequencies over the range 8.5–9.5 GHz, and peak powers ∼180 kW (400 nsec). Bounded plasma modes are excited when the electron cyclotron frequency is larger than the electron plasma frequency. Direct measurements of the wave vector have been made with a double probe antenna, from which the dispersion relation of the electrostatic wave can be obtained. The electron distribution is measured with an electrostatic energy analyzer. The electron velocity distribution function is found to be constant over an interval that extends well beyond the phase velocity of the wave.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860044
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parabolic approximation method for fast magnetosonic wave propagation in tokamaks (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 29 (1986), S. 1608-1619 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fast magnetosonic wave propagation in a cylindrical tokamak model is studied using a parabolic approximation method in which poloidal variations of the wave field are considered weak in comparison to the radial variations. Diffraction and wave interference effects, which are ignored by ray tracing methods, are included self-consistently using the parabolic method since continuous solutions for the wave electromagnetic fields are computed directly from an approximate form of the wave equation. Numerical results are presented which illustrate the cylindrical convergence of the launched waves into a diffraction-limited focal spot on the cyclotron absorption layer near the magnetic axis for a wide range of plasma confinement parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865677
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