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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions of palladium(0) phosphine complexes with terminal .alpha.-hydroxyacetylenes (1974)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 13 (1974), S. 27-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic50131a006
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intramolecular olefinic aldehyde Prins reactions for the construction of five-membered rings (1985)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 50 (1985), S. 4144-4151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00221a034
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Indirect Test Using Oxalate to Determine Physiological Resistance to White Mold in Common Bean (2000)
    Springer
    Crop science 40 (2000), S. 281-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the detection of physiological resistance to white mold [Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary] in the field is confounded by environmental factors and plant avoidance mechanisms. Development of a reliable screening procedure is needed to identify resistant bean germplasm and to develop resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine if oxalate, a primary pathogenicity factor of S. sclerotiorum, could be used to indirectly screen for physiological resistance to white mold in common bean. Cut bean seedlings were placed in a 20 mM oxalate solution in the greenhouse. Genotypes were rated based on differences in wilting response to oxalate. Oxalate ratings of the 27 genotypes were correlated with field ratings of a white mold disease severity index (r 5 0.58**) and incidence (r 5 0.57**), and negatively correlated with yield (r 520.50**). The oxalate test is an efficient method to indirectly test for physiological resistance to white mold in common bean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 4
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    Unknown
    Hut sites, Rock engravings, Stone arrangements, and Tjurunga. Mulligan River, Queensland (1968)
    Sydney : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The Australian Journal of Anthropology. 6:11 (1968:June) 563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1035-8811
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:4133-1968-006-11-000005
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Traits related to drought resistance in common bean (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 99 (1998), S. 127-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: drought ; drought intensity index ; drought susceptibility index ; geometric mean ; yield ; Phaseolus vulgaris L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is grown in regions where water deficits during reproductive development significantly reduce yield. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of specific phenological and physiological traits with drought resistance in common bean. Five genotypes were grown under and near a rain shelter in 1988, and an additional 16 progeny lines were included in 1990. Drought stress determined by the drought intensity index was severe (0.78) in 1988 and more moderate (0.63) in 1990. Water stress reduced the expression of most traits with the exception of days to flower and leaf moisture retention capacity. Seed yield among genotypes was reduced from 22 to 71% due to drought. Yield under stress was correlated with yield under nonstress in 1990 and negatively correlated with the drought susceptibility index in 1988. Yield components which exhibited the largest differential genotypic responses to stress were pod and seed number, whereas seed size was more stable. Genotypic variation was detected in all the partitioning indexes, chiefly harvest index and relative sink strength, and the heritability estimates for these traits were high. The limited genetic variability observed among water relations traits and their role in water conservation would restrict their potential use in the selection for drought resistance in common bean. The differential correlations between phenological, biomass and partitioning traits and the indexes for yield and drought susceptibility would suggest that the most effective approach in breeding for drought resistance in common bean would be based first on selection for high geometric yield followed by selection among the high-yielding individuals for low to moderate levels of the drought susceptibility index.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018353200015
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential marker-assisted selection for bc-1 2 resistance to bean common mosaic potyvirus in common bean (2000)
    Springer
    Euphytica 116 (2000), S. 211-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) ; bean common mosaic necrosis virus(BCMNV) ; epistatic resistance genes ; gene pyramiding ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; SCAR marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Pyramiding epistatic resistance genes to improve long term disease resistance has challenged plant breeders. Indirect selection using tightly linked markers will often facilitate the breeding of desired epistatic resistance gene combinations. In common bean, the most effective strategy for broad spectrum control of the bean common mosaic virus disease is to combine I, bc-u, bc-1 2, bc-2 2, and bc-3 genes. We describe the use of near-isogenic lines and bulked segregant analysis to identify a marker tightly linked with the bc-1 2 gene. The recessive bc-1 2 gene conditions resistance to specific strains of bean common mosaic virus and bean common mosaic necrosis virus and is masked by the bc-2 2 and bc-3 genes. We identified a RAPD marker completely linked (0 recombinants) with bc-1 2, based on 72 F3 progeny generated from a cross between the contrasting near isogenic lines (I + bc-1/I + bc-1 2). Segregation in this I gene background revealed that bc-1 2 was dominant to bc-1 in conferring resistance to top necrosis in the allelic series Bc-1 〉 bc-1 2 〉 bc-1. To facilitate marker-assisted selection of bc-1 2 across breeding programs, the RAPD was converted to a SCAR marker, designated SBD51300. Tight linkage (0 recombinants) was confirmed in a second population of 58 F2 progeny co-segregating for SBD51300 and bc-1 2 gene from a different source. Based on a survey of 130 genotypes, the SCAR will be useful for MAS of bc-1 2 in most beans of Middle American origin and snap beans, but will have very limited utility in the case of kidney and cranberry beans. The SBD51300 marker mapped on linkage group B3, revealing independence of bc-1 2 from the I gene on B2 and bc-3 gene on B6, which supports the opportunity to readily combine genes for broad spectrum and pyramided resistance to bean common mosaic potyviruses in a single bean cultivar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004006514814
