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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What turns on the endothelins? (1996)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 45 (1996), S. 51-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Endothelin-1-Cytokines ; Adjuvant arthritis ; Inflammatory vasoconstriction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Production of the potent vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) within the circulation is increased markedly in a numer of pathologies, such as the damage following from ischaemia and reperfusion, vasculitis, congestive heart failure, and systemic inflammatory response (septic shock syndrome) and related pathological states. All these conditions are associated with marked increases in the production of cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-2. Our experiments indicate that in rats administration of either of these cytokines results in a rapid increase in the circulating levels of ET-1 and a very pronounced ET-1-dependent coronary vasoconstriction. Furthermore, in rats suffering from adjuvant polyarthritis, in which there is marked joint inflammation and associated cytokine production, there are dramatic increases in coronary perfusion pressure which are absent when rats are treated with an endothelin receptor antagonist. This does not imply that inflammation must be associated with coronary vasoconstriction and myocardial dysfunction, but rather that in the rat, where ET-1 is a strong and almost irreversible constrictor of coronary vessels, coronary perfusion pressure serves as a very good bioassay for ET-1 activity. What our results do imply is that the ET-1 system is latent, but that in numerous disease states it can become rapidly upregulated following endothelial activation by cytokines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265115
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    "Risiko" - Gedanken zu einer Begriffspräzisierung (1989)
    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie. 37:4 (1989) 348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0012-1045
    Topics: Philosophy
    Notes: DISKUSSION
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:4085-1989-037-04-000008
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type 1 fimbriae of Escherichia coli as carriers of heterologous antigenic sequences
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 85 (1989), S. 115-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: Antigen presentation ; bacterial surface organelles ; fusion proteins ; recombinant vaccines
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-1119(89)90471-X
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fimbrial colonization factor CFA/1 protein from human enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains - Purification, characterization and N-terminal sequence
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 108 (1979), S. 107-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(79)81188-6
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The major subunit of Escherichia coli type 1 fimbriae is not required for D-mannose-specific adhesion (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Type 1 fimbriae are surface organelles on Escherichia coli, which mediate specific binding to D-mannose-containing structures. These fimbriae are hetero-polymers composed of a major building element, the FimA protein, and small amounts of the FimF, FimG and FimH proteins. The FimH protein is uniquely responsible for the D-mannose receptor binding. In this work data are presented which indicate that the major subunit of type 1 fimbriae is dispensable for D-mannose-specific binding. A recombinant strain was studied which harboured an insertional deletion in the fimA gene, and was thereby unable to produce type 1 fimbriae; however, it was still able to express a D-mannose-binding phenotype. However, the deletion resulted in a 25-fold reduction of the adhesive potential, as measured by binding to D-mannose-coated Sepharose beads. Serological and specific receptor binding evidence is presented that suggests that the FimH adhesin is capable of being exposed on the bacterial surface without being an integral part of the fimbriae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00623.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of the phase switch controlling expression of type 1 fimbriae in Escherichia coli (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The expression of Escherichia coli type 1 fimbriae is phase-variable i.e. the bacterial cell is either fimbriated or non-fimbriated. The transition from one state to the other is caused by the change in configuration of an invertible DNA segment harbouring the promoter of the fimA gene. The position of this phase switch is controlled by two proteins, FimB and FimE, which mediate an ‘on’ or ‘off’ configuration of the switch, respectively. In this study, we have investigated how these proteins control the switch by means of fim-lac fusions on low-copy-number plasmids. It was found, by in trans and cis complementation, that the ratio of fimB to fimE and the total concentration of the gene products determine the configuration of the switch as well as the frequency of phase switching. It was also shown that transcription occurs from the promoter located at the phase switch when this is in the ‘off’ configuration. This suggests a regulatory mechanism, since the resulting transcript would be anti-sense to the fimE transcript.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00242.