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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitroprusside and Cyclic GMP Stimulate Na+-Ca2+ Exchange Activity in Neuronal Preparations and Cultured Rat Astrocytes (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 64 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The effects of nitric oxide (NO)-generating agents on 45Ca2+ uptake in rat brain slices and cultured rat astrocytes were studied in the presence of monensin, which is considered to drive the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger in the reverse mode. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) at 〉10 µM increased monensin-stimulated Ca2+ uptake in the slices, although it did not affect high K+-stimulated Ca2+ uptake. Another NO donor, 3-morpholinosydnonimine, was effective. The effect of SNP was antagonized by hemoglobin (50 µM), a NO scavenger, and mimicked by 8-bromo-cyclic GMP (100 µM). In rat brain synaptosomes, SNP increased monensin-stimulated Ca2+ uptake, but it did not affect high K+-stimulated Ca2+ uptake. 8-Bromocyclic GMP, but not SNP, increased Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake significantly in synaptic membrane vesicles in the absence of monensin. In cultured rat astrocytes, SNP and 8-bromo-cyclic GMP increased Ca2+ uptake in the presence of ouabain and monensin, which were required for the Ca2+ uptake in the cells. These findings suggest that NO stimulates the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger in neuronal preparations and astrocytes in a cyclic GMP-dependent mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64062437.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dehydroevodiamine·HCl Prevents Impairment of Learning and Memory and Neuronal Loss in Rat Models of Cognitive Disturbance (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 74 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We previously reported that dehydroevodiamine·HCl (DHED) has anticholinesterase and antiamnesic activities. To verify the effects of DHED on cognitive deficits further, we tested it on the scopolamine-induced amnesia model of the rat using the passive avoidance and eight-arm radial maze tests. A single (20 mg/kg p.o.) and repeated (10 mg/kg p.o.) administrations of DHED could significantly reverse the latency time shortened by scopolamine (1 mg/kg i.p.) to control level. The impaired spatial working memory induced by scopolamine (1 mg/kg i.p.) was also improved significantly by a single injection (6.25 mg/kg i.p.) and repeated administrations of DHED (10 mg/kg p.o.) in the eight-arm radial maze test. In addition, we examined the effects of DHED on the memory impairment and the histological changes of the brain after unilateral electrolytic lesion of the entorhinal cortex (EC) and middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. The cognitive deficits caused by EC lesion and middle cerebral artery occlusion were improved significantly by repeated administrations of DHED (6.25 mg/kg i.p.) after EC lesion or ischemic insult once a day for 7 days in the passive avoidance test. Histological analysis showed that the neuronal loss in the DHED-treated group was notably reduced in the hippocampal area (CA1) of ischemic rats and in the dentate gyrus and hippocampal area (CA1 and CA3) of EC-lesioned rats compared with the nontreated group. The infarction area was decreased significantly by a single administration of DHED (6.25 mg/kg i.p.) 30 min before ischemic insult for 6 h. These results suggest that DHED might be an effective drug for not only the Alzheimer’s disease type, but also the vascular type of dementia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0740244.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retinoic Acid and Its Geometrical Isomers Block Both Growth and Fusion of L6 Myoblasts by Modulating the Expression of Protein Kinase A (2000)
    Springer
    Molecules and cells 10 (2000), S. 162-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0219-1032
    Keywords: cAMP ; L6 Myoblasts ; Membrane Fusion ; Myogenesis ; Protein Kinase A ; Retinoic Acid.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract All-trans retinoic acid (RA) and its geometrical isomers, such as 9-cis RA, 13-cis RA, and 9,13-di-cis RA, strongly inhibited both growth and fusion of L6 myoblasts. However, illumination of white light diminished their inhibitory activity on membrane fusion with little effect on cell growth. During myogenic differentiation, the intracellular level of cAMP decreased whereas the total activity of protein kinase A as well as the protein level of its regulatory subunit Iα (RIα) and catalytic subunit (Cα) increased. RAs raised the intracellular level of cAMP by over 3-fold, but decreased the total activity of protein kinase A. Like RAs, dibutyryl-cAMP inhibited myoblast fusion and reduced the expression of both RIα and Cα subunits. These results suggest that RAs negatively modulate the differentiation of L6 myoblasts by increasing the intracellular level of cAMP, which may in turn down-regulate the expression of protein kinase A and hence its activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10059-000-0162-x
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