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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutaraldehyde-fixed biological tissue calcification: effectiveness of mitigation by dimethylsulphoxide (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 39-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The conditions defining the extent of dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) effectiveness in mitigating calcification of glutaraldehyde (GA)-fixed tissue have been evaluated. Exposure of GA-fixed tissue porcine aortic valve cusps to low concentrations of DMSO does not impart calcification inhibitory activity. Mitigation in calcification becomes evident only as the DMSO component nears 100% and is best when neat DMSO is used. In all instances, regardless of the DMSO concentration, exposure to DMSO resulted in an increase in the tissue shrinkage temperature, attributed to further cross-linking in the tissue. Histological examination of samples before implantation indicate some deleterious effects to the tissue, the degree dependent on concentration, time and temperature of DMSO exposure. The results of this study suggest that treatment of GA-fixed tissue with high concentrations of DMSO for a short duration at a lowered temperature could give a bioprosthesis that has good mitigating calcification properties with retention of tissue integrity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008830611303
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and characterization of covalently bonded biopolymer-polypyrrole hybrid materials (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 6 (1999), S. 203-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Biopolymers ; Polypyrrole ; Polymer hybrids ; Hybrid materials ; Collagen ; Chitosan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of biopolymer-polypyrrole hybrid materials that can possess electrical conducting has been the focus of our laboratory. To date, we have only obtained intimate blends that at best, display ionic bonding interactions. In this paper we report on the preparation of biopolymer-polypyrrole hybrid materials with covalent bonding between the two polymer chains. This has been achieved by preparing several functionalized pyrrole monomers, followed by covalently bonding of these monomer to the biopolymer and finally, polymerizing the pyrrole monomer. The pyrrole monomers used were 4-(3-pyrrolyl)oxobutyric acid, 4-(3-pyrrolyl)butyric acid, 3-(3-pyrrolyl)propylamine and the biopolymers were collagen and chitosan. FTIR data show the presence of covalent bonding between the two polymer chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0089-9
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alginate-chitosan coacervation in production of artificial seeds (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 449-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: artificial seed ; sodium alginate ; chitosan ; complex coacervation ; encapsulation ; embryoid viability ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Survival of secondary embryoids of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera cv. Primor) has been used as an assay for the development of artificial seeds involving complex coacervation of alginate (polyanion) with chitosan (polycation). Germination frequency of 100% was achieved for encapsulated embryoids when alginate formed the inner matrix and chitosan the outer layer. When the matrix makeup was reversed, there was no germination of embryoids. The artificial seeds produced were hardened in dilute alkaline solutions of NaOH and Ca(OH)2. An optimum setting time could be selected based on a quantitative measurement of resistance of hardened capsules to compression and the germination frequency of the encapsulated embryoids. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420407
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-coat systems for encapsulation of Spathoglottis plicata (Orchidaceae) seeds and protocorms (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 59 (1998), S. 635-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Spathoglottis plicata ; orchid ; encapsulation ; two-coat systems ; complex coacervation ; artificial seed ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Complex coacervation of alginate-chitosan and alginate-gelatin were used to develop two-coat systems for the encapsulation of Spathoglottis plicata seeds and protocorms (top-shaped structures formed after seed germination of orchids). Both the seeds and the protocorms could withstand the encapsulation treatments with high viability. About 54% of seeds and 40% of large protocorms (1.6-2.0 mm) were able to tolerate a 6-h desiccation treatment. However, viability of the small protocorms (0.7-0.9 mm) was greatly reduced if they were desiccated before encapsulation. Encapsulation after desiccation significantly increased the percentage viability of seeds and protocorms. Treatment with abscisic acid (ABA, 10-5 M) before desiccation and encapsulation resulted in high percentage viability in seeds and large protocorms whereas the small protocorms were found to be less tolerant to the treatments. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 59:635-639, 1998.