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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Fascia dentata ; Mossy cells ; Interneurons ; Lucifer yellow ; Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin ; Septohippocampal projection ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Mossy cells in the hilus of the rat dentate gyrus are the main cells of origin of the dentate commissural and associational projections. They project along the septotemporal axis of the dentate gyrus and may thus influence the hippocampal signal flow in a longitudinal direction. To analyze the septal innervation of these hilar neurons, anterograde tracing with Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHAL) was used in combination with intracellular labeling of mossy cells (Lucifer yellow). Anterogradely labeled septal fibers impinge on proximal and distal dendrites of hilar mossy cells but spare the cell body. In contrast, numerous aspiny hilar neurons, presumably GABAergic interneurons, receive a septal innervation on their somata and proximal primary dendrites. These data demonstrate that septal fibers show a specificity for the dendritic segments of hilar mossy cells. Since mossy cells project predominantly to adjacent hippocampal lamellae, the activity of adjacent portions of the dentate gyrus may be influenced by the septal input onto these neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 6 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: During development, the subplate zone of the cat neocortex contains neuronal populations with distinct morphological and neurochemical phenotypes. A subset of those are specifically recognized by a mouse monoclonal antibody termed SUBPLATE-1 (SP1), which was generated against tissue homogenates of kitten cortical white matter. SP1 stains cell bodies and proximal dendrites, but rarely distal dendrites, axonal arbors or spines. In order to characterize morphologically the SP1 imunoreactive subplate cell types, we combined SP1 immunohistochemistry with intracellular iontophoretic injections of Lucifer yellow. The majority of double-labelled neurons were inverted pyramids with a single thicker spine-covered dendrite that descended into the white matter and a tuft of thinner spinous dendrites that ascended from the upper somatic pole, but generally remained confined to the white matter. Other double-labelled neurons were multipolar to bitufted, although often equipped with one thicker descending dendrite. In inverted pyramidal cells, the axons originated from the descending dendrite or, more rarely, from the lower portion of the soma, and descended into the white matter. They formed collaterals recurring toward the grey matter. The presence of dendritic spines on double-labelled pyramidal cells and the axonal arborization patterns were two novel features not revealed previously by SP1 immunohistochemistry alone. The inverted pyramidal morphology was typical for double-labelled neurons located in the subplate szone below the apices of the gyri, whereas those located below the flanks or sulci or deep in the white matter soften displayed a bitufted or multipolar spinous morphology. A minority of the double-labelled neurons were multipolar with smooth dendrites and locally branching axons. These results suggest that in the cat subplate zone, a majority of the cells expressing the SP1 antigen are spinous, and we termed the spinous subplate cells ‘subplate pyramidal neurons’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 4 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The topographies of the intrinsic tangential connections in layers II - IVab of one-month-old and adult cat's striate cortex were compared by plotting the distribution of retrogradely labelled neurons following injection of small amounts of wheat-germ agglutinin - horseradish peroxidase. In both cortices, the tracer reveals the characteristic cluster-like arrangement of intrinsic tangential connections. No differences were found between the two age groups in terms of either the numbers of cell clusters, their periodicities or their profiles, nor was there any difference in the lateral extent of the tangential connections. We conclude that one month postnatally, tangentially projecting intrinsic networks in the upper layers of the cat striate cortex lack exuberance and have an adult-like topography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cajal–Retzius (CR) cells are characteristic horizontally orientated, early-generated transient neurons in the marginal zones of the neocortex and hippocampus that synthesize the extracellular matrix protein reelin. They have been implicated in the pathfinding of entorhino-hippocampal axons, but their role in this process remained unclear. Here we have studied the axonal projection of hippocampal CR cells. Following injection of the carbocyanine dye DiI into the entorhinal cortex of aldehyde-fixed rat embryos and young postnatal rats, neurons in the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus and stratum lacunosum-moleculare of the hippocampus proper with morphological characteristics of CR cells were retrogradely labelled. In a time course analysis, the first retrogradely labelled CR cells were observed on embryonic day 17. This projection of hippocampal CR cells to the entorhinal cortex was confirmed by retrograde tracing with Fast Blue in new-born rats and by intracellular biocytin filling of CR cells in acute slices from young postnatal rat hippocampus/entorhinal cortex and in entorhino-hippocampal slice cocultures using infrared videomicroscopy in combination with the patch-clamp technique. In double-labelling experiments CR cells were identified by their immunocytochemical staining for reelin or calretinin, and their interaction with entorhino-hippocampal axons labelled by anterograde tracers was analysed. Future studies need to investigate whether this early transient projection of hippocampal CR cells to the entorhinal cortex is used as a template by the entorhinal axons growing to their target layers in the hippocampus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 2-14 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Lucifer Yellow ; DiI ; Fluorescent neuronal tracers ; Retrograde transport ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: This article describes methods for photoconverting diaminobenzidine (DAB) into a stable, light and electron microscopically visible dark reaction product in neurons which contain a fluorescent dye. Photoconversion of DAB has been achieved so far with the following fluorescent dyes: rhodamine labeled latex microspheres (RLM), 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), 5,7-di-hydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT), Fast Blue (FB), Nuclear Yellow (NY), Diamidino Yellow (DY), Evans Blue (EB), acridine orange (AO), ethidium bromide (EBR),1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindolcarbocyanine perchlorate, D-282 (DiI), propidium iodide (PI), and intracellularly injected Lucifer Yellow (LY). The dye is introduced into the neurons by tinctorial staining, retrograde transport, or intracellular injection. Photoconversion is conducted by incubating the tissue with the fluorescent substance-containing cells in a DAB solution under simultaneous strong illumination with ultraviolet (UV) light. During the formation of the reaction product, the fluorescence disappears from the cell. In all cases, photoconversion provided a stable, nonfading DAB reaction product for light microscopy. In addition, at the electron microscopic level, it appeared that the photoconversion results in a homogeneously distributed, fine granular, dark, intracellularly located reaction product. With most of the retrograde tracers tested, photoconversion led only to staining of the cell bodies and the proximal portions of primary dendrites. Following photoconversion with intracellularly LY-filled neurons and cells labeled retrogradely with DiI, DiO, and 5,7-DHT, the reaction product was present throughout the cells, extending from the cell bodies into dendrites and dendritic appendices, and into axons. The high selectivity and methodological simplicity of photoconversion of DAB with fluorescent dyes into a stable, light and electron microscopical dense reaction product provide a promising alternative to classical neuroanatomical techniques and a new useful application of fluorescent neuronal tracers to light and electron microscopy. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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