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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 244 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In filamentous fungi, the repertoire of promoters available for exogenous gene expression is limited. Here, we report the development and application of the thiamine-regulatable thiA promoter (PthiA) in Aspergillus oryzae as a tool for molecular biological studies. When PthiA was used to express the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter, the fluorescence in the mycelia was either repressed or induced in the presence or absence of thiamine in the culture media, respectively. In addition, the expression level from the thiA promoter can be controlled by the concentration of external thiamine. Thiamine content in the media did not affect mycelial morphology, making the thiA promoter more useful compared with alcA and amyB promoters that depend on carbon source for regulation. Moreover, as the A. oryzae thiA promoter was also regulated by thiamine in A. nidulans, this promoter can be further applied as an inducible promoter in other Aspergilli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: It has been demonstrated that Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vam6p/Vps39p plays a critical role in the tethering steps of vacuolar membrane fusion by facilitating guanine nucleotide exchange on small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) Vam4p/Ypt7p. We report here the identification and characterization of a novel protein in Aspergillus nidulans, AvaB, that exhibits similarity to Vam6p/Vps39p and plays a critical role in vacuolar morphogenesis in A. nidulans. AvaB is comprised of 1058 amino acids with amino-terminal citron homology (CNH) and central clathrin homology (CLH) domains, as observed for other Vam6p/Vps39p family proteins. Disruption of avaB in A. nidulans resulted in the fragmentation of vacuoles and reduced growth rate under various growth conditions, implying its importance in maintaining vacuolar morphology and function. Yeast two-hybrid analysis demonstrated the interaction of AvaB with AvaA, a Vam4p/Ypt7p homolog in A. nidulans, as well as the homooligomer formation of AvaB, suggesting that AvaB performs its function through hetero- or homophilic protein–protein interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We previously designed a triple auxotrophic host-vector system in Aspergillus oryzae by isolating red-colored adenine auxotrophic mutants upon UV mutagenesis of a double auxotrophic host (niaD−sC−). In the present study an effort to exploit this system and construct a novel quadruple auxotrophic host was made by disrupting the argB gene involved in arginine biosynthesis. The argB gene-disruption cassette was generated by fusion PCR, which required only two steps of PCR to insert the selectable marker, adeA, into the target argB gene. The chimeric DNA fragment was transformed into the triple auxotrophic strain (niaD−sC−adeA−) and the argB disruptants were obtained with a high rate of efficiency (approximately 40%). The argB disruptants were characterized by normal colony color and reversal of arginine auxotrophy by introduction of the wild-type argB gene. Quadruple auxotrophic strains (niaD−sC−ΔargB adeA− or niaD−sC−ΔargB adeB−) were subsequently isolated upon UV mutagenesis of the triple auxotrophic strain (niaD−sC−ΔargB) followed by screening of red-colored colonies for adenine auxotrophy. The results obtained showed that the adeA gene served as an efficient selection marker in developing a novel host-vector system with quadruple auxotrophy in A. oryzae, thus providing a powerful tool to breed multiple auxotrophic mutants from a deuteromycete wherein sexual crossing is impossible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 206 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The arpA gene encoding Arp1 (actin-related protein) was previously cloned and characterized from Aspergillus oryzae. Phenotypes of the arpA null mutant indicate its requirement for normal nuclear distribution and morphology of conidiophores. In this study, we further characterized the function of the arpA gene in distribution of organelles. For further analysis of nuclear migration in living cells, an expression system consisting of a fusion protein of Aspergillus nidulans histone H2B and EGFP (H2B::EGFP) was used. This demonstrated diminished hyphal-tip growth rate and inefficient nuclear transport to apical regions in the arpA null mutant. Expression of H2B::EGFP also revealed an increase in the nuclear number of each conidium in the arpA null mutant, implicating a role for the arpA gene in controlling the nuclear movement into conidia. Furthermore, staining of vacuoles of the arpA null mutant with CMAC (cell tracker blue) suggested that the arpA gene is required for proper vacuolar distribution in addition to its role in normal nuclear distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 204 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Calcineurin has been implicated in ion-homeostasis, stress adaptation in yeast and for hyphal growth in filamentous fungi. Genomic DNA and cDNA encoding the catalytic subunit of calcineurin (cnaA) were isolated from Aspergillus oryzae. The cnaA open reading frame extended to 1727 bp and encoded a