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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 367 (2000), S. 340-342 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Several attempts to produce conducting polymer based all-solid-state reference electrodes are presented. Open circuit potential of conducting polymers is redox sensitive and Donan equilibrium dependent. Therefore, more sophisticated constructions are necessary. Most promising were bilayers composed of conducting polymers with different ion-exchanger properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 289-292 (Aug. 1998), p. 107-116 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 44-45 (Jan. 1991), p. 191-204 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solid state electrochemistry 2 (1998), S. 60-66 
    ISSN: 1433-0768
    Keywords: Key words Conducting polymers ; Polypyrrole ; Membranes ; Ion conductivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Electrochemical dc and ac measurements were carried out on free-standing polypyrrole (ppy) membranes to study the ion conductivity and permselectivity of the polymer as a function of the oxidation state. The membranes were prepared by electropolymerisation and mounted in a two-compartment cell, where the oxidation state of the ppy membrane could be adjusted by potentiostatic polarisation and the ion conductivity and permselectivity of the polymer could be measured in a symmetrical electrolyte/membrane/electrolyte configuration. Combining constant current permeation experiments with solution analysis using ion chromatography (IC) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), it was demonstrated that ppy exhibits not only an appreciable ion conductivity but also a distinct permeability and selectivity for anions in the oxidised state. Incorporation of immobile anions like dodecylsulfate or copolymerization with a modified pyrrole monomer like N-sulfopropyl-pyrrole carrying a sulfonate group leads to modified membranes which exhibit distinct cation permselectivity in the reduced state. Such a membrane can be switched dynamically between anion and cation permeability through electrochemical oxidation and reduction of the polymer backbone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 23 (1993), S. 707-714 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Three-dimensional electrodes of cylindrical geometry, with current and electrolyte flows at a right angle, can be realized with an inner or outer position of the counter electrode. Furthermore, in the case of the fluidized bed the performance of the electrode is also influenced by the position of the current feeder. For the packed bed and the fluidized bed the limiting current analysis has been applied to calculate the variation of overpotential within the bed in relation to the penetration depth of the diffusion limited current density. Results obtained for both cylindrical geometries are compared with those of a rectangular electrode. In the case of a packed bed electrode the largest penetration depth of the limiting current density is offered by the cylindrical design with the counter electrode in an outer position. For fluidized bed electrodes the situation is more complex, depending on the ratio of the solution phase to the particulate phase resistance which is a function of the resistivity and the geometric parameters. However, the configuration with an outer counter electrode is generally more advantageous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 20 (1990), S. 677-685 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electrochemical d.c. and a.c. measurements have been carried out on porous Raney nickel in H2-saturated 0.1 M, 1 M, and 6 M NaOH solutions atT=303 K and 333 K using rotating-disc and static-plaar electrodes. For comparison, measurements were also performed on graphite-cloth and graphite-felt electrodes. From polarization curves and current transients obtained in the potential range of the hydrogen evolution and hydrogen oxidation reactions the dependence of the electrocatalytic activity of Raney nickel on the prepolarization conditions was studied. Impedance spectra in the frequency range 1 mHzf 10 kHz were used to determine the characteristic pore parameters and to identify the kinetic behaviour of the porous electrodes by application of transfer function analysis using non-linear fit routines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 9 (1979), S. 161-169 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of underpotential Pb- and Tl-adsorbates at rotating disc silver single crystal surfaces (111), (100), and (110) on the kinetics of ‘outer-sphere’ and ‘inner-sphere’ redox reactions was studied in 0.5 M NaClO4 and 0.5 M Na2SO4 solutions (2 〈 pH 〈 4) containing Fe3+, Ce4+ or NO 3 − ions. While the reduction of Fe3+ and Ce4+ under limiting diffusion conditions was not affected by the metal adsorbates, a strong inhibition effect correlated to the degree of Pb- or Tl-adsorbate coverages was observed in the case of the reduction process in the presence of NO 3 − ions. The results are interpreted in terms of a strong chemical interaction between the reactant or a reaction intermediate and the silver substrate, taking into account the previously proposed superlattice structures of the metal adsorbates, depending on the orientation of the silver single crystal surfaces and on the underpotential range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 31 (1980), S. 358-363 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Korrosionshemmende Wirkung von durch Unterpotentialabscheidung erzeugten Metallüberzügen auf EisenDas Polarisationsverhalten von Eisen in Perchlorat-, Chlorid-und Sulfatgrundelektrolyten im pH-Bereich 0,3 ≤ pH ≤ 3,5 kann durch Zugabe geringer Mengen von Schwermetallionen Mez+ = Pb2+, Tl+ drastisch verändert werden. Bei Potentialen, die positiver als das Gleichgewichtspotential der entsprechenden Me/Mez+-Elektrode sind, tritt eine starke Inhibition sowohl der aktiven anodischen Eisenauflösung als auch der durchtrittskontrollierten kathodischen Wasserstoffentwicklung ein. Dieser Effekt läßt sich mit der Ausbildung einer kompletten Me-Adsorbatbedeckung auf der Eisenoberfläche, entsprechend einer Unterpotentialabscheidung von Mez+, deuten. Während in entlüfteter Lösung ein Inhibitionsfaktor von 98% erzielt werden kann, wird die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit in belüfteten Lösungen an rotierenden Elektroden praktisch nicht erniedrigt. Im letzteren Fall ist die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit im wesentlichen durch die bulk-diffusionskontrollierte Sauerstoffreduktion bestimmt, die durch das Metalladsorbat nahezu unbeeinflußt bleibt. In salzsauren Lösungen muß eine Konkurrenzadsorption von Cl- in Betracht gezogen werden.
    Notes: The polarization behaviour of iron in perchlorate, chloride and sulphate base electrolytes at pH values ranging from 0.3 ≤ pH ≤ 3.5 was found to be changed drastically by the addition of small amounts of the heavy metal ions Mez+ = Pb2+, Tl+ to the electrolyte solutions. At potentials positive to the corresponding Me/Mez+-electrode a strong inhibition of the active iron dissolution process as well as the charge transfer controlled hydrogen evolution was observed. This effect can be explained by an underpotential deposition of Mez+ leading to a complete coverage of Me-adsorbate on the iron surface. In deaerated solution an inhibition factor of 98% can be obtained, whereas in aerated solutions especially under rotating conditions the corrosion rate was not decreased. In the latter case the corrosion process is dominantly determined by the limiting diffusion controlled oxygen reduction reaction which was found to be not markedly inhibited by the metal adsorbates. In acid chloride solutions a competetive adsorption of Cl- must be taken into account.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 34 (1983), S. 290-294 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Active-passive transition of metalsThe importance of the Flade potential on the active-passive transition of metals is critically reconsidered. In contrast to previous results on iron it will be shown that this transition is a continuous process. Based on a kinetic model for the iron dissolution and passivation, a new interpretation of the active passive transition is given by which the previous thermodynamic interpretations of the Flade potential and its inconsistencies with experimental results is replaced.
    Notes: Die Bedeutung des Flade-Potentials für den Aktiv-Passiv-Übergang von Metallen wird einer kritischen Betrachtung unterzogen. Im Gegensatz zu früheren experimentellen Befunden wird gezeigt, daß dieser Übergang kontinuierlich erfolgt. Auf der Grundlage kinetischer Modellbetrachtungen wird am Beispiel der Eisenauflösung eine Neuinterpretation des Aktiv-Passiv-Überganges vorgeschlagen, wodurch die ursprünglichen thermodynamischen Interpretationen des Flade-Potentials mit den damit verbundenen Diskrepanzen gegenstandslos werden.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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