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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root development of in vitro hybrid walnut microcuttings in a vermiculite-containing gelrite medium
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 51 (1992), S. 335-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Keywords: Juglans ; micropropagation ; root development ; rooting, substrate ; vermiculite ; walnut
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(92)90132-V
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of autoclaving amino acids on in vitro rooting response of wild cherry shoot
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 57 (1994), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Prunus avium ; Rooting ; Tissue culture
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(94)90037-X
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase and polyphenolic compounds in adult and rejuvenated hybrid walnut tree (1993)
    Springer
    Trees 7 (1993), S. 92-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Keywords: Chalcone synthase ; Juglans sp. ; Rejuvenation ; Phenylalanine ammonia lyase ; Polyphenolic compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary During the first growth phase of walnut (Juglans sp.) stump shoots, the concentrations of the two major phenolic compounds are not correlated with an increasing rate of shoot growth. The concentration of hydrojuglone glucoside (naphtoquinone) decreases as shoot growth rate increases, whereas the concentration of myricitrin (flavonol) remains constant. In contrast, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.5) activity is proportional to the growth rate of shoots. Rejuvenation, which induces a higher growth rate and vegetative propagation ability, results in an increase of both PAL and chalcone synthase (CHS, EC 2.3.1.74) activities and hydrojuglone glucoside/myricitrin ratio. Moreover, physiological ageing is characterized by an accelerated functioning of polyphenolic metabolism. Fluctuations in PAL activity are associated with changes in shoot growth rate and with rejuvenation, but PAL does not directly control the accumulation of flavonoid compounds during rejuvenation. On the contrary, mathematical correlation of CHS activity and flavonoid accumulation during annual shoot growth of both adult and rejuvenated trees, indicates that CHS is the rate-limiting enzyme of the pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225475
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological investigation of walnut cotyledon fragments for a better understanding of in vitro adventitious root initiation (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 15 (1996), S. 345-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words: Walnut cotyledon – Adventitious root formation – Tissue culture – Histological investigation – Auxin treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary. Rapid formation of adventitious roots by walnut cotyledon fragments in vitro was traced by light microscopy. It was shown that this plant model is characterized by two major develomental processes: a) confined elongation of the cotyledon petiole caused by a limited number of cell divisions and b) formation of a morphogenetic zone around each initially wounded vascular bundle within 36 h after detachment of the embryonic axis. During the first phase of development, granular storage protein bodies dissolved, and starch grains were deposited mainly in the distal portion of the cotyledon fragments. Rapidly, new globular protein bodies were formed, and phenolic inclusions accumulated in the vacuoles of epidermal and subepidermal cells and of individual cells close to the vascular bundles. Each adventitious root was found to be in continuity with a single vascular bundle of the cotyledon petiole. A short auxin treatment suppressed the formation of large roots and induced numerous tiny rootlets dispersed all over the surface of the cotyledons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050030
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological investigation of walnut cotyledon fragments for a better understanding of in vitro adventitious root initiation (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 15 (1996), S. 345-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Walnut cotyledon ; Adventitious root formation ; Tissue culture ; Histological investigation ; Auxin treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Rapid formation of adventitious roots by walnut cotyledon fragments in vitro was traced by light microscopy. It was shown that this plant model is characterized by two major developmental processes: a) confined elongation of the cotyledon petiole caused by a limited number of cell divisions and b) formation of a morphogenetic zone around each initially wounded vascular bundle within 36 h after detachment of the embryonic axis. During the first phase of development, granular storage protein bodies dissolved, and starch grains were deposited mainly in the distal portion of the cotyledon fragments. Rapidly, new globular protein bodies were formed, and phenolic inclusions accumulated in the vacuoles of epidermal and subepidermal cells and of individual cells close to the vascular bundles. Each adventitious root was found to be in continuity with a single vascular bundle of the cotyledon petiole. A short auxin treatment suppressed the formation of large roots and induced numerous tiny rootlets dispersed all over the surface of the cotyledons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232369
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of antisense chalcone synthase RNA in transgenic hybrid walnut microcuttings. Effect on flavonoid content and rooting ability (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 38 (1998), S. 467-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: antisense RNA ; chalcone synthase ; flavonoid ; gene expression ; rooting ; walnut
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Walnut somatic embryos (Juglans nigra × Juglans regia) were transformed with a vector containing a neomycin phosphotransferase II, a β-glucuronidase and an antisense chalcone synthase (chs) gene. This antisense construct included a 400 bp cDNA fragment of a walnut chs gene under the control of the duplicated CaMV-35S promoter. Molecular, biochemical and biological characterizations were performed both on transformed embryos propagated by secondary somatic embryogenesis and on microshoots developed by in vitro culture of embryonic epicotyls from somatic embryos. Thirteen transformed lines with the vector containing the antisense chs gene, one line with only the gus and nptII genes and one untransformed line were maintained in tissue culture. Six of the antisense lines were shown to be flavonoid-deficient. They exhibited a strongly reduced expression of chs genes, very low chalcone synthase activity and no detectable amounts of quercitrin, myricitrin, flavane-3-ols and proanthocyanidins in stems. Rooting tests showed that decreased flavonoid content in stems of antisense chs transformed lines was associated with enhanced adventitious root formation. Free auxin and conjugated auxin contents were determined during the latter phase of the micropropagation, and no variations were detected between control and antisense chs transformed lines. The in vitro plants developed a large basal callus and apical necrosis upon auxinic induction and the transformed lines highly deficient in flavonoids were more sensitive to exogenous application of indolebutyric acid (IBA).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006034709501
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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