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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition ofAzorhizobium andRhizobium by seed leachates (1992)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 8 (1992), S. 542-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Azorhizobium ; inhibition ; Rhizobium ; seed leachates ; Sesbania ; stem nodule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract During germination of seeds ofSesbania rostrata, S. aculeata andS. speciosa various constituents, including tannin, free amino acids, protein, nitrogen and sugars, were released. Tannin released byS. speciosa after 24 h was particularly high. The growth ofAzorhizobium andRhizobium were inhibited in the presence of these materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201959
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of Anabaena azollae from Azolla filiculoides in polyvinyl foam for ammonia production in a photobioreactor system (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Ammonia excretion ; Anabaena azollae (AS-DS) ; Benlate ; immobilization ; MSX ; photobioreactor ; polyvinyl foam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Anabaena azollae (AS-DS), isolated from Azolla filiculoides and grown in nitrogen-free medium, was immobilized in 5-mm-cube polyvinyl foam pieces and incorporated into a photobioreactor system for the production of NH3. NH3 was produced continuously and in significant amounts. Benlate (methyl-1-butyl-carbamoyl)-2-benzimidazole carbamate at 5 ppm and l-methionine-d,l-sulphoximine at 50 μm stimulated NH3 production continuously for a period of 1 week.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357564
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of high temperature on growth, nitrogen fixation, and chlorophyll content of five species of Azolla Anabaena symbiosis (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 7 (1989), S. 168-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Azolla ; Temperature ; Chlorophyll ; Nitrogenase ; Acetylene reduction assay (ARA) ; Anabaena spp.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Cultures of Azolla sp. ST-SI, A. microphylla BR-GI, A. mexicana BR-GL, A. caroliniana WT-V, and A. filiculoides BR -H were grown in N-free International Rice Research Institute growth medium in the glasshouse at 38±1 °C (day) and 25±1 °C (night) under a light intensity of 350 μEm2s−1 for 27 days. Biomass, chlorophyll contents and nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction assay) were recorded on the 19th and 27th day. For comparison the same parameters were studied in Azolla spp. under normal growth conditions at 26±1 °C (day) and 19±1 °C (night). Azolla sp. STSI and A. microphylla BR-GI had produced a larger biomass by the 19th and the 27th day of incubation than A. caroliniana WTV and A. filiculoides which showed poor growth. Under normal growth conditions A. caroliniana WTV and A. filiculoides BRH produced less biomass than the other Azolla spp. cultures tested. A. mexicana BR-GL had a higher total chlorophyll content in both incubation periods than A. caroliniana WT-V and A. filiculoides BR-H. The N content was high in Azolla sp. ST-SI, A. microphylla BR-GI, and A. mexicana BR-GL compared with the low N content of A. filiculoides BR-H and A. caroliniana WT-V. At the higher temperature (38±1 °C/25±1 °C) Azolla sp. ST-SI and A. microphylla BR-GI consistently showed a higher growth rate than A. filiculoides BR-H and A. caroliniana WTV, while the growth rate of A. mexicana BR-GL was intermediate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292577
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic Relationships of Algal Symbionts of Azolla and Free-Living Cyanobacterial Cultures Based on DNA Amplification (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America, Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 17 (1999), S. 45-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Azolla is a free floating water fern which fixes atmospheric nitrogen in association with nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena azollae. Random amplified polymorphic DNA technique was used to generate fingerprinting in symbiotic Anabaena azollae isolates viz., A. azollae-VBK-SK-AM, A. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/70415
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of immobilization of cyanobacteria in solid matrix on ammonia excretion and nitrogen fixing activity (1993)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 15 (1993), S. 975-978 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The algal symbiont of Azolla - Anabaena azollae (AS-DS) and free-living A.variabilis (SAo) colonized and immobilized well in all the solid matrices such as hollow fibre, polyurethane foam, cotton and silk cotton. Biomass production was more under immobilized state than under free-living state. Heterocyst frequency, nitrogen fixing activity and ammonia excretion were significantly higher under immobilized state than under free-living conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00131767
