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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoscopic axillary exploration and sentinel lymphadenectomy (1999)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 13 (1999), S. 43-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Breast cancer — Sentinel nodes — Endoscopy — Axilla
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Minimally invasive approaches have changed the practice of surgery in several specialties. The purpose of this study was to develop a reproducible endoscopic technique for the evaluation of the axilla in breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 23 patients with biopsy-proven breast carcinoma were enrolled. Patients were positioned in the supine position with the ipsilateral arm abducted at 90°. A 1-cm skin incision was made at the superior aspect of the axilla. Dissection was carried bluntly to the lateral border of the pectoralis major. A balloon distention device was inserted into the tract and distended under endoscopic vision to create a working space. Insufflation was initiated up to a pressure of 8 mmHg. A 30° laparoscope was introduced for visualization of axillary contents. One or two additional 5-mm cannulas were placed as needed under direct visualization. Manipulation of axillary contents was performed, and in 19 patients a sentinel node identification technique was applied. Results: In all patients, using insufflation and minimal instrument dissection, the axillary vein, long thoracic, and thoracodorsal nerves were found in their usual anatomical locations. Utilizing blunt and sharp dissection, the axilla was thoroughly inspected, and individual lymph nodes were easily identified and extracted. In 11 of 19 patients, a sentinel node or blue dye was identified using isosulfan blue. There was a procedure concordance of 84%, and there were no complications. Conclusions: We describe a novel endoscopic technique for the evaluation of the axilla in breast cancer patients. This technique allows (a) creation of a minimally invasive working space within the axilla, (b) recognition of key axillary anatomic landmarks, and (c) instrument manipulation within the axilla to identify and extract lymph nodes, and apply the sentinel node technique. This is the first report of a minimally invasive approach to axillary exploration to employ sentinel lymph node mapping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900895
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intraabdominal adhesion formation after preperitoneal dissection in the murine model (1999)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 13 (1999), S. 14-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Adhesions — Herniorraphy — Inguinal hernia repair — Laparoscopy — Peritoneum — Totally extraperitoneal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The laparoscopic approach to hernia repair has been advocated by many as a potentially superior method of herniorraphy. Several techniques have been described, each with its own proposed advantages. These techniques involve different anatomic approaches, the most recent of which is the totally extraperitoneal approach (TEPA). One presumed advantage of the extraperitoneal approach is the avoidance of adhesion formation because the peritoneum is not entered and mesh is not placed in direct contact with intra-abdominal structures. We hypothesize, however, that when the peritoneum is dissected from the abdominal wall, it is partially devascularized, leading to scar formation and potential adhesion formation. This would suggest that the TEPA method of herniorraphy may not completely avoid the risks of intra-abdominal adhesion formation. Methods: After appropriate approval was obtained, 88 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two equal groups. One group underwent laparotomy followed by careful blunt dissection of the peritoneum from the left abdominal wall. The control group underwent laparotomy without manipulation of the peritoneum. All animals were re-explored 14 days later, and the abdominal cavity was examined for adhesions. The type and location of any adhesion was recorded. Results: Adhesion formation occurred in 10 of 44 (23%) subjects in the peritoneal dissection group, compared with 3 of 44 (7%) in the nondissection group (p 〈 0.05). Conclusions: Dissection of the peritoneum from the overlying abdominal wall in the murine model leads to intra-abdominal adhesion formation. This suggests that peritoneal dissection in the TEPA method of herniorraphy may lead to intra-abdominal adhesion formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900888
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the learning curve of the AESOP robot (1997)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 11 (1997), S. 54 -55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopy — AESOP robot — Learning curve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: As the variety of procedures performed with laparoscopic technology increases, the skill levels and equipment demands also increase. Laparoscopic appendectomy, hernia repair, colon resection, and Nissen fundoplication all require someone whose only responsibility is to control the laparoscope and therefore the operative field. This is usually the most inexperienced person on the operating team. The Automated Endoscope System for Optimal Positioning (AESOP) robot provides a means to eliminate the need for the camera person, returns control of the camera and operative field to the operating surgeon, and enhances human performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acquisition of skills to control the laparoscope in a satisfactory fashion. Methods: We selected medical students as our study group because they have no prior experience in laparoscopic procedures. They performed a readily reproducible task in a pelvic trainer with hand control and with the AESOP robot. Their initial times are compared, as is the improvement in their times after 10 min of practice with the AESOP robot. Results: These data show that in this study group use of the AESOP robot was not as fast as hand control but the skill to use it was learned as quickly. Additional features of the robut such as a steady view and the ability to acquire images and return to them reliably are other advantages. Conclusion: The AESOP robotic arm provides a stable support for the laparoscope during laparoscopic procedures which can be manipulated by the surgeon. We found that the time required to learn control of the laparoscope manually and with the AESOP robot is equal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900294
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Common bile duct T-tubes (1998)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 60-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Bile leak — T-tube — Biliary tree
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Operations on the common bile duct can result in severe long-term consequences. To prevent some of these complications, it is common practice to drain the biliary tree with a T-tube. The T-tube is usually removed 2 weeks after it was placed. There have been numerous reports of bile leak following T-tube removal in the literature. These leaks can result in bile ascites, biloma, or bile peritonitis. Control of bile leaks can be accomplished in a number of ways, including endoscopically or radiologically placed stents or drains and radiologic techniques to drain the fluid collections. We describe a novel technique that can be utilized at the time of T-tube removal that will allow immediate control of the bile leak and prevent the complications of bile accumulation within the peritoneal cavity. We have performed fluoroscopic removal of T-tubes on two patients and found no complications with the technique. We have successfully visualized the T-tube tract in both patients. The T-tube tract can be visualized at the time of T-tube removal in an effort to prevent the complications of tract disruption and subsequent bile leak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900595
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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