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  • 1
    Title: UNIX-Tabellenbuch: für die Systeme UNIX-Version 7, UNIX-System III, UNIX-System V, SINIX, XENIX286, 4.2BSD, XENIX86
    Author: Bach, Fred
    Contributer: Baur, A. , Jansen, C. , Spies, G. , Bach, Fred , Domann, Peter
    Publisher: München u.a. :Hanser,
    Year of publication: 1985
    Pages: 207 S.
    Type of Medium: Book
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Menkes disease ; Copper deficiency ; Arterial elastic membranes ; Necroses ; Demyelination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two cases of Menkes disease belonging to different families are reported in order to illustrate different types of central nervous system involvement. In the first case which documents the sex-linked recessive inheritance, arteriographic studies have shown that the vascularization of the brain was severely impaired. Postmortem examination revealed lesions of the elastic membranes of large and medium calibre arteries, widespread and extremely severe necroses of grey and white matter with relative sparing of the territories irrigated by the vertebro-basilar system. The dendritic tree of the Purkinje cells was atrophied, somal sprouts were not found. Electron microscopy showed the mitochondria to be morphologically normal. In the second case, there was a bilateral demyelination predominating in the temporal lobes' white matter while arterial alterations and anoxic lesions were present but less prominent. The Purkinje cells were normal. Considering the role of copper as a co-factor for different enzymes, it is possible to explain many features of Menkes disease on the basis of a lack of copper (Danks et al., 1972a, b). Multiple elements play a role in the pathogenesis of the C.N.S. lesions: some alterations, such as the parenchymatous necroses, depend from circulatory disturbances related to arterial abnormalities; others, such as the demyelination, the dystrophic features etc., could be linked to various enzymatic deficiencies susceptible to interfere with postnatal myelination and differentiation of cell membranes as illustrated by the study of spontaneous and experimental animal diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 277 (1985), S. 276-283 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Retinoic acid ; Organ culture ; Adult human skin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adult human skin was cultured in wholeskin organ culture under chemically defined conditions. Retinoic acid was added to the culture at final concentrations of 5×10-7 and 5×10-6 M. Both concentrations elicited cell death in the upper epidermal layers and prevented the terminal differentiation of the cells to mature corneocytes. The inhibition of terminal differentiation was not permanent, as the corneocytes produced later during the culture showed no signs of inhibition. The upper vital cells in epidermis cultured with retinoic acid were very flattened and contained reduced amounts of cytoskeleton components. Fine, granular material not present in normal epidermis was oberved in both the intercellular spaces and the intracytoplasmic vesicles of retinoid-treated epidermis. The present results indicate that the response of normal human skin to retinoic-acid treatment involves the same kind of modulation of the epidermal structure previously described in embryonic avian and diseased human skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 279 (1987), S. 215-218 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Interleukin 1 ; Lymphocyte proliferation ; Lymphocyte subsets ; Atopic dermatitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied lymphocyte proliferation and subsets in ten atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and ten healthy controls. In addition, monocyte production of interleukin 1 (IL-1) was investigated. Mean numbers of total T cells, T-cells subsets, and B cells did not significantly differ between AD patients and controls even though the patients had slightly decreased amounts of suppressor T lymphocytes. Proliferative responses of AD patients to purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD), concanavalin A (ConA), or allogeneic cells did not significantly differ from those of healthy controls at optimal stimulant concentrations. In contrast, at suboptimal concentrations, AD patients showed a diminished response to all of these stimulants. Monocytes from AD patients elaborated clearly less IL-1 than those from healthy controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 280 (1988), S. 103-107 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Arachidonic acid ; Retinoids ; Fatty acids ; Keratinocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the effect of etretin (Ro 10-1670), the active metabolite of the widely used antipsoriatic drug etretinate (Ro 10-9359), on the incorporation and release of arachidonic acid in human skin keratinocytes. During 24-h culture, radioactive 14C-arachidonic acid was avidly incorporated into the cellular lipids of the keratinocytes. When the cells were cultured for another 48 h in fresh medium, 8.8%±0.3% of the incorporated radioactivity was released from the cells. The presence of etretin (10-8 M to 10-5 M) in the medium stimulated the release of radiolabel. With 10-5 M etretin in the culture medium, 13.0%±0.4% of the incorporated radioactivity was released, and this was accompanied by decreased labelling of phosphatidylethanolamine. This suggests that phosphatidylethanolamine may be an important source of the released arachidonic acid. Etretin pretreatment reduced the incorporation of 14C-arachidonic acid into diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, and cholesteryl esters. Pretreatment for 48 h with 10-5 M etretin reduced subsequent 14C-arachidonic acid incorporation into nonphosphorus lipids from a mean total of 8.2%±0.2% to 3.2%±0.1% (p〈0.001). These findings suggest that etretin interferes with the esterification of arachidonic acid into nonphosphorus lipids. Etretin was also found to cause changes in the fatty acid composition of keratinocytes. Following 48 h culture with etretin, the percentage amount of the fatty acids belonging to the n3 series was increased whereas that of palmitic acid (16:0) and palmitoleic acid (16:1n7) was decreased. In conclusion, our study suggests that etretin in therapeutical concentrations affects fatty acid metabolism in human keratinocytes in culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 270 (1981), S. 255-261 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: PUVA ; Suppressor cells ; Contact sensitivity ; Photosensitivity ; PUVA ; Suppressor-Zellen ; Kontaktüberempfindlichkeit ; Photosensibilisierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwei Patienten mit lang bestehender Kontaktempfindlichkeit auf Chrom wurden mit PUVA behandelt. Ein Patient, der gleichzeitig eine Photosensibilisierung aufweist, reagierte sehr günstig. Seine Haut besserte sich und die Lichttoleranz erhöhte sich. Dies war von einer Abnahme der Phototestreaktivität begleitet, die auf der PUVA-exponierten Haut (pigmentiert) graduiert werden konnte. Der Läppchentest und der Phototest auf der für PUVA geschützten Haut zeigte keine Verminderung der Hauttestreaktivität. PUVA-Behandlung verursachte eine Abnahme der Zahl der Rosettenbildenden T-Zellen und eine Intensivierung der Lymphocytenstimulation in beiden Patienten. Bei dem einen Patienten, der eine außergewöhnlich hohe PHA-induzierte Suppressor-Zellaktivität vor der Behandlung zeigte, wurden durch die Behandlung die Werte zur Norm zurückgebildet. Bei beiden Patienten wurde die PPD-induzierte Suppressor-Zellaktivität auf PWM deutlich durch PUVA-Therapie vermehrt. Andere Suppressor-Zellfunktionen waren nicht beeinträchtigt. Es wurde der Schluß gezogen, daß während der PUVA-Therapie wohl einige systemische immunologische Effekte auftreten können, der abschwächende Effekt auf die Kontaktsensibilisierung und Photosensibilisierung aber vornehmlich durch lokale Vorgänge in der Haut hervorgerufen werden.