putative protein of 514 amino acids. Comparative analysis of the nucleotide sequence of cnaA genomic DNA and cDNA confirmed the presence of three introns and a highly conserved calmodulin binding domain. The deduced amino acid sequence was homologous to calcineurin A from Aspergillus nidulans (92%), Neurospora crassa (84%), human (67%), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (58%) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (54%). Further, A. oryzae cnaA cDNA complemented S. cerevisiae calcineurin disruptant strain (Δcmp1Δcmp2), which was not viable in the presence of high concentrations of NaCl (1.2 M) and at alkaline pH 8.5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Screening of a cDNA library constructed under alkaline pH mediated growth of Aspergillus oryzae implicated a vacuolar H+-ATPase gene (vmaA) as a putative candidate involved in alkaline pH adaptation. A. oryzae vmaA genomic DNA extended to 2072 bp including three introns and encoded a protein of 605 amino acids. VmaAp was homologous to Vma-1p from Neurospora crassa (71%), Vma1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (69%) and ATP6A2 from human (49%). The vmaA cDNA complemented S. cerevisiae V-ATPase disrupted strain (Δvma1) was viable at alkaline pH 8.0 and in the presence of CaCl2 (100 mM). Northern analysis revealed an enhanced expression of vmaA during growth of A. oryzae in alkaline medium (pH 10.0). The A. oryzae vmaA disruptant exhibited abnormally shrunken vacuoles and hyphal walls at pH 8.5 and a growth defect at pH 10.0, implicating an alkaline pH stress responsive role for vmaA in A. oryzae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The genome of Aspergillus oryzae, a fungus important for the production of traditional fermented foods and beverages in Japan, has been sequenced. The ability to secrete large amounts of proteins and the development of a transformation system have facilitated the use of A. oryzae in modern ...
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Ribonuclease T2 ; Aspergillus oryzae ; Nucleotide sequence ; Transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using synthetic oligonucleotide probes, we have cloned a genomic DNA sequence encoding a ribonuclease (RNase) T2 gene (rntB) from Aspergillus oryzae on a 4.8 kb HindIII fragment. DNA sequence analysis of the RNase T2 revealed the following: (1) The gene is arranged as five exons and four introns; (2) The deduced amino acid sequence contains 239 amino acid residues of the mature enzyme. In addition, there exist 17 amino acid residues thought to be a signal peptide sequence at the N-terminus and 20 amino acid residues at the C-terminus; (3) The nucleotide sequence of the rntB gene is homologous to those of the RNase Rh gene from Rhizopus niveus and the S2 stylar glycoprotein gene of Nicotiana alata with degree of about 51% and 47%, respectively; (4) A. oryzae and A. nidulans transformed with the cloned rntB gene had much higher ribonuclease T2 activity than wild-type strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Glucoamylase ; Aspergillus oryzae ; Gene regulation ; Upstream sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Analysis was made of the promoter region of the Aspergillus oryzae glaA gene encoding glucoamylase. Northern blots using a glucoamylase cDNA as a probe indicated that the amount of mRNA corresponding to the glaA gene increased when expression was induced by starch or maltose. The promoter region of the glaA gene was fused to the Escherichia coli uidA gene, encoding β-glucuronidase (GUS), and the resultant plasmid was introduced into A. oryzae. Expression of GUS protein in the A. oryzae transformants was induced by maltose, indicating that the glaA-GUS gene was regulated at the level of transcription in the presence of maltose. The nucleotide sequence 1.1 kb upstream of the glaA coding region was determined. A comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the A. oryzae glaA promoter with those of A. oryzae amyB, encoding α-amylase, and A. niger glaA showed two regions with similar sequences. Deletion and site-specific mutation analysis of these homologous regions indicated that both are essential for direct high-level expression when grown on maltose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Aspergillus oryzae was transformed with a synthetic gene consisting of a chicken lysozyme signal sequence and a mature human lysozyme (HLY) sequence. The transformants secreted active HLY (about 1.2 mg/l) when the HLY gene was expressed under the control of the Taka-amylase A gene (amyB) promoter. Western blot analysis suggested that the secreted protein was immunoreactive with anti-human lysozyme antibody and the signal peptide was correctly cleavaged off in the A. oryzae transformants. The transcriptional level of the HLY gene was investigated by Northern blot analysis using a probe that was equivalently specific to both the HLY gene and the amyB gene. The HLY gene was expressed of a higher level compared with the amyB gene because of its multi-copy intergration. The efficient transcription of the HLY gene suggested that A. oryzae is a promising host for production of heterologous proteins from higher eukaryotes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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