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on ammonia-assimilating enzymes of Azolla (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 88 (1985), S. 271-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Ammonia assimilating enzymes ; Anabaena azollae ; Azolla ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A field experiment was conducted and studied the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on ammonia assimilating enzymes of Azolla. Nitrogen and phosphorus at 30 and 60 kg/ha respectively were tested andAzolla pinnata was inoculated at 200 g/m2. The Azolla samples were drawn on 24th hr, 7th day and 14th day and the ammonia assimilating enzymes glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamine dehydrogenase (GDH) were estimated. Nitrogen and phosphorus have markedly suppressed the GDH activity but fertilizer nitrogen has no significant influence in inhibiting the enzyme activity of GOGAT and GS. In general phosphorus application also has stimulated the GS activity significantly during the first sampling period of 24th hour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02182453
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of certain fungicides on the production of enzymes byRhizoctonia solani (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 108 (1988), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: activity ; amylase ; cellulase ; enzymes ; fungicides ; invertase ; production ; Rhizoctonia solani
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of fungicidesviz. Benomyl, Carbendazim, Chloroneb, Kitazin, Edifenphos, Thiabendazole and Wettable ceresan on the production of enzymes byR. solani was studied. The fungicides tested were inhibitory to the production and activity of amylase, invertase and cellulase. The fungicides inhibited the growth of the fungus to a considerable extent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02375664
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of foliar spray ofAzotobacter chroococcum on rice crop (1980)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 56 (1980), S. 487-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azotobacter chroococcum ; Foliar spray ; Rice ; Water hyacinth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A field experiment was conducted with ADT-31 rice variety. Foliar spray ofAzotobacter chroococcum was applied on 15th, 30th and 45th day after transplanting of rice crop. The foliar spray of Azotobacter culture significantly increased the grain and straw yield of rice crop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143042
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of organic amendments on seedling infection of rice caused byRhizoctonia solani (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 62 (1981), S. 131-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Organic amendments ; Oil cakesRhizoctonia solani ; Rice Root ; Seedling infection ; Shoot
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Soils amended with organic amendments such as rice chaff, mustard cake, neem cake, saw dust and farm yard manure significantly reduced the seedling infection of rice owing toRhizoctonia solani. Significant increase in shoot growth was noticed in soils amended with organic amendments while reduction in root growth of rice seedlings was also observed owing to the addition of organic amendments such as sunflower cake, mustard cake, coconut cake and farmyard manure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02205032
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilized cyanobacteria as a biofertilizer for rice crops; Intl. Conference on Applied Algology, Knysna, South Africa, April 1996. (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 9 (1997), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: ammonia excretion ; biofertilizer ; cyanobacteria ; immobilization ; nitrogenase activity ; polyurethane foam ; rice ; sugarcane bagasse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract N2-fixing cyanobacteria (Anabaena azollae, symbiont strains) were immobilized in polyurethane foam and ammonia production by the cyanobacteria was investigated in the laboratory and rice field. The cyanobacterial symbiont, A. azollae - MPK-SK-AM-24 showed the highest growth rate and biomass production amongst the 5 isolates examined while A. azollae-AS-DS showed the highest nitrogenase activity followed by A. variabilis - SA0 (wild type, non-symbiotic). Treatment of the foam-immobilized cyanobacteria with the systemic fungicide Bavistin stimulated nitrogenase activity while inhibiting glutamine synthetase (GS) activity. Free-living A. azollae-MPK-SK-AF-38, A. azollae - MPK-SK-AM-24 and A. azollae-MPK-SK-AM-27 excreted the highest amounts of ammonia into the growth medium; under foam - immobilized conditions the ammonia production increased further. Treatment of the foam - immobilized cyanobacteria with the fungicides Bavistin and Vitavax resulted in ammonia production at significantly higher rates. Rice seedlings (var. ADT 36) grown in the laboratory in conjunction with foam - immobilized A. azollae showed increased growth. A field experiment with paddy rice and foam - immobilized A. azollae strains indicated that the cyanobacteria excreted significant amounts of ammonia into the flood water in the rice fields resulting in increased chlorophyll content of the plants and increased the rice grain and straw yields. A combination of fertilizer nitrogen and inoculation with foam - immobilized cyanobacteria also significantly increased the rice grain and straw yield. Additionally, both A. azollae and A. variabilis were immobilized in sugarcane waste (bagasse), added to rice paddy and resulted in increased rice grain yield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007962025662
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