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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1987), S. 1261-1263 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 35 (1989), S. 1351-1357 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mittels eines Heraeus TA 500 Thermoanalysensystemes wurden isotherme Größenveränderungen von Dentalamalgamen während des Setting und der 24 Stunden nach der Kondensation untersucht. Die Größenveränderungen der vier Amalgamgrundtypen (am Beispiel von Amalcap, Spheralloy, Sybralloy und Dispersalloy) wurden auf der Grundlage ihrer Teilchengröße und -form sowie auf der Grundlage ihrer Zusammensetzung erklärt.
    Abstract: Резюме С помощью термическо й системы Хераус ТА 500 б ыли изучены изотермичес кие размерные изменения четырех типов зубных амальгам во время их отверждения и в последующие 24 часа пос ле их конденсации. Изу чены четыре типа зубных ам альгам: обычная обточенная амальгам а с низким содержание м меди (Эмелькеп), обычная сфе рическая амальгама с низким содержанием меди (Сфераллой), тройн ая однокомпозиционная с высоким содержание м меди (Сибраллой) и смеш анная амальгама с выс оким содержанием меди (Дис персаллой). Изменения размеров э тих четырех типов ама льгам были объяснены на основе р азмера и формы их частиц, а также на ос нове их составных ком понентов.
    Notes: Abstract The isothermal dimensional changes of four types of dental amalgams during the setting and for the next 24 hours after condensation have been studied by means of a Heraeus TA 500 thermal analysis system. The four types of dental amalgams were the lathe-cut conventional lowcopper amalgam (Amalcap), the spherical conventional low-copper amalgam (Spheralloy), the ternary unicomposition high-copper amalgam (Sybralloy) and the admixed high-copper (Dispersalloy) amalgam. The dimensional changes of the four types of amalgams are explained on the basis of their particle sizes and shapes and their constitutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 3 (1985), S. 379-387 
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Montmorillonite ; intercalation ; heterogeneous catalysis ; dibenzoyl peroxide ; 4,4′-diamino-trans-stilbene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The decomposition of DBP was studied in the presence of DTS in an ethanolic homogeneous solution and with DTS intercalated in montmorillonite clay mineral as a heterogeneous reaction. The kinetic parameters obtained from the two systems were monitored and indicated that the homogeneous system follows second order reaction kinetics for DBP, whereas the heterogeneous one follows a three-halves order. The heterogeneous system was found to possess higher catalytic efficiency and the reaction was shown to take place within the internal surfaces of the clay mineral. This was attributed to the great surface area of the catalyst, Lewis and Brönsted acid sites and its great ability to sorb the polar organic species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 29 (1984), S. 131-137 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung DSC wurde zur Unterscheidung zwischen γ1- und γ2-Phasen in Zahnfüllungslegierungen herangezogen. Vier verschiedene Typen von Dentalamalgamen wurden untersucht: konventionelle “lathe cut”-Legierungen, konventionelle “spheralloy”, Nicht-γ2-disperslegierung und ternäre Legierung (“sybralloy”). Die Nicht-γ2-legierung ergibt ein endothermes Signal bei 105°, das um 20–30° höher liegt als bei den konventionellen Legierungen. Diese Methode ermöglicht nicht nur die Anwesenheit von γ2-Pasen in Dentalamalgamen auf einfache Weise festzustellen, sondern dient auch zur Prüfung der Homogenität der Phasenverteilung in Legierungspartikeln.
    Abstract: Резюме Дифференциальная ск анирующая калоримет рия была использована дл я определения различий между γ1 и γ2 ф азами в четырех различных зубных спл авах: обычных сплавах, отшлифованн ых на токарном станке, обычном сферическом сплаве, н ерассипном-γ2 сплаве и тройном спла ве. Результаты показа ли, что нерассипной-γ2 сп лав показывает характерный эндотер мический пик около 105°, который на 20–30° выше та кового в обычных сплавах. Мет од позволяет не тольк о просто идентифицировать на личие доминирующих γ2 Фаз в зубных амальг амах, но также случит для проверки гомоген ности фазового распределе ния в частицах сплава.
    Notes: Abstract Differential scanning calorimetry was used to differentiate between γ1 and γ2 phases in dental alloys. Four different types of dental amalgams were examined: conventional lathe cut alloy, conventional spheralloy, non-γ2 dispersalloy and ternary alloy (sybralloy). The results showed that the non-γ2 alloy produced a characteristic endotherm around 105°C, which is 20–30°C higher than that of the conventional alloys. This method is not only a simple means of identifying the presence of dominant γ2 phases in dental amalgams, but also serves to check the homogeneity of phase distribution in alloy particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Structural defects were introduced in lithium ammonium sulphate crystals (LAS) either in the process of crystal growth (in the form of foreign ions) or by neutron irradiation. The effect of such defects on the thermal properties of LAS crystals was studied in the temperature range 300–500 K. It was assumed that the doped LAS crystals are composed of a two-phase system having different thermal parameters in each phase. The specific heat at constant pressure, C p, of irradiated samples was found to decrease with increasing irradiation doses. The thermal expansion of LAS crystals was found to be dependent on neutron irradiation, and was attributed to two processes: the release of new species and the trapping process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 35 (1989), S. 2189-2197 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mittels thermomechanischer Analyse (TMA) wurde der lineare Ausdehnungskoeffizientα von vier verschiedenen, stomatologisch eingesetzten Amalgamen ermittelt. Die dynamischen Thermoexpansionsuntersuchungen zeigten für herkömmliche Amalgame bei 85 °C und für Hochkupferamalgame bei 105 °C ein interessantes Kontraktionsverhalten, welches mit den bei DSC-Untersuchungen beobachtbaren Endothermen zusammenfällt und das der Existenz der Phasenγ 2 undγ 1 zugeschrieben werden kann. Reine Emphasen wurden gefertigt und mittels DSC fürγ 2 bei 210 °C und fürγ 1 bei 120 °C charakterisiert. Wird dieγ 2 Phase mit Quecksilber angereichert, sinkt die Zersetzungsendotherme allmählich bis auf 85 °C ab. Der lineare Ausdehnungskoeffizient liegt für alle untersuchten Marken in einem Bereich von 15–35 ppm/deg. Die thermomechanische Analyse bekräftigt die früheren Ergebnisse bei der Charakterisierung von quecksilberhaltigen Phasen in stomatologisch eingesetzten Amalgamen mittels DSC.