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High frequency production of embryos from liquid flask cultures of oilseed rape (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 54 (1997), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Brassica napus ssp. oleifera ; cell suspension ; somatic embryogenesis ; artificial seed ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: As part of the program to scale-up the production of artificial seeds of winter oilseed rape, Brassica napus ssp. oleifera, we established a liquid flask culture system that enables the high frequency production of freely suspended embryos. As many as 4000 embryos could be obtained from 1 mL packed-cell-volume of cells. For initiation of liquid flask cultures, four different types of callus tissues were used. Among them, the most embryogenic cell suspension cultures were obtained from spontaneous callus developed on the surface of secondary embryos precultured in medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (4.52 μM) and kinetin (0.46 μM) (type B callus). Growth curves of the cell suspension were determined and the cell suspension was able to grow in medium without plant growth regulators. Embryos were observed to developed directly from the cells without going through an obvious callus phase. When subcultured to agar medium containing 44.38 μM benzylaminopurine, about 43% of the embryos developed into plants. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 54: 231-238, 1997
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Moisture effects in lithium-doped polyimide films (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction of lithium-doped polyimide films with water has been investigated. Contact angle and water absorption/desorption measurements have been performed to obtain an idea of the hygroscopic nature of these lithium-doped films. Contact angles were found to decrease as the amount of surface lithium increased. Film water content was also found to increase as the weight percent of total lithium content in the film increased. This phenomenon has been used to rationalize the electrical resistivity-temperature profile of certain lithium films which display an increase in electrical resistivity upon drying.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230118
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of collagen with polypyrrole in the production of hybrid materials (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 35 (1994), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: collagen ; pyrrole ; polypyrrole ; hybrid materials ; biomaterials ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A series of collagen-polypyrrole hybrid materials have been synthesized by the chemical polymerization of pyrrole using FeCl3 as initiator in the presence of soluble collagen. The black color of the resulting materials indicates the presence of polypyrrole while collagen was verified by amino acid analysis of the hybrids. Collagen incorporation into the hybrid was found to be a function of pyrrole concentration used in the polymerization. When the concentrationof pyrrole was high, the collagen loading was low and vice versa. This inverse relationship was also found in the hybrids' electrical conductivity. A 26% collagen content in the hybrid gave a conductivity of 1.4 S cm-1 while a 4% collagen gave a higher value of 62.4 S cm-1. Thermogravimetric data suggest that the two polymers exist in the hybrid as a blend. The nature of the interaction of the components in the hybrid is believed to be strong since collagen could not be extracted despite denaturation with sodium dodecylsulfate.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1994.210350105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis and XPS characterization of iodine containing plasma polymers (1990)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 28 (1990), S. 923-929 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Plasma polymers derived from iodobenzene and four copolymers with benzene of varying monomer ratios have been synthesized. Samples were analyzed for qualitative and quantitative information using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The optimum conditions whereby a higher iodine content is obtained in the plasma polymer have been achieved. The results indicate that the use of a copolymerization approach is better. These plasma polymers were subsequently exposed to an oxygen plasma and it was found that oxidation and etching of the surfaces of the plasma polymers does occur. The extent of iodine loss via oxygen plasma etching appears dependent on the character of the plasma polymer.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1990.080280417
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Additive selection criteria for metal-doped polyimides (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 25 (1987), S. 471-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1987.140251201
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible water-swellable chitin gel (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 2049-2053 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: chitin ; reversible gel ; hydrogel ; carboxylmethyl-gel ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel, reversible, water-swellable chitin gel has been produced by the carboxymethylation of a dry chitin film. The property of this material is that unlike carboxymethyl-chitin, it takes up water but is not soluble and retains a degree of rigidity even when wet. The degree of swelling depends on the reaction conditions and alkali (sodium or potassium hydroxide) used as a co-reactant during the carboxymethylation. Upon drying, the gel returns to its dry film form. This water uptake and loss is cyclic, which is a desirable property in certain applications and is a tremendous advantage in the handling of this material. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 2049-2053, 1997
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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