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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 124-126 (June 2007), p. 1389-1392 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dual phase steel, which consists of hard martensite islands embedded in a ductileferrite matrix, is known to possess high strength, toughness, and superior wear resistance. However,the detailed wear mechanism of the steel has not yet been understood thoroughly. In the present study,dry sliding friction and wear characteristics of an ultra-fine grained ferrite-martensite dual phase steelhas been investigated at room temperature. Wear tests of the steel were carried out using a pin-on-diskwear tester against an AISI 52100 bearing steel ball at loads ranging from 1N to 10N. Normalizingheat treatment was also performed on the steel to produce a ferrite-pearlite microstructure, and thewear characteristics of the normalized specimen were compared with that of the dual phase steel. Thedual phase steel exhibited lower wear rates than the normalized steel, but the steady-state frictioncoefficients of the two steels were similar. The wear of the dual phase steel proceeded with atribochemical reaction on the wearing surface accompanied with subsurface strain hardening, whichexplained the lower wear rate of the steel
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 124-126 (June 2007), p. 1325-1328 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultrafine grained materials fabricated by severe plastic deformation exhibit both superiorand inferior mechanical properties, as the prominent structural materials, compared to coarsegrained counterparts. The superior mechanical properties are ultrahigh strength and exceptionalductility at high temperatures (i.e., superplasticity). The inferior mechanical properties are lack ofstrain hardenability and room temperature ductility. In this study, the relationship betweenmicrostructure and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained materials fabricated by severe plasticdeformation is investigated in order to provide insight broadening their future applicability
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 345-346 (Aug. 2007), p. 117-120 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Tensile deformation behavior of the high-nitrogen austenitic Fe-18Cr-14Mn-4Ni-3MoxNsteel with various nitrogen contents has been studied. The nitrogen content of the steel variedfrom 0.28 to 0.88 wt. %. Nitrogen atoms in high nitrogen steel (HNS) make an interstitial solidsolution by being scattered in the steel constituting a short-range order. They strengthen theaustenite matrix without deteriorating ductility of the steel. The present investigation was carriedout to elucidate the hardening and plasticizing role of the nitrogen in the HNS by analyzing tensiledeformation behavior of the steel containing various nitrogen contents. Tensile tests of the steelspecimens were performed at room temperature with a constant strain rate of 5x10-5/sec.Microstructure of the tested specimens was analyzed to explore the deformation mechanism of theHNS as a function of nitrogen contents. The flow stress of the steel increased with the increase ofthe nitrogen content; however, the specimen with the highest nitrogen content (0.88 wt. %) showedsaturated strength and reduced ductility. The superior mechanical property of the HNS wasexplained by the low stacking fault energy and the twin-induced plasticity provoked by the nitrogen
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 26-28 (Oct. 2007), p. 37-40 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Sliding wear mechanisms of the solution treated 18Cr-18Mn-2Mo-0.9N high nitrogensteel (HNS) were studied. Room-temperature dry sliding wear tests of the steel were carried out atvarious applied loads to explore the mechanism as a function of the load. The wear rate of the steelincreased with the increase of the load; however, the increase rate was not constant. The rateincreased slowly at low loads, rapidly at intermediate loads, and finally, the increase-rate becamelow again at high loads. Worn surfaces, their cross sections, and wear debris were examined, andphases of the heat-treated HNS as well as the wear debris were identified to find out the mechanism.The wear of the steel was found to be controlled by the tribo-oxidation, strain-induced phasetransformation, and reverse transformation due to temperature rise on a wearing surface. Theinfluence of each mechanism on the rate varied depending on the magnitude of the applied load
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 503-504 (Jan. 2006), p. 681-686 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The cross-ARB (C-ARB) process, which adopts cross rolling of the two stacked plates, has been performed up to seven cycles on a commercial purity 1050 aluminum alloy to obtain ultrafine grains with an average grain size of 0.7μm. Microstructural evolution of the C-ARB processed aluminum alloy was examined by a transmission electron microscopy as a function of process cycle number (accumulated plastic strain). Tensile property of the severely deformed Al alloy was also explored. Grain size of grains of the C-ARB processed alloy varied across thickness of the rolled plate. The size of grains at the top and bottom of the rolled plate converged to 0.65μm, while that of grains at the center of the plate increased with the number of ARB cycles. Tensile strength of the CARB processed 1050 Al alloy increased from 100MPa (as-received) to 160MPa. Tensile elongation varied with the number of cycles, but 15% of failure strain was measured from the 6-cycle C-ARB processed specimen. The variation of the elongation with the cycle number coincided exactly with the variation of grain size at the center of the processed plate
