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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words:18FDG-PET ; Osteomyelitis ; Antigranulocyte antibody scintigraphy ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of this report is to discuss FDG-PET as a potentially new imaging tool in the diagnosis of infections of osteosynthetic material. We present a patient with a poly-trauma who developed a chronic osteomyelitis and ostitis after repeated osteosynthesis in a fibular transplant to the left femur. Work up included MRI, antigranulocyte antibody scintigraphy and positron emission tomography (PET) with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Infection of the fibular transplant was demonstrated clearly by PET but not by the other methods. Positron emission tomography may become an important indication in the diagnosis and follow-up of bone infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Key words Spine • Instable fractures • Thoracolumbar junction • Graft inlay technique • Combined interventions • Complications ; Schlüsselwörter Wirbelsäule • Instabile Frakturen • Thorakolumbaler Übergang • Inlay-Span-Technik • Komplikationen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Instabile Frakturen des thorakolumbalen Übergangs werden gedeckt oder offen reponiert und stabil instrumentiert. Bei Verlegung des Spinalkanals mit Fragmenten kommen die Clearance des Spinalkanals hinzu, gefolgt von der plastischen Rekonstruktion der ventralen Säule. Durch das kombinierte Vorgehen mit transpedikulärer Verankerung von Implantaten von dorsal und einer anterolateralen Intervention über transthorakale und retroperitoneale Zugänge können diese instabilen Frakturen versorgt werden. Im Gegensatz zum dorsalen Vorgehen stellen die ventralen Stabilisierungsverfahren hohe operationstechnische Anforderungen. Die Nähe von lebenswichtigen Gefäßen und Organen und der tatsächlich verfügbare Raum zur Plazierung von Implantaten erfordern eine genaue Planung der ventralen Intervention. Die Indikation zur Rekonstruktion der ventralen Wirbelsäule wird von einer Reihe von Faktoren beeinflußt, insbesondere von der Lokalisation der Fraktur, Frakturtyp und von biomechanischen Überlegungen. Eine der Techniken, mit der am ventralen Anteil der Wirbelsäule eine druckfeste Abstützung wiederhergestellt oder rekonstruiert werden kann, ist die Span-Inlay-Technik, mit der eine mono- oder bisegmentale Spondylodese erreicht werden kann. Trotz biologischer Vorteile dieser Technik im Hinblick auf die Einheilung des Knochenspans ist auch diese Variante der ventralen Wirbelkörperrekonstruktion mit Komplikationen behaftet.
    Notes: Summary The combined intervention of thoracolumbar fractures using the graft inlay technique. Instable fractures of the thoracolumbar junction must be reduced in an open or closed fashion and fixed internally. Clearance of the spinal channel in case of obstruction is mandatory followed by reconstruction of the anterior part of the spine. Using the combined interventions of transpedicular screw techniques and antero-lateral approaches (transthoracal or retroperitoneal) instable fractures of the thoracolumbar junction can be fixed in comparison to the dorsal intervention the anterior approach is very demanding. The proximity of the big vessels as well as thoracal and abdominal organs and the available space to place the implants need exact preoperative planning. The indications for reconstruction of the anterior part of the spine are influenced by the fracture types and localisations as well as biomechanical considerations. One of the many possibilities to reconstruct the anterior part of the spine is the graft inlay technique, which can be used for mono- or bisegmental spondylodesis. Despite the biological advantages in terms of fusion rates substantial complications can occur using this method for anterior reconstruction of the spine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 101 (1998), S. 74-80 
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Cerebrospinal fluid ; Glutamate ; Glutamine ; Alanine ; Lactate ; Brain trauma ; Midazolam ; Thiopental
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Increased extracellular glutamate levels are related to glial and neuronal damage. Glutamate-mediated toxicity is limited by glial uptake and metabolic transformation of glutamate to glutamine and the energetic compounds alanine and lactate which are utilized by surrounding neurons. Under in vitro conditions, barbiturates have been shown to reduce glutamate uptake and its further metabolism, possibly impeding metabolic coupling between astrocytes and neurons. The aims were to investigate if under clinical conditions, the barbiturate thiopental reduces important detoxification of glutamate, resulting in lower CSF glutamine, alanine and lactate levels as opposed to patients receiving midazolam. During long-term administration of thiopental and midazolam, pathologically elevated ventricular CSF glutamate levels were associated with significantly increased glutamine and alanine levels up to 14 days after trauma. CSF lactate, however, remained normal. These data suggest that long-term administration of thiopental and midazolam under clinical conditions does not impede enzymatic activities responsible for detoxification and metabolism of glutamate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 99 (1996), S. 806-810 
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Neurotrauma ; Zerebrale Substratversorgung ; Pathophysiologie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Key words Brain injury • Pathophysiology • Pharmacotherapy ; Schlüsselwörter Schädel-Hirn-Verletzung • Pathophysiologie • Pharmakotherapie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In den letzten Jahren wurden neue Erkenntnisse über die posttraumatischen Veränderungen nach Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (SHT) und die damit einhergehenden pathophysiologischen Zusammenhänge gewonnen. Neben entsprechenden Änderungen des neurotraumatologisch-intensivmedizinischen Managements hat dies zur Entwicklung von Pharmaka geführt, die das Auftreten von sekundären Schäden beim hirnverletzten Patienten vermindern sollen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird auf die neueren Erkenntnisse der pathophysiologischen Veränderungen nach SHT und auf die prinzipiellen pharmakologischen Interventionsmöglichkeiten eingegangen. Während ein Teil der Medikamente bereits im klinischen Einsatz sind, befinden sich andere in unterschiedlich fortgeschrittenen experimentellen und klinischen Erprobungsstadien.
