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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-7365
    Keywords: facial neurons ; axotomy ; development ; RNA synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study, tritiated-uridine incorporation was autoradiographically examined following axotomy of hamster facial motor neurons (HFMN) at the critical development age of 15 days postnatal and in the adult. The postoperative times selected were 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 days. In the 15-day operative series, no changes in incorporation were observed at any of the post-operative times, except at 4 days postoperative, when there was a decrease in tritiated-uridine incorporation in the axotomized neurons relative to the controls. In the adult operative series there were no changes in incorporation at 0.5 or 1 day postoperative, relative to the controls. At 2 days postoperative in the adult, there was a transient increase in tritiated-uridine incorporation that returned to control levels by 4 days postoperative. When axotomized and control cytoplasmic/nuclear grain densities were compared, no changes were found in either operative series. These results of the time course of axotomy-induced changes in RNA synthesis in HFMN corroborate our previous findings of an age-dependent reactive sequence in HFMN and lend support to the hypothesis that the young neurons are synthesizing at peak capacity related to final growth and cannot be stimulated further by axotomy. As discussed, the transient increase in RNA levels in the adult, the lack of any changes in the rate of transfer of RNA from the nuclcus to the cytoplasm, and the decrease in RNA levels in the 15-day neurons may be related to the presence of an unusual intranucleolar body within the nucleolus of HFMN that contains ribosomal precursors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-7365
    Keywords: facial neurons ; peripheral motoneurons, axotomy ; regeneration ; development ; RNA synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The developing facial neurons of a series of hamsters ranging in age from the 14-day fetus to the 9 day postnatal were axotomized. Postoperative times were graded for each age so that the retrograde response could be observed before any significant amount of cell degeneration or death occurred. The incorporation of tritiated uridine was followed by the autoradiographic procedure. Although grain counts, relative to control values, were significantly reduced only in the axotomized fetus and at 24 hours postoperatively in 4-day postnatal animals, there was also a repression of isotopic incorporation in all the other axotomized animals. These results support data obtained from previous work with the hamsters which indicate that it is not until after the nerve cell nucleolus reaches full cytomorphic maturity (between 15 and 20 days postnatal age in hamster facial neurons) that the axotomized neurons respond with significantly increased incorporation levels of isotope over that of control neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The early nuclear and nucleolar responses at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 days after axotomy were observed in neurons just before and after the completion of nuclear maturation. Axotomy of hamster facial motor neurons at a postnatal age of 15 days did not produce any changes within the nucleus that were significantly different from those of control cells. In addition, no significant changes were evident in the adults at 0.5 and 1 day after axotomy. At postoperative days 2 and 4, however, the adult neurons showed enlargement of the nucleus and nucleolus. Nucleolonemal strands became more rounded and distinct, and the large cluster of granules located centrally in the nucleolus disaggregated. The irregularly distributed clumps of nucleolus-associated chromatin dispersed to form a thin shell about the nucleolar periphery. In adults at postoperative day 4, the nucleoplasmic granules became more homogeneous and less distinctly outlined than normal. The peak of both nucleolar and nuclear responses coincided at 2 days after injury in the adult, i.e. 2 days before the previously documented chromatolytic peak at 4 days after injury. These studies on the ultrastructural level support our previous hypothesis that the 15-day neurons are synthesizing at peak capacity related to their rapid growth phase and cannot be stimulated further by axotomy. The adult neurons, however, do undergo a metabolic reorganization for regenerative synthesis, and the nucleolar and nuclear changes observed are indicative of transcriptive alterations involving the underlying genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 5 (1976), S. 545-550 
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary One or two threadlike structures frequently have been observed attached to nucleoli in facial motor neurons of the golden hamster. These round-to-oval structures, called ‘coiled bodies’, were seen at 15, 19, and 24 days postnatal and in the adult, both in normal neurons and in chromatolytic neurons which had been axotomized 4 days previously. With one exception, the coiled bodies were seen to be attached via fibrillar material to the nucleolar periphery. Although the numbers of coiled bodies may be altered during neuronal maturation and as a result of axon section, the bodies revealed no structural alterations that could be attributed to developmental age or to experimental trauma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974), S. 297-301 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Study of the developing chick retina with the electron microscope revealed that dyad ribbon synapses begin to form in the inner plexiform layer before synaptic ribbons begin to appear in photoreceptor terminals of the outer plexiform layer. This centrifugal (inner to outer) sequence of synaptogenesis in the predominantly cone retina of the chick differs from the centripetal sequence that has been reported for the predominantly rod retinas of the mouse and rat. This difference does not favor the hypothesis, suggested by others, that the photo-receptor may influence the maturation of inner retinal elements. The different patterns of synaptogenesis are discussed briefly with reference to anatomical differences between the retinas of different species.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 119 (1954), S. 305-323 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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