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 503-504 (Jan. 2006), p. 447-454 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Ultrafine grained (UFG) ferrite-martensite dual phase steels were fabricated by equal channel angular pressing and subsequent intercritical annealing. Their room temperature tensile properties were examined and compared to those of coarse grained counterpart. The formation of UFG martensite islands of ~ 1 μm was not confined to the former pearlite colonies but they were uniformly distributed throughout UFG matrix. The strength of UFG dual phase steels was much higher than that of coarse grained counterpart but uniform and total elongation were not degraded. More importantly, unlike most UFG metals showing negligible strain hardening, the present UFG dual phase steels exhibited extensive rapid strain hardening
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 539-543 (Mar. 2007), p. 820-825 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Room-temperature dry sliding wear behavior of hot-pressure sintered monolithic Co, Co-20 wt.% CuSn and Co-20 wt.% WC composites were investigated. Wear tests of the materials werecarried out using a pin-on-disk wear tester at various loads of 10N-100N under a constant slidingspeed condition of 0.38m/s against glass (83% SiO2) beads. Sliding distances were varied with arange of 100m-600m. A scanning electron microscopy was used to examine worn surfaces, crosssections, and wear debris. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was utilized to identify phases of the specimenand wear debris. All specimens exhibited low friction coefficients ranging from 0.12 to 0.4. Thesintered Co exhibited distinctive wear that was characterized by shallow dug canals on worn surface,a very thin detaching surface layer, and fine debris. Thermal transformation of the Co specimenfrom ε (hcp) phase to α (fcc) phase occurred during the wear of the Co, which was inferred fromXRD analysis of the wear debris. The transformation was suggested to cause the thin detachingsurface layer and the fine wear debris of the sintered Co. The wear of the Co-CuSn compositeproceeded by shear deformation of the CuSn particles, while WC particles of the Co-WC compositesustained most of the applied load, which resulted in the low wear rate with fine wear debris of theCo-WC composite
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 534-536 (Jan. 2007), p. 1109-1112 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Effect of phase transformation and grain-size variation[removed info] of hot-pressed cobalt on its drysliding wear was investigated. The sintered cobalt specimens were heat treated under differentconditions and their tribological characteristics were examined. The sliding wear test was carriedout against glass (83% SiO2) beads at 100N load using a pin-on-disk wear tester. A constant slidingspeed of 0.38m/s and sliding distance of 600m were adapted. Worn surfaces, cross sections, andwear debris were examined by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD)was utilized to identify phases of the specimen and wear debris. The cobalt specimens exhibited lowfriction coefficients of around 0.2. Thermal transformation of the cobalt from the hcp ε phase to theγ (fcc) phase during the wear was detected, which was deduced as a wear mechanism of the sinteredcobalt. Typical wear characteristics of the cobalt including a thin detaching surface layer and finewear debris were explained by the transformation. A correlationship between the grain size and thetransformation was also explored
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 449-452 (Mar. 2004), p. 625-628 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The ARB process has been carried out up to seven cycles on a commercial purity 1100 aluminum alloy to obtain ultra-fine grains with the average grain size of 500 nm. Microstructural evolution of the ARB processed aluminum alloy was examined by a transmission electron microscopy as a function of accumulated total strain. Mechanical properties including hardness, tensile property, and sliding wear characteristics of the severely deformed Al alloy were also investigated. Grain boundaries of the ARB processed alloy were diffusive and poorly defined after the initial ARB cycles, however they changed to well-defined high angle boundaries with the increase of the accumulated strain. Though hardness and strength of the ARB processed alloy were enhanced significantly, wear resistance of the processed alloy hardly increased. The mechanical properties were discussed in connection with the microstructure
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 449-452 (Mar. 2004), p. 597-600 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Dry-sliding-wear behavior of ultra-fine grained 6061 Al alloy and AZ61 Mg alloy was investigated. The accumulative roll bonding (ARB) and the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) processes were employed to obtain refined microstructures in the Al and Mg alloys, respectively. Pin-on-disk wear tests of the processed alloys were carried out with various applied load against a 304 stainless steel counterpart. In spite of the increased hardness and strength, wear resistance of the ultra-fine grained 6061 Al alloy was lower than that of the coarse-grained starting alloy. The strength and wear resistance of the ECAP processed AZ61 Mg alloy did not change appreciably despite the refined microstructure. Recrystallization was found to occur during the ECAP process of the Mg alloy. Worn surfaces and cross-sections of the wear-tested specimens were examined to investigate the wear mechanism of the ultra-fine grained Al and Mg alloys
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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