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of fimbriae-mediated adherence for neutrophil migration across Escherichia coli-infected epithelial cell layers (1998)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 30 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This study examined the role of P and type 1 fimbriae for neutrophil migration across Escherichia coli-infected uroepithelial cell layers in vitro and for neutrophil recruitment to the urinary tract in vivo. Recombinant E. coli K-12 strains differing in P or type 1 fimbrial expression were used to infect confluent epithelial layers on the underside of transwell inserts. Neutrophils were added to the upper well, and their passage across the epithelial cell layers was quantified. Infection with the P- and type 1-fimbriated recombinant E. coli strains stimulated neutrophil migration to the same extent as a fully virulent clinical E. coli isolate, but the isogenic non-fimbriated vector control strains had no stimulatory effect. The enhancement of neutrophil migration was adhesion dependent; it was inhibited by soluble receptor analogues blocking the binding of P fimbriae to the globoseries of glycosphingolipids or of type 1 fimbriae to mannosylated glycoprotein receptors. P- and type 1-fimbriated E. coli triggered higher interleukin (IL) 8 secretion and expression of functional IL-8 receptors than non-fimbriated controls, and the increase in neutrophil migration across infected cell layers was inhibited by anti-IL-8 antibodies. In a mouse infection model, P- or type 1-fimbriated E. coli stimulated higher chemokine (MIP-2) and neutrophil responses than the non-fimbriated vector controls. The results demonstrated that transformation with the pap or fim DNA sequences is sufficient to convert an E. coli K-12 strain to a host response inducer, and that fimbriation enhances neutrophil recruitment in vitro and in vivo. Epithelial chemokine production provides a molecular link between the fimbriated bacteria that adhere to epithelial cells and tissue inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.01104.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientation-dependent enhancement by H-NS of the activity of the type 1 fimbrial phase switch promoter in Escherichia coli (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 259 (1998), S. 336-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsfimA promoter ; H-NS ; H-NS binding ; Expression enhancement ; Type 1 fimbriae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phase variation of type 1 fimbriation in Escherichia coli is associated with the inversion of a 314-bp DNA element, positioned proximal to and upstream of fimA, which encodes the major type 1 fimbrial subunit. This DNA switch region contains a promoter that drives transcription of fimA only when the switch is in the ON orientation. Using chromosomal and plasmid-borne lacZ reporter cassettes, we show here how the global regulator H-NS affects the activity of the fimA promoter. In phase-locked reporter cassettes the activity of the fimA promoter was found to be enhanced in a hns-positive background, but only when the switch was in the ON orientation. Also, the number of fimbriae produced by a phase-locked ON strain was significantly higher in a hns-positive background. By means of competitive gel retardation and DNase I protection assays, H-NS binding to DNA segments adjacent to and within the phase switch region was demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050820
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conditional Suicide System for Containment of Bacteria and Plasmids (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 5 (1987), S. 1315-1318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The design of biological containment systems to be employed in a broad spectrum of bacteria useful in industrial fermentations and in connection with release to the environment is reported. The key element is a gene, hok, encoding a small polypeptide of 52 amino acids that is lethal when expressed ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1287-1315
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bilateral traumatic dissection of the carotid artery (1999)
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 102 (1999), S. 398-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Key words Traumatic dissection • Carotid arteries • Angiography • Heparinisation ; Schlüsselwörter Traumatische Dissektion • A. carotis • Angiographie • Heparinisierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die doppelseitige traumatische Dissektion der A. carotis interna ist eine seltene und ungewöhnliche Komplikation der stumpfen Kopf-Hals-Verletzung. Bei Traumapatienten mit neurologischen Ausfallserscheinungen wird die Möglichkeit einer Verletzung der Halsschlagadern selten in Erwägung gezogen. Neurologische Symptome können sich verspätet manifestieren. Bei Traumapatienten mit einer Hemiplegie und normaler Bewußtseinslage sowie bei Patienten mit einem stumpfen Halstrauma und abweichenden Befunden bei der neurologischen Untersuchung sollte eine Angiographie erwogen werden. Falls eine Verletzung der Aa. carotis diagnostiziert wird, kann die sofortige Heparinisierung eine vollständige Thrombosierung der Gefäße und die Verschlechterung des neurologischen Bildes verhindern. Wir berichten über 2 Patienten, die als Folge eines Unfalls eine doppelseitige Dissektion der A. carotis interna erlitten. Die Symptomatik, Diagnostik und Therapie wird auch im Vergleich mit der medizinischen Literatur dargestellt.
    Notes: Summary Bilateral carotid artery dissection is a rare and unusual complication of blunt cervicofacial trauma. The diagnosis of a carotid injury is rarely suspected in trauma patients with neurological deficits. Neurological symptoms may develop in a delayed fashion. Angiography should be considered in trauma patients with hemiplegia and a normal mental status and in patients with blunt cervical trauma with an abnormal neurological examination. Initial heparinisation can prevent arterial thrombosis and neurological deterioration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001130050425
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