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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 5610-5614 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Effect of ball-forming conditions on the microstructure and the hardness of balls has been investigated in order to obtain soft balls suitable for a reliable ball-bonding process using copper wire. Copper balls formed in a room-temperature shield gas are found to be harder by 6 Hv than fully annealed copper wires of the same purity. This is caused by many dislocation loops which are generated in balls due to inclusion of gaseous impurities from the atmosphere and due to rapid solidification. On the other hand, copper balls formed in a shield gas heated above 175 °C are found to be softer by the amount of 4.5 Hv than balls formed in a room-temperature shield gas. This is due to disappearance of dislocation loops caused by the reduction of solidification rate and by elimination of gaseous impurities from the balls during solidification. Impurities, especially oxygen, are found to have a strong influence on the hardening of copper balls. From these results, we conclude that copper balls formed in a shield gas heated at 175 °C are suitable for mass production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The expression of mRNA of tenascin in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc and synovial membrane was examined in 20 human TMJ samples from patients with internal derangement of the TMJ and 10 control specimens by in situ hybridization technique using paraffine-embedded tissue, and antisense and sense cRNA probes. In control specimens, tenascin mRNA was not expressed. However, we were able to find tenascin mRNA expression in the surgical specimens. In 15 of 20 samples, ranging numbers of synovial cells expressed tenascin mRNA in the hypertrophic synovial membranes. Also, in 6 of 20 samples, tenascin mRNA was identified in fibroblasts. In four specimens, vascular endothelial cells were positive for the mRNA. In internal derangement cases, histopathological findings are often found such as synovitis, new capillary growth and fibrosis. The present study demonstrates that tenascin is produced specifically in synovial cells, vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts affected in the portion of TMJ with internal derangement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to compare it with that control specimens. Expression of COX-2 in the TMJ disc and the synovial membrane in 26 human TMJ samples (internal derangement of TMJ; n=16, and control; n=10) was measured by an immunohistological technique using paraffin-embedded tissue and specific antihuman COX-2 polyclonal antibody. There were obvious distinction of COX-2 immunoreactivity between the control specimens and internal derangement cases, in the region of posterior and/or anterior loose connective tissues. In particular, intensive COX-2 expression was detected in the synovial membrane of internal derangement cases. The findings of the present study suggest that COX-2 might be an important mechanism regulating inflammation in the synovial membrane with internal derangement of TMJ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 26 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The localization of lymph capillaries and blood capillaries in the human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discs was examined immunohistologically with anti-human collagen IV antibody and anti-human von Willebrand factor in 26 human TMJ samples. The 16 internal derangement cases were then compared with the 10 normal control cases. The findings suggested that blood capillaries scarcely existed in all the fields of normal control TMJ discs (5/270, 1·9%) nor did lymph capillaries exist in the normal TMJ discs (0/270, 0%). New growth of blood capillaries had localized in all fields of the internal derangement discs specimens (113/378, 29·9%) and was concentrated in the lower area of the posterior part of the discs. The authors also observed a small distribution of lymph capillaries in all fields of this material (17/378, 4·5%). The new growth of lymph capillaries were always related to the blood capillary distribution and therefore their presence might be directly related to the capillary proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aetiology of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement has been investigated using human post-mortem material. Twenty TMJ specimens were used for a histological procedure with haematoxylin and eosin staining and orceine staining. Immunohistological analysis with chondroitin-6-sulphate and keratan sulphate was also carried out on the same specimens. Immunohistochemically, the specific localization of chondroitin-6-sulphate and keratan sulphate in the antero-medial parts of the anteriorly displaced deformed TMJ disc, which may be load-bearing areas, was observed. Orcein staining revealed that specific elastic fibres pulling the anterior band and stretching the disc continuously, may be an important factor in disc displacement. On the basis of these results, we were able to propose a significant new hypothesis for the aetiology of disc displacement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To grasp the documented evidences available regarding the cause of the anteriorly displaced human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc. With 20 specimens of human TMJ from cadavers, at first the number of heads of lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) bundles were analysed with macroanatomical method. Secondary histological procedure with haematoxyline and eosine staining and orceine staining were carried out for the same specimens. Macroscopically, in 13 specimens an upper and a lower head of the LPM were present. In the other seven specimens, not only an upper and a lower head, but also a third inner head of the LPM covered with a separate fascia was observed. Histochemically, the specific localization of certain bundles of thick elastic fibres in the antero-medial parts of the anteriorly displaced deformed TMJ disc were observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cyclooxygenase-1,2 (COX-1,2) or prostaglandin (PG) H synthase, is the first enzyme of the pathway in which arachidonic acid is oxidized to PGs. Thus, we examined the expression of COX-1 in 16 human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) samples with internal derangement and in 10 control specimens by an immunohistological technique using paraffin-embedded tissue and specific antihuman COX-1 polyclonal antibody. There was obvious distinction of COX-1 immunoreactivity between the control specimens and internal derangement cases, at the endothelial cells and fibroblasts, in the region of posterior and/or anterior loose connective tissues and synovial membrane. The findings of the present study suggest that COX-1 might be an important mechanism for maintaining normal homeostasis at the endothelial cells and fibroblasts with internal derangement of TMJ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 31 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the immunohistochemical distribution of vimentin in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to compare it with the control specimens. Immunohistochemical distribution in the disc and synovial membrane in 30 human TMJ (internal derangement of TMJ, n = 20; and control, n = 10) was studied immunohistologically using paraffin-embedded tissue and specific anti-human vimentin monoclonal antibody. Vimentin expression was distributed in chondrocyte-like cells, synovial cells and endothelial cells. There was an obvious distinction of vimentin immunoreactivity between the control specimens and internal derangement cases, in the posterior and/or anterior loose connective tissues. In particular, intensive vimentin expression was detected in the hypertrophic synovial membrane of internal derangement cases. The findings of the present study suggest that vimentin might be an important marker of pathological hypertrophy of the synovial membrane and/or connective tissue with internal derangement of TMJ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 26 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The expression of neuropeptide substance P was examined in 18 human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) samples with internal derangement of the TMJ, and in 10 control specimens. The examination was carried out using an immunohistological technique, using paraffin-embedded tissue and specific anti-human substance P polyclonal antibody. We noted five characteristic distribution patterns of substance P expression: at the nerves’ fibre bundles in the connective tissues of the anterior and/or posterior attachment; around the blood vessels in the attachments; at the margin of the TMJ disc and synovial membrane layer; on the surface of hypertrophic synovial membranes with inflammation and proliferation; and around the newly formed capillaries in the TMJ discs. In TMJs with internal derangement associated with severe pain, we found distinct substance P expression in most of the specimens. The expression was particularly intense at the margin of the TMJ disc and synovial membrane layer, on the surface of hypertrophic synovial membranes and around the newly formed capillaries in the TMJ discs. The clinical symptoms of internal derangement of the TMJ are thought to be associated with the degree of synovitis. We conclude that the expression of substance P seems to be closely related to histopathological changes of the human TMJ with internal derangement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We examined the expression of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in 28 human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) samples (internal derangement of TMJ and control specimens) by an immunohistological method using paraffin-embedded tissues and a polyclonal antibody specific to human TGF-β. The resulting reaction of TGF-β expression divided into three types as follows. The first type, around the fibrocyte and in the lacunae of chondrocytes in the disc. The second type, at the stroma of the mildly hypertrophic synovial membrane and severely hypertrophic synovial membrane. The first type was observed in all the cases including the control cases. The second type showed only in the internal derangement of TMJ, and its expression pattern resembled that of tenascin (TN) within the stroma of hypertrophic synovial membranes. In conclusion, TGF-β and TN were distributed in the affected synovial membrane of TMJ with internal derangement. These findings suggested that TGF-β and TN might have a close relationship with synovitis, followed by tissue repair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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