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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blue light induces stomatal transpiration in wheat seedlings with chlorophyll deficiency caused by SAN 9789 (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 57 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Wheat seedlings (Truicum aestivum L. cv. Starke II, Weibull) grown in a solution of the herbicide SAN 9789 axe deficient in chlorophyll and carotenoids. Such seedlings were used in order to isolate a blue light response of stomata, not mediated by photosynthesis. When illuminated with blue light (430-505 nm) SAN-grown seedlings showed a considerable transpiration response, whereas red light (〉590 nm) gave no response whatsoever with the intensities used. The transpiration was measured with hygrometers in an open air-flow system. Furthermore, blue light had a superior effect, relative to red, in causing a transpiration response in untreated green seedlings. The transpiration level after two hours of illumination was higher in blue than in red light, although the blue light had its major effect immediately after the light was switched on. The difference between the effects of blue and red light was most pronounced at low light intensities. This, together with the high sensitivity of SAN-grown seedlings to low ntensity blue light, led to the conclusion that blue light is of special importance at low quantum fluxes. Because of the very low carotenoid content in the SAN-grown seedlings, the role of the carotenoids as photoreceptors for the blue light response of stomata was excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1983.tb02762.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytochrome is not involved in the red-light-enhancement of the stomatal blue-light-response in wheat seedlings (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 74 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The stomatal response to blue light (BL) in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Starke II, Weibull) was enhanced by background red light (R). This enhancement was only slightly affected by the addition of background far-red light (FR). Under similar light treatments, the addition of FR induced a 43% transformation from the far-red-absorbing form towards the red-absorbing form of phytochrome from etiolated oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Sol II), immobilized on phenyl-sepharose. Furthermore, the enhancement of the stomatal BL-response by 15 min R was not reversed by a subsequent irradiation with 5 min FR. It is concluded that the red-light-enhancement of the stomatal blue-light-response in wheat seedlings does not involve a change in the photostationary state of phytochrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb02016.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blue light regulation of stomata in wheat seedlings. II. Action spectrum and search for action dichroism (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 66 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The stomatal conductance response to low intensity blue light was studied in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Starke II, Weibull) under red background illumination. Reciprocity was shown to be valid for illumination times from 10 s up to about 2 min. The action spectrum, constructed from fluence rate response curves, showed a maximum peak at 445–450 nm, another peak at 470 nm, a slight shoulder at 420 nm and a plateau between 370–400 nm. The relationship with action spectra for other blue light responses is discussed. The blue light response of wheat stomata did not exhibit action dichroism (the direction of the electrical vector of polarized blue light did not influence the response of the guard cells).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb02410.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of elevated carbon dioxide, ozone and water availability on spring wheat growth and yield (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 108 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Dragon) was exposed to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), alone (1995) or in combination with two levels of increased ozone (O3) (1994) or increased irrigation (1996) during three successive growing seasons as part of the EU ESPACE-wheat programme and conducted in open-top chambers (OTCs) and ambient air (AA) plots at Östad, 50 km north-east of Göteborg, Sweden. Doubling the CO2 concentration had a positive effect on grain yield in all 3 years (+21, +7 and +11%, respectively), although only statistically significant in 1994. That year was characterised by a warm and dry summer in comparison with 1995 and 1996, in which the summers were more humid and typical for south-west Sweden. In 1994, the CO2-induced increase in grain yield was associated with an increase in the duration of the green leaf area, a positive effect on straw yield and on the number of ears per square metre and a negative effect (−13%) on grain protein concentration. Harvest index was unaffected by the elevated CO2 concentration. The only statistically significant effect of elevated CO2 in 1995 was a decrease in the grain protein concentration (−11% in both CO2 concentrations), and in 1996 an increase (+21%) in the straw yield. In 1996 the soil water potential was less negative in elevated CO2, which is likely to reflect a lower water consumption of these plants. Addition of extra O3 significantly affected the grain yield (−6 and −10%, respectively) and the 1 000-grain weight negatively (−3 and −6%). Statistically significant interactions between CO2 and O3 were obtained for the number of ears per unit area and for the 1 000-grain weight. The 1 000-grain weight was negatively affected by O3 in low CO2, but remained unaffected in the high CO2 treatment. There was a significant decrease (−6%) in the grain protein concentration induced by elevated irrigation. The chambers, compared with AA plots, had a positive effect on plant development and on grain yield in all 3 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2000.108001061.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blue light regulation of stomata in wheat seedlings. I. Influence of red background illumination and initial conductance level (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 66 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A red background illumination synergistically increased the sensitivity of the stomatal conductance response to low intensity blue light in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Starke II, Weibull). It also saturated the photosynthesis dependent mechanisms so that they did not respond to the low quantum fluence rates needed to activate the blue light mechanism. Thus dual beam experiments provide a suitable experimental approach to study the blue light mechanism for stomatal regulation in the intact leaf. Time course studies indicated that in short time experiments the enhancement effect of the red background light was primarily a result of the increase in conductance level rather than a direct effect of the red light. This was confirmed with experiments where the stomatal blue light response was enhanced due to partial stomatal opening in CO2 free air as well as due to circadian rhythm. During long term experiments the response to blue light gradually decreased. It could then, however, be restored by a simultaneous red background light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb02409.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of four years exposure to different levels of ozone, phosphorus and drought on chlorophyll, mineral nutrients, and stem volume of Norway spruce, Picea abies (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 114 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Saplings of one clone of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst, were planted in 120 l pots in 1991 and exposed to three levels of ozone, two levels of phosphorus and two levels of water supply in 42 open-top chambers (OTCs), during 1992–1996. The effects of pots and OTCs were also tested. Nutrient concentrations of the needles were not affected by ozone, while the low phosphorus supply (LP) and drought stress (D) treatments had significant effects on several mineral nutrients, e.g. phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, manganese, sulphur and boron. Ozone reduced the chlorophyll concentration in the 2- and 3-year-old needles in 1994 and 1995. The highest ozone concentration reduced the stem volumes (− 8%), as well as the stem lengths (− 5%), of the saplings in 1993 and 1994, after two and three years of exposure. After the fourth growing season this ozone-induced reduction in stem volume disappeared which might be caused by pot limitation. LP supply and D both caused large decreases in the stem volume and length. The needles from LP treatment had as high P concentration as 1.2–1.5 mg g−1, implying a need for increasing the critical value for phosphorus. The OTC enclosure stimulated the stem volume growth significantly compared to saplings growing in ambient plots. This was suggested to be attributed to the slightly higher temperature in the OTCs. The overall result is that ozone in southern Sweden is likely to have negative effects on Norway spruce trees, although much less than other environmental factors, e.g. water and phosphorus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1140205.x
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