    Notes: Summary Two male patients with longstanding contact sensitivity to chromium were treated with PUVA. One patient, suffering from concomitant photosensitivity, reacted very favorably; his skin lesions cleared and light tolerance increased. This was paralleled by a decrease in the photopatch test reactivity and by the extinction of the patch-test reactivity on PUVA-exposed (pigmented) skin. Patch and photopatch tests on PUVA-shielded skin showed no decrease in skin test reactivity. PUVA-treatment caused a decrease in the number of rosette-forming T cells and an increase in lymphocyte stimulation in both patients. In one patient, abnormally high PHA-induced suppressor cell activities were recorded prior to treatment; after PUVA therapy the values were back to normal. In both patients, the PPD-induced suppressor cell activity of PWM response was clearly increased by PUVA-therapy. Other suppressor cell functions were not much affected. It is concluded that while PUVA-therapy may produce some systemic immunological effects, its abating effect on contact sensitivity and photosensitivity is mainly mediated through local mechanisms in the skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 27 (1962), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Staphylococci are destroyed during the heat processing of both smoked and fully cooked hams. Although these organisms are capable of growth in the presence of sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, and sodium nitrite in the concentrations used in cored meats, they are readily destroyed in the presence, as well as the absence, of these agents at a temperature of 137° F. Twenty-two of 53 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were killed in excess of 99% after 10 min exposure at this temperature. Thirty-one strains exhibited more resistance, but were destroyed in excess of 99.9% after 60 min at 137°F. The significance of these results in terms of previous studies is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 9 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: It has been postulated that Langerhans cells (LC) provide tolerogenic signals in the local impairment of cutaneous immune functions and antigen-specific tolerance induced by UV radiation. Studies in vitro and ex vivo have indicated that UV radiation may down-regulate the expression of costimulatory molecules on LC, leading to reduced antigen-presenting function. In contrast, we recently observed an up-regulatory stage in the number of human epidermal LC with induced expression of B7 costimulatory molecules 12–24 h after solar-simulating UV radiation (SSR) in vivo. To examine the apparent discrepancy between the observed human LC responses in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo, we compared the three protocols in a parallel fashion. The intact skin as well as skin explants and epidermal cell suspensions from the same individuals were irradiated with a single erythematogenic dose of SSR. The expression of cell surface markers in the epidermal cells was analysed with flow cytometry 24 h later. The number of CD1a+/HLA-DR+ LC increased post-SSR in vivo by a factor of 2.8±0.4, whereas in irradiated skin explants ex vivo or in cell suspensions in vitro, reduced numbers were seen. HLA-DR expression intensities were found to have increased on DR+ and CD1a+/DR+ cells in vivo. Similarly, SSR induced B7-2 (CD86) expression in CD1a+ cells significantly in vivo (P=0.031) but reduced the expression ex vivo or in vitro. We conclude that the early up-regulatory stage of human LC number and membrane markers, recorded at 24 h after a single exposure to SSR, is exclusively an in vivo phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 34 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have studied the influence of variations in allergen concentration and UVA dosaging on the results of photopatch testing with the Scandinavian standard photopatch series in 29 patients with photocontact and/or contact allergy to 1 or several of the allergens in that series. Photocontact test reactions were more sensitive to allergen dilution than plain contact test reactions. Even dilution from the standard 5% to 2.5% or 1.25% significantly reduced para-aminobenzoic acid photocontact test reactions. Reducing the UVA dose from the standard 5 J/cm2 to 2.5 or 1 J/cm2 in 2 out of 5 cases turned a significant (++) reaction into a doubtful one (+). Increasing the standard UVA dose of 5 J/cm2 to 20 – 40 J/cm2 turned a single + photocontact reaction to trichlorcarbanilide and a single 1 + plain contact reaction to chlorhexidine into ++ reactions. In the majority of eases, however, neither photocontact nor plain contact test reactions were augmented by UVA doses up to 80 J/cm2. We conclude that a UVA dose of 5 J/cm2 is sufficient for eliciting photocontact allergic test reactions, and that a reduction of either the UVA dose level or the standard allergen concentrations of the Scandinavian photopatch test guidelines may cause loss of significant photocontact test reactions in a proportion of the cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 113 (1964), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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