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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 11 (1970), S. 1617-1621 
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 10 (1969), S. 4279-4282 
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1992), S. 96-102 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis ; Therapy ; Immunosuppression ; Mitoxantrone ; Pilot Study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ten multiple sclerosis patients, all with a rapid deteriorating disease profile, were treated with 12 mg/m2 of the cytostatic agent mitoxantrone, administered every 3 months. This dosage is only 25% of what a patient with a solid tumour would normally receive during the same time period. In all treated patients the deterioration was stopped following the initial dosage; in four out of ten patients there was even an immediate improvement of the neurological status. Eight out of nine patients showed an improvement after 1 year as compared with their enrolment status; the other one remained stabile. In correlation with the clinical improvement, the mean P100 latencies of visual evoked potentials showed a reduction after 1 year. However, the changes identified through magnetic resonance imaging were even clearer than those seen clinically. At admission, this group of patients presented with a total of 169 gadolinium (Gd)-enhancing lesions. Only 10 lesions were enhancing in nine patients 12 months after the initiation of treatment. It appears that mitoxantrone accelerates the disappearance of Gd-enhancing lesions and prevents the development of new ones. Minimal side effects such as mild nausea and a slight faintness were evident in six patients and then for only 1–2 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium enhancement ; Multiple sclerosis ; Immunosuppression ; Mitoxantrone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serial gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor the effect of mitoxantrone in ten patients with rapidly deteriorating multiple sclerosis (MS). MRI was performed as a baseline and thereafter at 1,3,6,9,12 and 24 months. The total number of Gd-enhancing lesions diminished from 169 at baseline to 10 after 1 year and to 5 after 2 years. This reduction and the percentage of follow-up MRI studies showing no Gd enhancement were more pronounced than in other MRI studies of the natural course of MS. Measured with quantitative neurological scales, only one patient showed deterioration after 2 years; nevertheless, the changes in MRI were much more marked than those observed clinically. Serial Gd-MRI therefore, seems necessary for documenting efficacy in future therapeutic trails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium enhance- ; ment ; Multiple sclerosis ; Immunosuppression ; Mitoxantrone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serial gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor the effect of mitoxantrone in ten patients with rapidly deteriorating multiple sclerosis (MS). MRI was performed as a baseline and thereafter at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months. The total number of Gd-enhancing lesions diminished from 169 at baseline to 10 after 1 year and to 5 after 2 years. This reduction and the percentage of follow-up MRI studies showing no Gd enhancement were more pronounced than in other MRI studies of the natural course of MS. Measured with quantitative neurological scales, only one patient showed deterioration after 2 years; nevertheless, the changes in MRI were much more marked than those observed clinically. Serial Gd-MRI therefore, seems necessary for documenting efficacy in future therapeutic trails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 238 (1989), S. 115-117 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; Therapy ; Immunosuppression ; Cyclophosphamide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-one multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with a chronically progressive course were treated with a low dose of cyclophosphamide (CY). The control group consisted of 21 MS patients with a chronically progressive course who received the standard treatment (ACTH or cortisone). The control group consisted of patients who preferred the standard therapy because of its beneficial effects. In contrast, the patients of the CY group wanted to try a new therapy because the standard therapy was not effective. Thus before starting the study the progression of the disease was faster in the CY group than in the standard therapy group. As regards age, sex and degree of disability, the two groups were comparable. For 20 of the 21 patients in the CY group the degree of disability (Kurtzke scale) remained stable over 1 year; for 2 of the 20 stable patients there was even an improvement. In the standard therapy group, 7 out of 21 patients were stable over 1 year, while 14 showed progressive disability. A quantitative neurological score at the beginning and 1 year after the therapy showed a nearly identical difference between the CY group and the control group. The changes of the patients' abilities in daily-life activities (which were observed and recorded by the nurses) were similar to the Kurtzke scale data obtained by the physicians. The beneficial effect of CY in chronically progressive MS was thus highly significant (P〈0.001). The side-effects of low-dose CY were fewer than those of ACTH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new interpretation - based on a reevaluation of the spectroscopic properties of products 16 to 27 - is proposed for the reaction of diphenyl-cyclopropen-one 14 and -thione 15 with ketene-A, N-diacetals 8 to 13 (A = R2N, RO and RS) originally reported by Sauer & Krapf. It is concluded that the previous structural assignments (see the a-structures), made on the assumption of a prevailing “C,C-insertion” reaction, must be rcplaced as follows: (1) All the “secondary adducts” are, in fact, derivatives (amides and lactams) of 2,3-diphenyl-penta-2, 4-dienoic acid and thioacid (structures 16b to 24b); (2) the “isomerization products”, differ from the latter only in the configuration of the α,β-double bond (structures 25b and 26b); (3) the common “hydrolysisproduct” is α,β-diphenyl-γ-methyl-γ-hydroxy-Δα-butenolide (27b), The above cyclopropenone-ketcneacetal reactions represent, therefore, cases of “C, N-insertion”.This is rationalized with a reaction scheme, in which the “acylide” structure of the “primary adducts” plays a role.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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