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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 49 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Time-dependent structural decay (γ) of four different spreadable cheeses was established using a Wells-Brookfield cone and plate viscometer. The γ values were determined at constant values of shear rate, (10 set−1 to 200 sec−1). The products studied were two samples of commercial Neufchatel cheese (one plain and one chocolate flavored) and two different saqples of cheese prepared using the Maubois, Mocquot and Vassal (MMV) method, which utilizes milk concentrated by ultrafiltration. All samples presented a structural decay characterizable by two different rate constants. Yield stress for Neufchatel cheese was observed to be one-third of the values obtained for MMV cheeses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fermentation activity, biomass yield, and productivity in skimmilk and whey permeates by 10 lactose fermenting yeasts as influenced by pH, lactose and ash levels were reported. Aerobic fermentations by the three most active yeasts were conducted in whey permeates at 30° C and pH 5.6 during 120 hr. Low ash levels, approximately 1.5%, in permeates above 15% lactose accelerated complete sugar fermentation and high aeration rates led to significant increases in biomass. Maximum biomass yields at greatest efficiencies were attained with K. fragilis ATCC 8582. It gave 8 and 11g biomass (dry wt)/liter in 5 and 12% lactose permeates. Biomass production decreased markedly when the lactose concentration in permeates rose above 15%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 43 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A partially demineralized, delactosed whey product containing about 36% protein and 56% lactose was used to supplement corn meal together with soy flour and soy isolate. All four mixtures prepared contained 75% corn meal. Mixtures A and B had 5% and 22% lactose-hydrolyzed whey respectively, mixture D, 5% unhydrolyzed whey and mixture C used skim milk as in CSM. Protein content was standardized to 20% protein. Amino acid analysis revealed an increase in all amino acids except leucine with respect to corn. Processing, either roll-cooking or extrusion reduced the quantity of essential amino acids. PER values of all mixtures were not significantly different (P 〉 0.05) from casein. Functionally, the whey product reduces water absorption capacity but increases water and nitrogen solubility. Products from hydrolyzed whey, suitable for snacks or breakfast cereals, showed increased sweetness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A sensitive gas chromatographic method has been developed for betanitropropionic acid (BNP), a compound produced by certain molds. The method is based on extraction, isolation and derivatization of the compound to yield its pentafluorobenzyl derivative and determination by electron affinity gas chromatogiaphy. The structure of the derivative was verified by mass spectrometry. The method has been applied to the determination of BNP in mold filtrates and cheeses with a limit of detection of about 1 and 3 ppm, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pasteurized skim milk batches were concentrated by ultrafiltration in an Abcor UF-22s unit at 50°C to a maximum of 27.6% solids. The UF retentate was standardized with 67–69% fat cream and with ultrafiltrate or water to give a mixture according to cream cheese standards. This was inoculated with lactic acid cultures and processed into hot pack cream cheese according to industrial practices. The resulting cheese showed excellent shelf life and smoothness comparable with standard commercial cream cheese, but with much greater hardness of body. Some advantages noted were: greater efficiency in the utilization of milk solids, flexibility of standardization, and elimination of the whey draining steps. Active cultures were necessary to achieve the proper pH. Slower cultures showed difficulty in overcoming the strong, buffering capacity of the hot-pack cream cheese retentate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pasteurized skim milk for cheesemaking was studied for its physical and microbial properties after direct ultrafiltration, diafiltration and ultrafil-tration accompanied by simultaneous fermentation with concentration brought to maxima. Protein was increased to 72–74% of the dry matter in direct ultrafiltration retentates. Single diafiltration with or without simultaneous fermentation increased protein to 83.5% (dry matter) and double diafiltration to 88%. Lactose was reduced from 20% in the dry matter (direct ultrafiitrate retentate) to 9 and 4.7% with single and double diafiltration, respectively. The mineral content was not affected markedly by diafiitration, but simultaneous fermentation reduced ash content of retentate dry matter by 1%. Permeation rate correlations with the logarithm of total solids or protein in the retentate were statistically significant (r2= 0.99**). Refractive index readings during concentration also gave statistically significant correlation with total solids (r2= 0.99**).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 43 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An acid lactase β-galactosidase preparation and standard wine yeast Saccharomyces cervisae were used to simultaneously hydrolyze lactose and ferment the resulting simple monosugars to ethanol. A standardized fermentation whey medium, prepared from a reverse osmosis-heat evaporated concentrate of 24% lactose, 0.25–1.0g per liter of lactase enzyme and a 2% yeast inoculum, gave a potentially acceptable whey wine. It contained 11–12.2% (vol/vol) of ethanol within 10–15 days of fermentation at 30°C. The fermentation efficiency ranged from 76–81%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 41 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Response Surface Analysis (RSA) was used to study the effect of three variables, process temperature (120, 145 and 170°C), feed moisture content (20, 30 and 40%) and screw speed (800, 900 and 1000 rpm) on extrudate characteristics. Unheated soybean flakes extruded under different conditions were subjected to Warner-Bratzler shear (WBS), water absorption (WA) measurements and residual trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) assays. Low feed moisture contents induced higher internal heat production causing residual TIA in the product to be lower than expected, WA to increase and WBS to be independent of process temperature (at constant screw speed of 900 rpm). Variation of screw speed permitted the attainment of desired values of product characteristics when moisture and temperature had to be fixed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 40 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 35 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— Bactofugation, a continuous centrifugal process of removing microorganisms from liquid foods, was applied at 9.000 g force to chilled and heated apple juice at a rate of 1,600gph. A reduction 99.8% in total bacterial count and 99.9% yeast-mold count of fresh apple juice processed at 7° was obtained. Bactofugating chilled apple juice was more effective than bactofugating apple juice heated to 54°C and presented certain operational advantages. Bactofugated, chilled apple juice retained the same flavor as untreated, fresh apple juice and remained fresh 22 days at 5°C, compared to about 5 days for the untreated apple juice. The simplicity of bactofugation, its relatively high put-through capacity and its effective reduction of microbial populations in fresh apple juice suggest that the process has potential application toward improving the keeping quality of this food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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