    Abstract: Резюме Термомеханический а нализ был использова н для определения коэффиц иента теплового расширени я (а) четырех различных типов зубных амальгам: обыч ный токарнообработа нный сплав, обычный шарооб разный сплав, дисперс ионный сплав с высоким содер жанием меди и тройной сплав с высоким содержанием меди. Исследования динами ческого термического разшир ения показали интере сный характер сжатия окол о 85° для обычных амальгам и при 105° для а мальгам с высоким сод ержанием меди, что совпадает с э ндотермами, полученными методом ДСК, и что было отнесен о за счет наличия, соответстве нно,γ 2 иγ 1, фаз. Обе фазы в отдельност и были получены и были охарактеризованы ме тодом ДСК при 210° дляγ 2 и при 120° дляγ 1. При обог ащении фазыγ 2 ртутью эндотерма разложени я постепенно сдвигалась в сторону более низких темпера тур и достигала температу ры 85°. Для всех исследованных образ цов коэффициенты теп лового расширения находили сь в интервале 15–35ппм/град. Термомехан ический анализ подтв ердил полученные ранее мет одом ДСК результаты исследов ания ртутьсодержаши х фаз в зубных амальгамах.
    Notes: Abstract Thermomechanical analysis, TMA, was used to evaluate the linear thermal expansion coefficient,α, of four different types of dental amalgams: Conventional lathe-cut alloy, conventional spheralloy, high copper dispersalloy and high copper ternary alloy. Dynamic thermal expansion studies showed an interesting contraction behaviour around 85 °C for conventional amalgams and 105 °C for high copper amalgams which coincided with the endotherms produced by differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, and was attributed to the existence of theγ 2 andγ 1 phases, respectively. Pure single phases were prepared and characterized by DSC at 210 °C forγ 2 and 120 °C forγ 1. When theγ 2 was enriched with mercury, the decomposition endotherm showed gradual shift to lower temperatures and reached 85 °C. The value of the linear coefficient of thermal expansion ranged between 15 and 35 ppm/°C for all the investigated brands. Thermomechanical analysis has confirmed previous results achieved by DSC in characterizing mercury-containing phases in dental amalgams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1986), S. 112-114 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 20 (1996), S. 167-172 
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of different oil contaminants on the spontaneous ignition behavior of cotton fabric. A series of treated fabrics with different oil contamination percentages was investigated and compared. Measurements were designed and carried out to determine the average time-to-ignition and to study the thermal behavior of systems containing cellulose. The results showed that the time-to-ignition of the contaminated samples has notably decreased, particularly at relatively low temperatures (350-450°C). However, at higher temperatures such effects became insignificant. Differential Thermal Analysis measurements were used to explain the mechanism by which the oils affect the thermal behavior of the sample. The heat evolved due to the oxidation of the oil content is sufficient to increase the rate of cotton depolymerization at the expense of the dehydration mechanism. In other words, the heat evolved promotes the formation of volatiles which are not char precursors.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 16 (1992), S. 23-28 
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of some well-known flame retardants on the ignition behaviour of cotton fabric. Two types of flame retardants acting in different phases (e.g. condensed phase and gas phase) were used. At low add-on of the retardant acting in the condensed phase the ignition behaviour of the cotton is different from that treated with retardant acting in the gas phase. The condensed-phase retardant caused cotton to burn more rapidly than untreated fabrics. This was attributed to the fact that small add-on of the retardant makes the fuel for the flame available at a lower temperature. However, in the presence of sufficient amounts of retardant, the decomposition of cellulose becomes more directed towards the dehydration mechanism and thus the concentration of the flammable gases is insufficient to reach the flammability limits required. When gas-phase flame retardants were used, a linear dependency of ignition time on the concentration of additive was found. This is explained in terms of the dilution effect of this retardant on the fuel produced from the decomposing fabric.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 16 (1992), S. 45-51 
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Some zinc chelates were prepared according to conventional methods, and were mixed with polypropylene in the presence and absence of a halogenated compound (Cereclor 70). The effect of these chelates on the flammability and thermal behaviour of polypropylene was studied by measuring the limiting oxygen index values and by the use of thermal analysis. This results showed that these chelates are ineffective in reducing the flammability of polypropylene but their effectiveness is enhanced to varying extents by the addition of Cereclor.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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