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of RAPD markers in breeding for disease resistance in common bean (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; epistasis ; marker-assisted selection ; indirect selection ; linkage ; pathogens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Diseases are regarded as the leading constraint to increased common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production worldwide. The range in variability and complexity among bean pathogens can be controlled with different single gene and quantitative resistance sources. Combining these resistance sources into commercial cultivars is a major challenge for bean breeders. To assist breeders, a major effort to identify RAPD markers tightly linked to different genes was undertaken. To date, 23 RAPD and five SCAR markers linked to 15 different resistance genes have been identified, in addition to QTL conditioning resistance to seven major pathogens of common bean. We review the feasibility of using marker-assisted selection (MAS) to incorporate disease resistance into common bean. Indirect selection of single resistance genes in the absence of the pathogen and the opportunity afforded breeders to pyramid these genes to improve their longevity and retain valuable hypostatic genes is discussed. The role of markers linked to the QTL controlling complex resistance and the potential to combine resistance sources using marker based selection is reviewed. Improving levels of selection efficiency using flanking markers, repulsion-phase linkages, co-dominant marker pairs, recombination-facilitated MAS and SCAR markers is demonstrated. Marker-assisted selection for disease resistance in common bean provides opportunities to breeders that were not feasible with traditional breeding methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009612002144
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Breeding for yield in dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 102 (1998), S. 343-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: breeding pyramid ; combining ability ; gene pools ; ideotype ; partitioning ; wild species
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Strategies employed by dry bean breeders to improve yield include early generation testing, ideotype breeding, selection for physiological efficiency, and selection based on genotypic performance and combining ability across gene pools of Phaseolus vulgaris. Ideotype breeding has been successfully deployed to improve yield in navy, pinto and great northern seed types. The ideotype method is based on an ideal plant architecture to which breeders target their selection. Breeding for physiological efficiency is important in combining increased biomass, high growth rates and efficient partitioning. Genotypic performance and combining ability are also critical for yield improvement, since crosses between gene pools can exhibit negative combining ability and problems with lethality, whereas interracial crosses within the same gene pool exhibit the greatest potential. Breeders must work within specific constraints for growth habit, maturity, seed quality and disease resistance. A three-tiered pyramidal breeding strategy is proposed to facilitate yield improvement in dry bean. Breeding of elite, agronomically acceptable germplasm within the same market class is restricted to the apex of the pyramid. The intermediate level has fewer constraints and greater access to diverse germplasm. Interracial crosses within the same gene pool are utilized to exploit genetic differences within adapted material. Extracting genetic diversity from unadapted sources, including wild germplasm and other Phaseolus species, is conducted at the base of the pyramid. The objective of this breeding strategy is the movement of improved germplasm towards the apex, using different breeding procedures to optimize improvement at each tier of the breeding pyramid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018392901978
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An allelic series at the Co-1 locus conditioning resistance to anthracnose in common bean of Andean origin (2000)
    Springer
    Euphytica 116 (2000), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Andean resistance gene ; Colletotrichum lindemuthianum ; gene pool ; multiple alleles ; Phaseolus vulgaris
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In this study, we characterized the genetic resistance of the Andean bean cultivars Kaboon and Perry Marrow and their relation to other sources of anthracnose resistance in common bean. Based on the segregation ratio (3R:1S) observed in two F2 populations we demonstrated that Kaboon carries one major dominant gene conferring resistance to races 7 and 73 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. This gene in Kaboon is independent from the Co-2 gene and is an allele of the Co-1 gene present in Michigan Dark Red Kidney (MDRK) cultivar. Therefore, we propose the symbol CO-1 2 for the major dominant gene in Kaboon. The Co-1 is the only gene of Andean origin among the Co anthracnose resistance genes characterized in common bean. When inoculated with the less virulent Andean race 5, the segregation ratio in the F2 progeny of Cardinal and Kaboon was 57R:7S (p = 0.38). These data indicate that Kaboon must possess other weaker dominant resistance genes with a complementary mode of action, since Cardinal is not known to possess genes for anthracnose resistance. Perry Marrow, a second Andean cultivar with resistance to a different group of races, was shown to possess another resistant allele at the Co-1 locus and the gene symbol Co-1 3 was assigned. In R × R crosses between Perry Marrow and MDRK or Kaboon, no susceptible F2 plants were found when inoculated with race 73. These findings support the presence of a multiple allelic series at the Andean Co-1 locus, and have major implications in breeding for durable anthracnose resistance in common bean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004005001049
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