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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in trehalose content and trehalase activity during spore germination in fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 129 (1981), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Germination ; Glycogen ; Outgrowth ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Spore ; Trehatase ; Trehalose ; Yeast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Quantitative changes in various carbohydrates of Schizosaccharomyces, pombe spores during germination and outgrowth were studied. Trehalose decreased rapidly, shortly after onset of germination, while glycogen remained constant throughout germination and outgrowth. Alkali-insoluble carbohydrates decreased after the lag period of about 40 min. The content of alkali-soluble carbohydrates was constant during germination, but increased remarkably in parallel with germtube formation. The mechanism of rapid degradation of trehalose during germination was also studied. The activity of trehalase (EC 3.2.1.28) was detected only in the cell wall fraction of isolated spores. Trehalase activity in the cell wall fraction was not enhanced during germination. Trehalose was not found in the isolated spore walls, but in the soluble fraction. These facts strongly suggested that trehalose, and trehalase were spatially separated in dormant spores and that trehalase became accessible to trehalose upon germination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417172
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Death resulting from unbalanced growth in a temperature-sensitive mutant of Neurospora crassa (1975)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 104 (1975), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Neurospora crassa ; Temperature-Sensitive Mutant ; Unbalanced Growth ; Phospholipid Synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A temperature-sensitive mutant of Neurospora crassa was found to undergo rapid death on minimal medium at 35°C. The loss of viability in this mutant was prevented by various factors which retard growth, including deprivation of carbon sources or interruption of protein synthesis. Synthesis of nucleic acids and protein in this mutant was normal at the early stages of germination and then depressed at 35°C. The active transport of glucose and the respiration rate in this mutant were depressed at 35°C. Phospholipid synthesis was significantly repressed at 35°C. The possible significance of the characteristics of this mutant is discussed in terms of membrane biosynthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00447292
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening of putative oxygenase genes in the Fusarium graminearum genome sequence database for their role in trichothecene biosynthesis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 251 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In the biosynthesis of type B trichothecenes, four oxygenation steps remain to have genes functionally assigned to them. On the basis of the complete genome sequence of Fusarium graminearum, expression patterns of all oxygenase genes were investigated in Fusarium asiaticum (F. graminearum lineage 6). As a result, we identified five cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) genes that are specifically expressed under trichothecene-producing conditions and are unique to the toxin-producing strains. The entire coding regions of four of these genes were identified in F. asiaticum. When expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, none of the oxygenases were able to transform trichodiene-11-one to expected products. However, one of the oxygenases catalyzed the 2β-hydroxylation rather than the expected 2α-hydroxylation. Targeted disruption of the five CYP genes did not alter the trichothecene profiles of F. asiaticum. The results are discussed in relation to the presence of as-yet-unidentified oxygenation genes that are necessary for the biosynthesis of trichothecenes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.07.043
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A single amino-acid substitution in the beta-tubulin gene of Neurospora confers both carbendazim resistance and diethofencarb sensitivity (1992)
    Springer
    Current genetics 21 (1992), S. 399-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Neurospora ; Beta-tubulin ; Benzimidazoles ; N-phenylcarbamates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two MBC-resistant mutants of Neurospora crassa, F914 and F939, were sensitive to diethofencarb at a concentration of 0.1 μg/ml, while the wild-type strain and other MBC-resistant mutants showed resistance to diethofencarb at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. Genetic analysis suggested that the mutations in these two strains were closely linked to the Bml locus which codes for beta-tubulin. When the wild-type strain was transformed by the cloned beta-tubulin gene of the F914 strain, the transformants showed both MBC resistance and diethofencarb sensitivity. On the other hand, the diethofencarb sensitivity of the F914 strain was cancelled by transformation with the wild-type beta-tubulin gene. DNA sequencing of F914 beta-tubulin revealed that glycine was substituted for glutamic acid at position 198 in the F914 strain. Therefore, a single base change in the betatubulin gene was proved to confer both MBC resistance and diethofencarb sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351701
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino-acid alterations in the β-tubilin gene of Neurospora crassa that confer resistance to carbendazim and diethofencarb (1994)
    Springer
    Current genetics 25 (1994), S. 418-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Diethofencarb ; Benzimidazole resistance ; β-tubulin ; Neurospora crassa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have previously shown that increased sensitivity to diethofencarb in the carbendazim(MBC)-resistant F914 strain of Neurospora crassa is caused by a single amino-acid change in β-tubulin, 198Glu to Gly. Three diethofencarb-resistant mutants that are also resistant to MBC were isolated from strain F914. They contained single base-pair-substitution mutations in the β-tubulin gene. The amino acid changes in β-tubulin, Phe from 250Leu, Val from 165Ala, and Ala from 237Thr, were responsible for diethofencarb-resistance in the mutant strains FR511, FR513, and FR421, respectively. The amino acid at position 198 of β-tubulin in these mutants was Gly, which is the same as in strain F914. β-tubulin genes with 198Glu were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis. The altered β-tubulin genes derived from FR511 and FR421 transformed the wild-type strain to resistance to MBC, indicating that 250Phe and 237Ala in β-tubulin are responsible for resistance not only to diethofencarb but also to MBC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351780
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 242 (1994), S. 743-743 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283430
