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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 185 (1979), S. 333-346 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Chick embryo ; Limb bud ; Ultrastructure ; Cell death
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural changes in the wing bud afterapical ectodermal ridge (A.E.R.) removal was studied to re-examine the issue of distal mesenchymal cell death. The A.E.R. of the right wing bud was removed microsurgically from chick embryos of stages 18 to 22 (HH 1951). The wing buds were examined at three hour intervals up to twelve hours after the operation with light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The main findings were: (1) Immediate and temporary shrinkage of the mesenchymal extracellular space 100 to 150 μm and chromatin condensation in the cells 50 to 75 μm from the wound. (2) Death of ectodermal and mesenchymal cells in the immediate vicinity of the wound. (3) Formation of a single squamous-like layer of mesenchymal cells to cover the wound. (4) Occasional evidence of cell death in the distal mesenchyme at later times after the operation. The pattern of cell death observed suggests only a traumatic etiology, and gives little evidence for the postulated developmental significance of cell death following A.E.R. removal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 182 (1977), S. 213-225 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Subectodermal ultrastructure ; Early chick limb bud
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The ectodermal-mesenchymal interspace of the chick leg bud was studied at stages leading to the formation of the apical ectodermal ridge (A.E.R.) (stages 14 to 19 HH), using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The main findings were: 1. a continuous basal lamina under the ectoderm; 2. extracellular fibrils interconnecting the basal lamina and mesenchymal cell processes; 3. an increase in the number of the fibrils during these stages, with the highest number under the A.E.R.; 4. branching mesenchymal cell processes that spread over the basal lamina, making contact with it in all stages. The morphology of the interspace and the changes in it suggest that extracellular material may be significant in the ectodermal-mesenchymal interactions in the limb bud.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 16 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The periodontal status of 85 12–18 year-old Finnish adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and their paired, age- and sex-matched healthy controls was assessed clinically and radiographically. The clinical examination consisted of plaque index, gingival index (GI), retentive calculus index, WHO community periodontal index of treatment needs, number of pockets ≥4 mm and number of surfaces bleeding after probing. Alveolar bone loss was measured interproximally from the first molars in bite-wing radiographs (all subjects) and from the first incisors in periapical X-rays (patients only). The results show that in spite of similar plaque scores, the patients had higher GI scores and more surfaces bleeding after probing. No differences were found in the number of ≥4 mm pockets or radiographical bone loss in the first molars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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