    Notes: Summary In recent years, our knowledge concerning pathophysiological changes in brain metabolism after traumatic brain injury (TBI) has greatly expanded. This, in turn, has enabled the development of specific pharmacological strategies for the supplementary treatment of brain-injured patients with the aim of reducing secondary brain damage. The present article focuses on the pathophysiology of TBI and the possibilities for pharmacological intervention. While some of the substances reviewed are presently used in the treatment of TBI, others are under experimental and clinical evaluation at different stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 378 (1993), S. 200-205 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Arthroscopy ; Shoulder ; Technique ; Indications ; Operations ; Complications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In den vergangenen 5 Jahren hat die diagnostische und operative Schulterarthroskopie in der Traumatologie und Orthopädie zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Die Indikation muβ streng und exakt gestellt und die Technik nach einem einheitlichen und reproduzierbaren Prinzip durchgeführt werden. Verletzungen des Limbus glenoidalis (v. a. nach erstmaliger traumatischer Schulterluxation bei zungen Patienten), Rotatorenmanschettenläsionen, Behandlung bei bakteriellen Infektionen und unklare posttraumatische Schmerzen sind heute klare Indikationen fur die diagnostische und operative Schulterarthroskopie. In der Behandlung von krankheitsbedingten Veränderungen am Schultergelenk ist die Arthroskopie ebenfalls nicht mehr wegzudenken. Keine andere Untersuchung liefert so viele und so genaue Informationen. Neben der exakten Diagnosestellung bieten die arthroskopischen Operationen am Schultergelenk die Möglichkeit einer gleichzeitigen und definitiven Therapie. Die Indikation sollte daher großzügig gestellt werden, trotz einer Komplikationsrate von rund 5%.
    Notes: Abstract Diagnostic and operative arthroscopy of the shoulder joint has gained considerable importance in traumatology and orthopedic surgery over the last years. Injuries of the limbus glenoidalis, in particular traumatic shoulder luxation, injuries of the rotator cuff, infection of the glenohumeral joint and unclear posttraumatic pain are indications for diagnostic and operative arthroscopy. Arthroscopy of the shoulder is a procedure, which offers exact diagnosis and the possibility of immediate surgery at the same time. The technique of the shoulder joint arthroscopy has to be carried out carefully and according to a standard protocol. The complication rate of around 5% of shoulder arthroscopy has not to be neglected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of muscle research and cell motility 8 (1987), S. 135-144 
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This paper describes a biochemical and immunocytochemical analysis of smooth muscle strips that were chemically skinned and subjected to contraction and relaxation cycles according to procedures commonly employed in current skinned smooth muscle work. The fate of four major proteins, myosin, filamin, caldesmon and actin, was followed with respect to the proportionate loss of these proteins to the bathing medium as well as to their structural redistribution within the cells in the muscle strips. Large losses (of the order of 50%) of both myosin and filamin occurred at the skinning step, using either Triton X-100 or Saponin as the detergent; losses of actin were up to 30% with Triton X-100 and around 15% with Saponin. Losses of caldesmon were difficult to assess due to the rapid degradation of this protein in the bathing medium. Subsequent cycles of contraction and relaxation resulted in accumulated loss, notably of myosin and filamin, so that after the third contraction as little as 20% and 40% respectively of the original complement of these proteins remained in the muscle strips. These changes in protein composition were accompanied by a drastic redistribution of the proteins in the muscle cells. Most marked were the changes seen with myosin, significant amounts of this protein being already found in the connective tissue space after the first relaxation. These findings point to the need for a careful reappraisal of the conditions currently used in skinned smooth muscle research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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