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcriptional activation of a cycloheximide-inducible gene encoding laccase is mediated by cpc-1, the cross-pathway control gene, in Neurospora crassa (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 243 (1994), S. 548-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Laccase gene ; Transcriptional activation ; Cycloheximide ; Cross-pathway control gene ; Neurospora crassa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Expression of the laccase gene (lacc) of Neurospora crassa is transcriptionally inducible by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. A lni-1 mutation, conferring the laccase non-inducible phenotype, was found to be a cpc-1 allele. Northern blots probed with plasmid pLAI, which carries the lacc gene revealed that the cpc-1 mutation abolishes the induced transcription of the lacc gene, indicating requirement of the cpc-1 gene for transcriptional activation of the lacc gene. In Northern blots probed with plasmid pABI, which bears arg-2 a gene whose transcription is under the control of CPC1, the level of the arg-2 transcript was shown to increase several-fold in wild-type mycelia but remained low in cpc-1 mycelia, after treatment with cycloheximide. This suggests that inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide, as well as amino acid limitation, elicits the CPC1-mediated cross-pathway control. Characterization of the lacc upstream region using a series of 5′-deletion plasmids led to the identification of a 170 bp DNA region required for the induced lacc expression. Sequence analysis of this DNA region demonstrated that it includes a 9 by sequence with dyad symmetry, ATGAATCAT which differs only by a central base pair from ATGA(C/G)TCAT the recognition sequence characteristic of CPC1 and GCN4 binding sites. Possible mechanisms by which CPC1 mediates transcriptional activation of the lacc gene are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284203
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of trehalase activity on a nitrogen-free medium: A sporulation-specific event in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1981)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 183 (1981), S. 32-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Kinetic experiments with synchronously sporulating cultures of a homothallic h90 strain of Schizosaccharomyces pombe showed that trehalase activity abruptly increased in the late sporulation process, coinciding with the appearance of visible spores. Trehalase activity was absent in vegetative cells. A set of strains different in genetic constitution at the mating type loci was tested for induction of trehalase on nitrogen-free sporulation medium. The appearance of trehalase activity on the sporulation medium was observed only in sporulating cultures; cultures of homothallic strains (h90) and diploid strains heterozygous for mating type (h+/h−), and mixed cultures of heterothallic h+ and h− strains. Trehalase activity was not induced in nonsporogenic strains: heterothallic haploid strains (h+ and h−), diploid strains homozygous for mating type (h+/h+ and h−/h−) and the homothallic strain harboring the mutation in the mat2 gene, which was unable to undergo the first meiotic division. Trehalose accumulation on the sporulation medium was observed solely in the sporulating cultures. These results led us to conclude that the induction of trehalase activity as well as the accumulation of trehalose in the medium lacking nitrogen sources was a sporulation-specific event under the control of the mating type genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270134
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel phenotype of an excision-repair mutant in Neurospora crassa: Mutagen sensitivity of the mus-18 mutant is specific to UV (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 228 (1991), S. 33-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Neurospora crassa ; Excision repair ; UV mutagenesis ; Liquid-holding recovery ; Pyrimidine dimer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A UV-sensitive mutant has been isolated from UV-mutagenized conidia of Neurospora crassa. The mutation responsible for the lesion was mapped in linkage group VL, proximal to the nucleolus organizer region. We designated the mutant mus-18. The sensitivity of the mus-18 mutant to UV-irradiation was not particularly high, being less than twice that of the wild-type strain. However, the frequency of mutations at the ad-3 loci induced by UV was extremely high even at low doses, under conditions where survival rates of mus-18 cells were almost identical to those of wild-type cells. Photoreactivation of UV damage was normal in the mus-18 mutant. Sensitivity to other mutagens, such as gamma rays, 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide, N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, mitomycin C and methyl methanesulfonate, was similar to that of the wild type. Fertility of the mus-18 mutant was normal in homozygous crosses. These results suggest that mus-18 is an excision-repair mutant. Measurement of endonuclease-sensitive sites (ESS) after liquid-holding recovery from UV damage revealed that ESS remained unrepaired for longer than 18 h in the mus-18 mutant, while most were eliminated within 6 h in wild-type cells and in other UV-sensitive mutants. This result suggests that mus-18 is defective in the incision step of dimer excision. The mus-18 mutant provides the first example of an excision-defective mutation in eukaryotes, which is specific to UV damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282444
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Neurospora uvs-2 gene encodes a protein which has homology to yeast RAD18, with unique zinc finger motifs (1993)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 238 (1993), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Neurospora crassa ; DNA repair ; RAD18 ; uvs-2 ; Zinc finger motif
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A clone containing the DNA repair gene uvs-2 of Neurospora crassa was identified from a Neurospora genomic DNA library using the sib-selection method. Transformants were screened for resistance to methyl methane sulfonate (MMS). A DNA fragment that complements the uvs-2 mutation was subcloned by monitoring its ability to transform the uvs-2 mutant to MMS resistance. Deletion analysis of the cloned DNA indicated that the size of the uvs-2 gene is approximately 1.6 kb. The identity of the uvs-2 gene was verified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) mapping. The sensitivity of the transformant to three different mutagens was similar to that of the wild-type strain. Nucleotide sequences of genomic DNA and cDNA of the uvs-2 gene indicated that it has an open reading frame (ORF) of 1572 by with a 69 by intron in the middle of the sequence. Two transcription initiation sites located around 73 by and 290 by upstream of the translation initiation codon were identified by primer extension experiments. Northern analysis revealed that the nature transcript of the uvs-2 gene was about 1.8 kb long. The uvs-2 gene ORF is deduced to encode a polypeptide of 501 amino acids with a molecular mass of 54 kDa. The proposed polypeptide has 25% identity to the RAD18 polypeptide of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and contains two unique zinc finger motifs for nucleic acid binding. Similarities between the phenotypes of the rad18 and uvs-2 mutants suggest that the uvs-2 gene encodes a protein which is involved in postreplication repair, rather than excision repair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279551
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