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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heart Rate Acceleration and its Relationship to Total Serum Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Blood Pressure Reactivity in Men with Mild Hypertension (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 25 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: This study investigated heart rate (HR) acceleration and its relationship to serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure reactivity in a group of men with unmedicated mild hypertension. Each man's cardiovascular responses were monitored as he performed the Stroop Color Word Interference test and played the Pac Man Videogame. In comparison to their low HR accelerator counterparts, high HR accelerators manifested greater systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses during behavioral challenge. Moreover, high HR accelerators exhibited higher levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides than low HR accelerators, even though these determinations were made from blood drawn during the clinic visit that preceded the clinic visit where cardiovascular reactivity was assessed. Heart rate acceleration and its positive association with serum lipids, as well as its role as a potential individual difference relevant to the profiling of persons at greater risk for the development of atherosclerosis were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1988.tb00955.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vigilance to a persisting personal threat: Unmasking cardiovascular consequences in adolescents with the Social Competence Interview (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Psychophysiology 41 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: We report the first systematic study of hemodynamic responses to the Social Competence Interview, using the original Ewart protocol, which focuses attention on a persisting personal threat. Physiologic changes in 212 African American and Caucasian urban adolescents during the Social Competence Interview, mirror tracing, and reaction time tasks showed that the Social Competence Interview elicits a pronounced vasoconstrictive response pattern, with diminished cardiac activity, that is more typical of alert mental vigilance than of active coping. This pattern was observed in all race and gender subgroups. Results suggest that the Social Competence Interview may be a broadly useful procedure for investigating the role of threat-induced vigilance in cardiovascular and other diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2004.00199.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contributors to the Appraisal of Major Life Changes: Gender, Perceived Controllability, Sensation Seeking, Strain, and Social Support (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied social psychology 20 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1559-1816
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: This study investigated relationships between the appraisal of life events and gender, locus of control, social support, strain, and sensation seeking. In group sessions, undergraduate males and females completed self-report measures assessing life events appraisals and self-report measures for the above individual differences. Analyses supported the notion that a range of these variables, previously shown to serve as moderators of life stress, are significantly related to the appraisals of life events. Moreover, in addition to the gender differences obtained for the perception of life events, gender was found to influence several associations between the individual differences and life events appraisal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1990.tb00395.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adolescent Adjustment and Coping Strategies (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of personality 58 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: This study examines the relation between psychosocial adjustment and coping strategies among college freshmen. Three hundred thirty-one college students completed the Inventory of Psychosocial Development (IPD; Constantinople, 1969) and the Adolescent Coping Orientation for Problem Experiences (ACOPE; Patterson & McCubbin, 1987) inventory. Factor analysis of the ACOPE scales revealed two factors interpreted to represent the coping strategies of “salutary effort” and “stress palliation.” For each subject a relative salutary effort score was calculated to reflect the proportion of coping efforts ascribable to mature, salutary coping efforts. Optimal adjustment was associated with adolescents whose reported means of dealing with tension reflected a high proportion of salutary effort. These findings, which support the notion of a covariation between styles of coping and psychological adjustment among adolescents, are discussed in light of psychosocial development, coping, and methodological issues related to research on coping and adjustment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1990.tb00240.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reliability and validity of the Appraisal of Diabetes Scale (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 14 (1991), S. 43-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: diabetes ; appraisal ; stress ; psychometrics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The present research evaluated the psychometric properties of a brief self-report instrument designed to assess appraisal of diabetes. Two hundred male subjects completed the Appraisal of Diabetes Scale (ADS) and provided blood samples that were subsequently assayed to provide an index of glycemic control (i.e., glycosylated hemoglobin). Subjects also completed either (a) additional measures of diabetes-related health beliefs, diabetic daily hassles, perceived stress, diabetic adherence, and psychiatric symptoms or (b) the ADS on two additional occasions. Results indicated that the ADS is an internally consistent and stable measure of diabetes-related appraisal. The validity of the measure was supported by correlational analyses which documented the relationship between the ADS and several related self-report measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00844767
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Family history of hypertension, gender, and cardiovascular reactivity and stereotypy during stress (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 4 (1981), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: family history of hypertension ; cardiovascular reactivity ; cardiovascular stereotypy ; blood pressure ; stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Thirty subjects with a family history of hypertension and 28 subjects without such a history performed a Stroop Color-Word Interference task, a mental arithmetic task (serial subtraction of sevens), and a shock avoidance task (repeating digits backward while expecting to be shocked for mistakes). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were recorded while subjects anticipated, undertook, and recovered from the shock avoidance task and undertook and recovered from the Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks. It was found that compared to nonfamily history subjects, family history subjects manifested reliably greater cardiovascular reactivity during each task and in anticipation of the shock avoidance task. These results are congruent with the notion that excessive sympathetic nervous system reactivity—possibly genetically determined—is involved in the development of some form(s) of essential hypertension. Further, the results indicated that family history subjects manifested greater consistency, or stereotypy, of cardiovascular response across the experimental tasks than nonfamily history subjects. The possible role of cardiovascular stereotypy in the development of essential hypertension is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00844269
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The type a behavior pattern, sex differences, and cardiovascular response to and recovery from stress (1981)
    Springer
    Motivation and emotion 5 (1981), S. 201-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6644
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Sixty-one subjects performed a Stroop Color-Word Interference task, a mental arithmetic task (serial subtraction of 7s), and a shock avoidance task (repeating digits backward while expecting to be shocked for mistakes). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were recorded while subjects anticipated, undertook, and recovered from the shock avoidance task, and undertook and recovered from the Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks. The results revealed that, compared to Type B subjects, Type A subjects manifested higher diastolic blood pressure during the Stroop and shock avoidance tasks and higher pulse rate following the mental arithmetic and shock avoidance tasks. No significant interactions were found between sex and A/B Type. The results are congruent with the notion that greater sympathetic nervous system activity among Type A individuals, both men and women, contributes to greater coronary atherosclerosis and heart disease in this group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993884
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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